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  • 11
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ; Lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV)/human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) ; Seroepidemiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 1984 10,281 sera were collected in the FRG and examined for antibodies to HTLV-III (LAV) with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmative tests. Of the German AIDS patients 81% have antibodies. Individuals belonging to AIDS risk groups, homosexuals, haemophiliacs and i.v. drug abusers, have antibody frequencies between 25%–72%. The detection of HTLV-III antibodies in blood donours indicates that the virus is being transmitted by blood transfusions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Clinical oral investigations 4 (2000), S. 173-175 
    ISSN: 1436-3771
    Keywords: Key words Dental trauma ; Tooth injuries ; Classification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The WHO classification presently in use categorises dental trauma only according to the main injury. A new scoring system will now enable more precise and complete diagnosis of tooth injuries. In an initial retrospective investigation, 100 traumatised teeth were classified according to the WHO and the new scoring systems. Clinical and radiological examinations and another evaluations using the new scoring system were made at the time of follow-up examination. Avulsion, intrusion, and root fractures (score 〈30) showed the most unfavourable findings at the time of the accident. In comparison, the most favourable findings were shown by concussion and first degree crown fracture (score 〉70). A comparison to the WHO classification occasionally revealed noticeable score variations within a single WHO type of injury. Generally, a strong interdependence was observed between the evaluations at the time of the accident and at the time of the follow-up examination (P〈0.001). If the score at the time of the accident was equal to or larger than 57, a successful therapy was usually ensured (P〈0.001). The new scoring system enables more complete diagnosis as well as permitting statements to be made concerning prognosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 340 (1989), S. 424-430 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Endothelin I ; Pithed rat ; Cardiovascular effects ; Caronary vasoconstriction ; Voltage-sensitive calcium channels
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The present experiments were carried out to investigate the cardiovascular effects of endothelin 1 (ET) in pithed spontaneously hypertensive (SH) rats and to evaluate its mechanism of action. The results show that ET (0.1 – 3 nmol/kg i.v.) is a powerful vasoconstrictor agent in the pithed rat. However, at a dose of 3 nmol/kg i.v. all the pithed animals “died” following a gradual decrease in mean arterial blood pressure and pulse pressure and changes in the form of the electrocardiogram (ECG). The predominant feature of the change in the ECG was a progressive decrease in the amplitude of the T wave resulting in a depression of the curve representing repolarization. Investigations in isolated perfused SH rat hearts showed that ET powerfully reduces coronary flow concentration-dependently (IC50 2.1 ±0.3 nM) an effect associated with sinus bradycardia and a decrease in coronary pressure amplitude. No overt ECG changes were seen. Control experiments with mechanical flow restriction suggest that bradycardia is a consequence of reduced coronary flow and that the ECG changes observed in vivo can be explained on the basis of coronary insufficiency and resulting myocardial hypoxia. Vasoconstrictor responses to angiotensin II (0.4 μg/kg i.v.), phenylephrine (8 μg/kg i.v.) and ET (0.5 nmol/kg i.v.) were antagonised by around 70% by isradipine (0.03 mg/kg i.a.). The results suggest that endothelin-induced vasoconstriction may involve receptor operated channel activation and opening of voltage sensitive Ca2+ channels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Metabolism ; Glutamate ; Gluconeogenesis ; Stable isotopes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The central pathways of metabolism include glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, fatty acid synthesis and beta-oxidation, the citric acid cycle and ureagenesis. Because these pathways intersect, changes in one pathway, due to inborn error or disease, affect pathways that may seem remote from the initial metabolic defect. These metabolic interrelationships also present difficulties for isotopic studies, because once carbon derived from isotopic tracers is introduced into metabolism it is extensively recycled. The use of multiple labeled (especially uniformly 13C-labeled ([U-13C]), metabolic tracers, in conjunction with mass isotopomer distribution analysis of mass and nuclear magnetic spectra, has enabled the development of methods that resolve some of these difficulties. Suitable choices of tracers and analytes allow the simultaneous measurement of multiple pathways and, importantly, their kinetic interrelationships. We illustrate three uses of the technique: (1) the unequivocal determination of tracee fluxes; (2) the quantification of biosynthetic pathways; and (3) the dissection, in vivo, of the citric acid (Krebs) cycle. In each case, different combinations of [U-13C]tracer and metabolic end product have revealed metabolic phenomena that otherwise would remain unidentified. A particularly striking, and unexpected, observation that has emerged from recent studies using the technique, suggests that the key dehydrogenase reactions in the Krebs cycle may be reversible. Although this approach is of relatively recent development, it has already given a number of novel insights into the organization of the central metabolic pathways. It should provide a powerful method of investigating the metabolic impact of genetic disease and provide invaluable support of the assessment of new therapeutic interventions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A total of 2048 serum samples from Germany were examined for antibodies to adult T-cell leukemia virus (ATLV) structural polypeptides with an enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) and confirmative immuno precipitation. The origin of the sera samples was: 850 samples taken for virological or protozoal diagnosis; 626 samples from male homosexuals, about 20% of whom had lymphadenopathy syndrome; 164 from hemophiliacs; 184 were from multiple transfused, mostly dialysis patients; 9 from intravenous drug abusers; 182 from suspected cases of acquired immuno deficiency syndrome (AIDS) and 33 from AIDS-patients. In none of these sera did we detect antibodies to ATLV, except in the serum of one patient who had been on hemodialysis for over 11 years. Obviously infection with ATLV or a serologically related agent is very rare in our country and an association with AIDS could not be observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Untersuchungen zur Bestimmung kleiner Gehalte an Zink, Nickel und Eisen in den Dioxiden von Titan, Zirkonium und Thorium mittels Röntgenfluorescenzanalyse haben gezeigt, daß die Eichkurven für Zn, Ni und Fe in TiO2 in dem untersuchten Bereich (bis 0,1%) geradlinig verlaufen. Beim ZrO2 wurde Geradinigkeit für Zn und Fe bis etwa 0,4% für Ni nur bis etwa 0,1% gefunden. Beim ThO2 war die Nettoimpulszahl D der Konzentration c proportional für Zn, Fe und U bis zur untersuchten Konzentration von 1,288%, für Ni nur bis etwa 0,4%. Die Nachweisgrenzen der Elemente für eine Zählzeit von 5 min und eine statistische Sicherheit von 99,7% ergaben sich wie folgt: TiO2∶ Zn 0,001, Ni 0,001, Fe 0,003; ZrO2∶ Zn 0,002, Ni 0,002, Fe 0,007; ThO2∶ Zn 0,006, Ni 0,005, Fe 0,015, U 0,02 Gew.-%.
    Notes: Summary Investigations on the determination of low concentrations of zinc nickel and iron in TiO2, ZrO2, and ThO2 and of uranium in ThO2 by means of X-ray fluorescence analysis have shown that the calibration curves are linear for Zn, Ni, and Fe in TiO2 in the investigated range of ⩽ 0.1%, for Zn and Fe in ZrO2 of ⩽0.4%, for Ni in ZrO2 of ⩽0.1%, for Zn, Fe, and U in ThO2 in the investigated range of ⩽1.288% and for Ni in ThO2 of ⩽0.4%. The calculated limits of detections for a counting time of 5 min and 99.7% confidence are: TiO2: Zn 0.001, Ni 0.001, Fe 0.003; ZrO2: Zn 0.002, M 0.002, Fe 0.007; ThO2: Zn 0.006, Ni 0.005, Fe 0.015, U 0.02 w.-%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 138 (1953), S. 245-249 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 11 (1992), S. 1195-1195 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Zusammenfassung (1 Teil) Es werden Wirkungsweise und apparative Einrichtung einer neuen schlierenoptischen Registriermethode zur Messung von Konzentrationsgradienten beschrieben. Die Grundlagen für die Berechnung der Apparatur und für die Auswertung der Meßergebnisse sind dargestellt. Dabei ist insbesondere die meßtechnische Qualität der Kurven auf den Registrierdiagrammen rechnerisch diskutiert. Über die mit der Universalregistriermethode erhaltenen Ergebnisse soll in einem zweiten Teil berichtet werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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