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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) ; Lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV)/human T-lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) ; Seroepidemiology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 1984 10,281 sera were collected in the FRG and examined for antibodies to HTLV-III (LAV) with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and confirmative tests. Of the German AIDS patients 81% have antibodies. Individuals belonging to AIDS risk groups, homosexuals, haemophiliacs and i.v. drug abusers, have antibody frequencies between 25%–72%. The detection of HTLV-III antibodies in blood donours indicates that the virus is being transmitted by blood transfusions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: HTLV-III ; Antibodies to HTLV-III ; Commercial immunoglobulin preparations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Samples of 96 polyvalent and virus-specific immunoglobulin batches commercially available in West-Germany were tested by enzyme-linked immunoassay and immunoblot for the presence of anti-HTLV-III antibodies. 37% of the polyvalent and 87% of the virus-specific batches were positive. It was concluded that these preparations are still safe and because of their reportedly low titer neutralizing antibodies possibly beneficial in certain cases, such as newborns of HTLV-III positive mothers or after accidental exposure to infectious material in clinics or laboratories.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Um Parameter zu finden, die es erlauben, den klinischen Status HIV-Infizierter exakt zu bestimmen, wurden die Virusanzucht auf Lymphozyten und Makrophagen, CD4+-Zellzahlen, Cholesterin-Werte, β2-Mikroglobulin-Spiegel und virales Antigen hinsichtlich ihres prädiktiven Wertes verglichen. Wie bereits für die Virusanzucht auf Lymphozyten beschrieben, war auch die HIV-Kultur auf Makrophagen vom Gesundheitszustand der Patienten (bestimmt nach CDC) abhängig und hat somit hohen prädiktiven Wert. Eine multivariante Diskriminanzanalyse zeigte, daß das Ergebnis der Viruskultur unabhängig vom Zellsystem durch eine Kombination von β2-Mikroglobulin, Virusantigen, CD4+-Zellzahlen und HDL-Cholesterin-Werten zu 80% voraussagbar ist. HDL-Cholesterin verdient daher, als neuer prognostischer Parameter weiter erforscht zu werden. Die Analyse von HIV-Isolaten aus AZT-behandelten Patienten zeigte eine 20–200- fachein vitro Resistenz gegenüber der Substanz nach sieben bis 24 Monaten der Therapie. Sequenzbestimmungen bei einem der 100fach resistenten Isolate ergaben nur zwei der in der Literatur beschriebenen Aminosäure-Austrausche und eine neue Mutation (Val60 zu Ile) in einem Virus nach 32 Monaten der Therapie.
    Notes: Summary In order to find parameters which allow the assessment of the clinical state of HIV patients with or without antiviral therapy, viral cultures on lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages, CD4-cell counts, HIV antigen, β2-microglobulin and serum cholesterol were evaluated for their predictive value. As had been shown previously for lymphocytes, the efficiency of viral isolation on macrophages also depends on the disease stage (CDC) of the patients and thus has a high predictive value. A multivariant discriminant analysis showed that the combination of β2-microglobulin, viral antigen, CD4+ cell count and HDL cholesterol predicted the outcome of viral cultures with 80% accuracy. While viral antigen, CD4+ cell counts and β2-microglobulin had been known, HDL cholesterol deserves further evaluation as prognostic parameter. The analysis of HIV derived from patients with AZT showed a 20–200-foldin vitro drug resistance after seven to 24 months of therapy. DNA sequence determination of such strains isolated from AZT patients over time showed only two of the amino acid exchanges described in the literature for resistant strains and an additional Val60-Ile transition after 32 months of therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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