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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PMA-activation of peripheral blood and tonsillar B lymphocytes induces large adhesive cells reminiscent of large extrafollicular (monocytoid) B cells (1994)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 424 (1994), S. 195-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Extrafollicular B lymphocytes ; Monocytoid B cell ; Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate ; CD11c ; CD62L (L-selectin)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Extrafollicular (EF) B lymphocytes differ in size and morphology depending on the lymphatic organ involved and the kind of inflammatory reaction. On reevaluating EF B cells in various sites and conditions we discriminated three forms: a small (lymphoid) and intermediate (centrocytoid), and a large (monocytoid) variant. Immunohistochemically, these variants could be discriminated by their differential expression of adhesion molecules CD62L (L-selectin) and CD11c: small EF B cells were strongly L-selectin+ and CD11c−; intermediate cells were moderately CD62L+ and CD11c−; large cells were faintly CD62L+ or − but expressed CD11c. In 72 h cultures of normal peripheral and tonsillar B cells, cross-linking surface immunoglobulin in the presence of interleukin-2 or interleukin-4 led to formation of clusters in vitro together with an increase in cell size and a slight up-regulation of CD11c, as determined by flow cytometry. Stimulation with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), however, gave rise to large, plastic adherent cells which also showed strong homotypic adhesion, expressed CD62L at minimal levels and CD11c at comparably highest levels and altogether mimicked the large cell variant of EF B cells. We conclude that EF B cells are subjected to cytokine-induced metamorphosis and that differences in cell size and morphology reflect their state of activation and activation-associated adhesion properties. Our data suggest that EF B cells in all anatomical sites are functionally closely related cells which — possibly mediated by CD11c/CD18 — may become sessile and proliferate locally once activated by appropriate signals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193500
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cathepsin D and E co-expression in sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease) and Langerhans' cell histiocytosis: further evidences of a phenotypic overlap between these histiocytic disorders (1994)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 424 (1994), S. 601-606 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Cathepsin D ; Cathepsin E ; Rosai-Dorfman disease ; Langerhans' cell histiocytosis ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Nosological classification of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML; Rosai-Dorfman disease) is difficult, and the normal cellular counterpart of Rosai-Dorfman (RD) cells is uncharacterised. The peculiar S-100+ phenotype of RD cells suggests a relationship with the dendritic cell family. Recent investigations have revealed cathepsin E to be selectively concentrated in antigen-presenting cells, whereas cathepsin D was found to be expressed in cells of macrophage lineage. Cathepsin D and E distribution was investigated by immunohistochemistry in a series of SHML biopsies and in two types of dendritic cell proliferative lesions: dermatopathic lymphadenitis (DL) and Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH). In SHML biopsies, RD cells and monocyte-related elements of the sinuses and pulp coexpressed cathepsin D and E. LCH cells also stained for both these aspartic proteinases. Conversely, in DL cathepsin E and D were localised to separate cells that resembled Langerhans' cells (LC) or macrophages, respectively, in morphology and distribution. Our data outline the peculiar immunophenotype of RD and LCH cells and suggest that caution should be exercised in the identification of their normal cellular counterpart. The common expression of cathepsin D and E and of S-100 protein suggests some phenotypic overlap between SHML and LCH cells, despite their striking morphological divergence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00195773
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cathepsin D and E co-expression in sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai-Dorfman disease) and Langerhans' cell histiocytosis: further evidences of a phenotypic overlap between these histiocytic disorders (1994)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 424 (1994), S. 601-606 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Cathepsin D ; Cathepsin E ; Rosai-Dorfman disease ; Langerhans' cell histiocytosis ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Nosological classification of sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (SHML; Rosai-Dorfman disease) is difficult, and the normal cellular counterpart of Rosai-Dorfman (RD) cells is uncharacterised. The peculiar S-100+ phenotype of RD cells suggests a relationship with the dendritic cell family. Recent investigations have revealed cathepsin E to be selectively concentrated in antigen-presenting cells, whereas cathepsin D was found to be expressed in cells of macrophage lineage. Cathepsin D and E distribution was investigated by immunohistochemistry in a series of SHML biopsies and in two types of dendritic cell proliferative lesions: dermatopathic lymphadenitis (DL) and Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH). In SHML biopsies, RD cells and monocyte-related elements of the sinuses and pulp coexpressed cathepsin D and E. LCH cells also stained for both these aspartic proteinases. Conversely, in DL cathepsin E and D were localised to separate cells that resembled Langerhans' cells (LC) or macrophages, respectively, in morphology and distribution. Our data outline the peculiar immunophenotype of RD and LCH cells and suggest that caution should be exercised in the identification of their normal cellular counterpart. The common expression of cathepsin D and E and of S-100 protein suggests some phenotypic overlap between SHML and LCH cells, despite their striking morphological divergence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01069739
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential expression of β1, β3 and β4 integrins in sarcomas of the small, round, blue cell category (1995)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 426 (1995), S. 19-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Small round blue cell sarcomas ; Integrins ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Integrins are a large and complex family of membrane spanning αβ heterodimeric cell surface glycoproteins mediating cell/cell and cell/matrix interactions. Small, round, blue cell sarcomas (SRBCS) are a group of poorly differentiated tumours of various and in part uncertain histogenesis displaying similar cytomorphology. Among them are rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS), ganglioneuroblastomas [(G)NB], primitive peripheral neuroectodermal tumours (pPNET) and Ewing's sarcomas (ES). Thirty-two SRBCS were studied immunohistochemically for the distribution of β1, β3 and β4 integrins in situ. We found complex and to some extent differential patterns of β1, β3 and β4 integrin subunit expression in different types of SRBCS: all of the sarcomas studied were consistently β1+, β4−, α2−. Four of nine RMS were completely negative for all other integrin subunits studied while one RMS was α5+ throughout and three RMS were focally α5+. Three RMS expressed the α6 and αv chains. In contrast to RMS, pPNET and ES, all of which were α1−, α3−, (G)NB were α3+ and frequently co-expressed α1. The eight pPNET and seven ES studied showed a similarily restricted integrin profile that was limited to the expression of β1 and α5 in nearly all cases. In summary, RMS were β1+, α1−, α3− and heterogeneously expressed α5 and α6. (G)NB were generally β1+, α1+, α3+, α5−, α6−. pPNET and ES were β1+, α1−, α3−, α5+, α6−. The data illustrate a complex expression pattern of various integrins in SRBCS, a differential expression pattern of some of the integrin subunits among different types of SRBCS and almost identical integrin profiles in pPNET and ES.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00194694
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of CD44 splice variants in human skin and epidermal tumours (1996)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 428 (1996), S. 141-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: CD44 variant isoforms ; Skin ; Basal cell carcinoma ; Spindle cell carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Splice variants of the adhesion molecule CD44 (CD44v) are important in the lymphatic spread of rat carcinoma cells. In several human tumours expression of CD44v correlates with tumour progression. However, little is known about the physiological functions of distinct variant exons. Here we report on the immunohistological evaluation of CD44 expression in normal human skin and epidermal tumours which do not metastasise, or do so vary rarely. Frozen tissues were stained with a panel of monoclonal antibodies, recognizing epitopes of the CD44 standard isoform, as well as of variant exons v5, v6, v7, v7–v8 and v10. Stratum basale and spinosum as well as the root shaft of hairs reacted strongly with the whole panel of anti-CD44 antibodies. Stratum corneum, acinar cells of sebaceous and eccrine sweat glands stained with anti-CD44v5, anti-CD44v6 and anti-CD44v7, but not with anti-CD44v10, the latter recognizing the “epithelial isoform” (CD44v8–v10) of CD44. Ductal cells of glands and apocrine glands did not express CD44v. Compared with its expression in normal human skin, CD44v expression was reduced in basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. This was particularly true of CD44v10. The expression of CD44v in normal skin and dermal appendages indicates that not all combinations of variant exons are involved in tumour progression. Since the epithelial isoform is particularly downregulated in basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, it is unlikely that exons v8–v10 play a role in tumour progression. Rather, they may be of functional importance in maintenance of the epidermal structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00200656
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    J-chain-producing immunoblastic lymphoma in a case of Richter's syndrome (1982)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 396 (1982), S. 213-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: B-CLL ; B-immunoblastic lymphoma ; Richter's syndrome ; J chain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 66-year old male with Richter's syndrome died 52 month after diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). The clinical course was characterized by a marked IgM hypoglobulinaemia which paralleled a chronically relapsing Herpes simplex infection. Autopsy showed a large retroperitoneal and intraabdominal tumour mass and well defined supradiaphragmatic lymphomas. Histological examination revealed a composite tumour consisting of CLL B-cell type (B-CLL) and immunoblastic malignant lymphoma of B-cell type (B-IbL). The lymphocytes bear μ-chains on their surface and to a lesser extend within their cytoplasm, the obviously defective immunoblasts produce J chains exclusively. Flow cytophotometric data seem to indicate an identical diploid stem line of the two tumours. The majority of the cells are in G0/1 phase. The CLL rarely produces mitoses, however, the IbL has a mitotic rate of 7% and a considerable proportion (33%) of cells in the phase of DNA-synthesis. This is the fourth malignant lymphoma and the second immunoblastic lymphoma to be reported that produces J chain in the absence of immunoglobulin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00431242
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lymphoepithelial carcinoma (Schmincke type) as a derivate of the tonsillar crypt epithelium (1984)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 405 (1984), S. 85-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Lymphoepithelial carcinoma ; Peanut lectin ; Ulex europaeus lectin ; S-100 protein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ten tumours of tonsillar or epipharyngeal localization showing the histological picture of “lymphoepithelial carcinoma” (Schmincke 1921) were examined immunohistochemically using Peanut lectin, Ulex europaeus lectin-I and an antiserum to S-100 protein. The findings suggest a close relationship of this type of carcinoma to the normal tonsillar crypt epithelium. The majority of tumour cells are UEA-I-positive and PNL-negative, as is the crypt epithelium, while oral mucosa is both PNL- and to a lesser extent UEA-I-reactive. Tumour areas expressing this pattern contain a large number of asteroid-shaped PNL-positive histiocytes and arachnoid-shaped histiocytes reacting with anti-S-100 protein; both cell types being probably identical and representing typical elements of the normal tonsillar crypt epithelium. Consequently, the WHO-term “nasopharyngeal carcinoma, undifferentiated type” seems to be inadequate for this type of tumour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00694927
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ expression of β1, β3 and β4 integrin subunits in non-neoplastic endothelium and vascular tumours (1994)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 425 (1994), S. 375-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Endothelium ; Vascular tumours ; Integrins Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Endothelial cells play an important role in adhesive interactions between circulating cells and extracellular matrix proteins. In vitro studies have shown that many of these processes are mediated by a superfamily of αβ heterodimeric transmembrane glycoproteins called integrins. The distribution patterns of β1, β3 and β4 integrin subunits in endothelial cells (EC) in situ were examined immunohistochemically on serial forzen sections of a wide range of non-neoplastic tissues and of vascular tumours, both benign and malignant. Expression of the β1 subunit was a constitutive feature of EC. Among the β1-associated α subunits, α5 and α6 were broadly distributed in EC, irrespective of vessel size and microenvironment. The α3 subunit displayed intermediate levels of expression with a slight preference for small vessel EC. Presence of α1 was confined to EC of capillaries and venules/small veins. Expression of α2 in EC was inconsistent. With rare exceptions, the α4 chain was absent in EC. The β3 and αv subunits were expressed in most EC, though not always concomitantly. In contrast to the β1 chain, however, these integrin subunits were absent in EC of glomerular capillaries and were expressed variably in sinusoidal EC. The β4 chain was evenly present in the great majority of EC, except for those of large vessels. In vascular tumours, the patterns of β1 and α1 to α6 subunit expression generally corresponded to those found in their non-neoplastic counterparts. Expression of β3, αv and β4 chains, however, decreased in neoplasia, especially in angiosarcomas. These data show that EC dispose of broad and at the same time differential repertoires of integrin subunits that presumably reflect vessel-type associated functional differences among these cells. In vascular tumours, the orthologous distribution patterns of β1 and α1 to α6 chains are conserved in most instances while the amounts of β3, αv and β4 subunits expressed in EC tend to decrease in the course of malignant transformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00189575
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative evaluation of integrin α- and β-chain expression in colorectal carcinoma cell lines and in their tumours of origin (1994)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 425 (1994), S. 229-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Colorectal carcinoma ; Integrin receptors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The integrin family consists of broadly expressed cell surface adhesion receptors, each member of which is composed of a non-covalently linked α/β heterodimer. Integrin receptors are involved in the interaction with matrix proteins and may contribute to invasion and metastasis of carcinomas. To examine the biological role integrins play in colorectal carcinoma we compared the expression of integrin α- and β-subunits in situ and in vitro. Eight newly established cell lines derived from immunohistochemically characterized colorectal carcinomas together with two sublines obtained after nude mouse passage and the commonly used colon carcinoma lines HT-29, SW480, SW620, and COLO 205 were investigated by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry. The carcinomas in situ expressed α1-, α2-, α3-, α6-, αv-and β1-subunits in variable amounts while being devoid of α4, α5 and β3. The individual integrin profile of the tumour in tissue was essentially maintained in vitro. However, a neo-expression of the α5 chain was found, together with an induction or increase in α1, α2, α3, αv and β1 levels. No decrease in integrin subunit expression was observed. Standard-serum and serum-free medium revealed no striking differences in α- and β-chain expression in the cell lines HT-29 and COLO 205. In serum-free medium, SW480 showed a slight increase of α1 and α5 and a decrease of α3 and αv while SW620 expressed more α1. We conclude that the great variability of adhesion receptor expression of the integrin family in colorectal carcinomas in situ is essentially maintained in vitro, although culture conditions which are only marginally influenced by serum factors unpredictably lead to some increase in expression or even induction of several integrin subunits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196144
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conspicuous enterocytic binding pattern for peanut lectin and malignant histiocytosis of the intestine (1983)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 399 (1983), S. 245-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Coeliac disease ; peanut lectin ; malignant histiocytosis of the intestine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We present a case of a 33 year old male with a history of early childhood diarrhoea and more recently diagnosed gluten sensitive enteropathy, who died with active disease, ulcerative proctosigmoiditis and desquamative erythrodermia associated with toxin induced shock. Autopsy revealed a tumour restricted to lymph nodes of the mesentery and the retroperitoneum. This is considered to be malignant histiocytosis of the intestine (MIH). Immunohistological examination of the diagnostic jejunal biopsy showed a pathological binding pattern for peanut lectin (PNL) within the enterocytes. This may be an expression of disturbed production or secretion of a product rich in non-reducing terminal D-galactosyl residues.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00619585
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