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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 8658-8665 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The microstructures of a Nd8Fe76.5Co8B6Nb1Cu0.5 nanocomposite magnet have been investigated by transmission electron microscopy and three-dimensional atom probe microanalysis. The ribbon prepared by the single roller melt-spinning process under an optimal cooling rate was partially crystallized, being composed of α-Fe, Nd2Fe14B, and the intergranular amorphous phase. The volume fraction of the Nd2Fe14B phase increases by annealing at 740 °C for 3 min, but a small amount of amorphous phase remains in the intergranular region. Atom probe results show Nb and B are significantly enriched in the remaining amorphous phase, which would be the reason for the high thermal stability of the remaining amorphous phase. Cu atoms are dissolved in the Nd2Fe14B phase during solidification, and they do not have much influence on the microstructural evolution. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 705-709 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The structure at the interfaces of Co/Ag/Pt(111) was studied by low-energy electron diffraction, ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, Auger electron spectroscopy, and depth profiling. An atomic exchange occurs between Co and Ag before the formation of a Co–Pt alloy. Ag atoms start moving to the top at 425 K when the coverage of Co is one monolayer. The temperature of the complete exchange between Ag atoms and Co atoms is dependent on the thickness of the Ag buffer layer. The Co–Pt alloy develops after the atomic exchange is complete. The especially small surface free energy of Ag and large strain energy in this system are proposed as the driving force for the exchange. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Transparent, conductive indium tin oxide (ITO) films were fabricated by pulsed-laser deposition on substrates held at room temperature. We investigated the relationship between electrical/optical properties of the films and the material stoichiometry, measured by Rutherford backscattering. The lowest resistivity films (∼4×10−4 Ω cm) have excessive oxygen compared with the stoichiometric composition ITO. After annealing in argon at 400 °C for 1.5 h, the oxygen-to-(indium+tin) ratio approaches the stoichiometric composition of 1.5 and resistivities of annealed samples are ∼2.5×10−4 Ω cm. The room-temperature ITO resistivity dependence on chamber gas pressure is explained in terms of a gas-dynamic model and oxygen content of the film. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 3584-3592 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Thermocouple cantilever probes are used in the atomic force microscope (AFM) to simultaneously obtain thermal and topographical images of surfaces with submicrometer scale spatial resolution. Three designs of thermocouple AFM probes and the thermal images obtained by each of them are presented here. Experiments show that the dominant mechanism for sample-probe heat transfer is gas conduction. If probes are not properly designed, this could lead to image distortion and loss of temperature and spatial resolution. The steady state probe behavior is dominated by the gas thermal conductivity whereas the transient effects are dominated by the thermal mass of the probe. Thermal images of single transistors show their thermal characteristics under different biasing conditions. In addition, hot spots created by short-circuit defects within a transistor can be located by this technique. Efforts are underway to improve the spatial resolution from 0.4 to 0.05 μm by careful probe design. The results suggest that this can be achieved when the size of the thermal sensor at the tip of an AFM cantilever probe is of the order of the tip radius. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of agricultural and food chemistry 20 (1972), S. 757-761 
    ISSN: 1520-5118
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Inorganic chemistry 23 (1984), S. 1629-1633 
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 6539-6543 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: ZnSe/ZnS quantum wires and quantum dots were grown on unpatterned substrates by molecular beam epitaxy. Several substrate orientations were compared. These structures exhibited a strong luminescence. A linear crystallographic dependence of the photoluminescence peak energy was observed when comparing structures grown in the same experimental conditions. All samples exhibited also strong zero-dimensional–one-dimensional confinement signatures. An empirical analysis is provided illuminating the issue involved by the redshift. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) is used to probe both the spin and orbital d moments of Co in Co/Pd, Co/Pt, and Co/Ni multilayers, and in a Au/Co-wedge/Pd structure. While the spin moment per Co atom is found to be constant within the experimental error, the orbital moment shows a strong dependence both on the chemical environment and on the thickness of the Co layer. In particular, we find an orbital moment enhancement of up to a factor of three for a Co layer thickness of four atomic layers in the present Au/Co/Pd sandwich structure. This enhancement decays to the bulk Co value, roughly following a 1/dCo dependence, thus confirming its interfacial origin. The relevance of these observations with respect to the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in these samples will be discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have used the magnetic circular x-ray dichroism (MCXD) technique to image magnetic domains with a spatial resolution of 1 μm. The experiments employed circularly polarized soft x rays near the edges of the three-dimensional (3d) transition metals Co ((approximately-equal-to)780 eV) and Ni ((approximately-equal-to)850 eV) and a photoemission microscope based on an electrostatically imaging lens system. Element specific contrast is obtained by tuning to a specific L edge resonance ("white line'') and imaging the number of secondary electrons created locally near the surface of the sample. The magnetic contrast arises from the fact that the white line intensity depends on the relative orientation of the photon spin and the local magnetization direction. The obtained contrast is remarkably large ((approximately-equal-to)20%) such that images can be recorded without background subtraction. Images taken at the L3 and L2 resonance energies give reversed contrast, as expected. Because of the long x-ray and secondary electron mean free paths, images can be recorded for buried magnetic layers which makes this new technique especially valuable for technological applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 4273-4275 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Nanocrystalline Si particles of 10 nm size, doped with traces (1 at. %) of Sn, are prepared by mechanical attrition in an inert ambient. After stain-etching, the particles photoluminesce at room temperature. 119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopy, Raman scattering, photoluminesce, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurements performed as a function of stain-etching time reveal systematic changes, and suggest that the molecular structure of porous Si consists of nanocrystalline Si particles with surfaces passivated by H and/or O atoms. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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