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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Futura Publishing, Inc.
    Pacing and clinical electrophysiology 24 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1540-8159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: WEBER, M., et al.: Antitachycardia Pacing for Rapid VT During ICD Charging: A Method to Prevent ICD Shocks. In patients with ICDs, rapid VTs are usually treated with shocks. It is unknown, if antitachycardia pacing (ATP) delivered once for rapid VT during capacitor charging can avoid painful shocks without increasing the risk of syncope. In patients in whom rapid monomorphic VT (cycle length 300–220 ms) could be reproducibly induced during predischarge ICD testing, the success of cardioversion (defibrillation threshold plus 10 J) and a single ATP attempt (burst with 8 or 16 stimuli) was compared using a randomized crossover study design. Consciousness of the patients was checked by the signal from a button constantly pushed by the patient. In 20 patients (ejection fraction 0.50 ± 0.19) rapid VTs (253 ± 26 ms) were reproducibly induced. A single burst successfully terminated 11 (55%) of 20 rapid VTs, 6 episodes could not be terminated with a single burst pacing and 3 VTs accelerated. Rapid VTs not terminated by ATP were significantly faster than those that could be terminated (246 vs 258 ms, P = 0.026). Cardioversion (19 ± 3 J) terminated the VTs in all cases. No patient suffered syncope during rapid VTs. A single ATP may terminate rapid VT with cycle lengths 〈 300 ms in 55% of patients without increasing the risk of syncope. Therefore, in rapid VTs one attempt of ATP may be suitable as an additional therapy option during ICD capacitor charging to avoid painful shocks without compromise of safety. Thus, future ICDs should implement the option of ATP during charging of capacitors.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Pancreatic neoplasms—Insulinoma—Comparative studies—Pancreas, US studies—Pancreas, MRI
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Background: Abdominal sonography, computed tomography (CT), angiography, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging are the most widely used modalities for preoperative localization of insulinomas. CT and angiography are generally considered the techniques of reference, and the role of sonography and MR imaging in these patients is controversial. The purpose of this study was to compare these four modalities in a group of patients with pancreatic insulinoma and determine an effective radiological approach to this disease. Methods: Twenty-eight patients with clinical and biochemical signs of pancreatic insulinoma underwent abdominal sonography, MR imaging at 0.5 T (spin echo technique), bolus dynamic CT, and digital subtraction angiography. Examinations were evaluated independently for the presence, size, and location of the lesions; preoperative diagnoses were compared with surgical findings based on palpation and intraoperative sonography. Tumoral vascularity was histologically graded. Sensitivities of the four imaging techniques were calculated and compared with the size, location, and vascularity of the tumors. Detection rates of combined techniques were finally determined. Results: At surgery, 29 lesions in the 28 patients were found (range = 0.8–4.3 cm, average = 1.65 cm). Sensitivities of abdominal sonography, MR imaging, CT, and angiography were 79.3%, 65.5%, 44.8%, and 69% respectively. Correct localization of tumor was achieved in 96.6% of cases by a combination of sonography and MR imaging and in 72.4% of cases by using CT with angiography. Conclusion: In our experience, sonography and MR imaging performed well in the preoperative detection of pancreatic insulinoma. Therefore, we believe that the combination of abdominal sonography and MR imaging may represent the first radiological approach in clinically suspected insulinomas and that CT and angiography should be reserved for negative and/or doubtful cases.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Schlagwort(e): Key words: Liver neoplasm, chemotherapeutic infusion—Liver neoplasm, MR—Liver neoplasm, therapy.
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract. Background: To assess unenhanced and gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Methods: Thirty-two patients with 48 HCC lesions underwent MR imaging before and 15 days after TACE. Fifteen lesions were then surgically resected. The remaining 33 lesions were not removed and were followed up with MR imaging at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months after treatment. Spin echo (SE) T1- and T2-weighted and gadolinium-enhanced SE T1-weighted sequences were employed. Qualitative evaluation of signal intensity pattern of the treated lesions was performed in all cases. Histological evaluation and selective hepatic arteriography were considered the gold standard of the study for the 15 resected lesions and the 33 unresected lesions, respectively. Results: On follow-up enhanced T1-weighted images of the 15 resected lesions, seven showed no area of enhancement corresponding to complete necrosis at histologic examination. The remaining eight resected lesions showed areas of enhancement; in six of these cases, viable tumor tissue was found at histology; in the other two lesions, histologic examination revealed the presence of complete tumor necrosis. In the group of resected lesions, T2-weighted images showed no pattern characteristic of necrosis. In 24 of 33 unresected lesions, loss of enhancement on follow-up enhanced T1-weighted images was a characteristic finding, which correlated to devascularization at arteriography. Of these 24 lesions, 17 were completely hypointense on follow-up T2-weighted images; the remaining seven showed small foci of hyperintensity. The other nine unresected lesions showed enhanced portions on follow-up enhanced T1-weighted images, which corresponded to hyperintense areas on T2-weighted images. These findings correlated to persistence of hypervascular areas at arteriography. Conclusion: Gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted MR imaging is a reliable method for evaluating the outcome of TACE treatment and is more accurate than unenhanced T2-weighted MR imaging.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Herzschrittmachertherapie & Elektrophysiologie 10 (1999), S. 248-251 
    ISSN: 1435-1544
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Implantable cardioverter defibrillator ; Sudden cardiac death ; Children
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are the treatment of choice in adults with symptomatic ventricular tachycardia or aborted sudden cardiac death. Treatment with implantable defibrillators is also possible in children, although experience in this patient group is scanty. A review of the literature on the subject of defibrillator therapy in combination with epicardial electrodes is provided. Endocardial electrodes, which have now become the gold standard in adult treatment, have only rarely been used in children. However, our own experience shows that endocardial electrodes can be implanted in most children, which generally obviates the need for thoracotomy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Schlagwort(e): Influenza ; Epidemiology ; Surveillance
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Laboratory investigations of virus isolation and serum antibodies in a Mediterranean country (Italy) demonstrated that influenza A and B viruses, and often both, circulated every winter in Italy. The winter 1987/88 was characterized by a low level of influenza activity, as shown by the limited number (47) of influenza virus isolates, the majority of which (61%) belonged to the influenza B type. In contrast, the 1988/89 influenza season was exclusively associated with the circulation of influenza type A viruses. The A(HlH1) subtype was largely predominant (97%), as compared to the low incidence of the A(H3N2) subtype (3%). During the 1989/90 winter a cocirculation of A and B influenza viruses was observed, A(H3N2) strains being responsible for 96% of the virologically confirmed cases. Antigenic analysis of the virus isolates showed some antigenic variation in influenza A viruses of both HlN1 and H3N2 subtypes, whilst antigenic stability was found among the influenza B virus isolates. Overall, the above virological findings correlate with the data concerning the pattern of influenza virus circulation in Northern Europe and the UK during the three years surveyed. The results of serum antibody surveys conducted in each post-epidemic period are also reported.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European journal of epidemiology 4 (1988), S. 445-450 
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Schlagwort(e): Influenza ; Epidemiology ; Surveillance
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Antigenically heterogeneous strains and new variants of influenza A viruses, both A (H3N2) and (H1N1) subtypes, as well as influenza B strains were detected in Italy in a period, between 1984–1987, characterized by a moderate degree of influenza activity. Each year the evaluation, by SRH technique, of antibodies, in the population, to currently circulating viruses, has confirmed the extent of infection and often the prevalent virus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Schlagwort(e): Influenza ; Vaccination ; Elderly
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The immunogenicity of inactivated whole trivalent influenza vaccines (A/Taiwan/1/86 (HIN1), A/Sichuan/2/87 (H3N2), and B/Beijing/1/87) recommended for the 1988–1989 winter season was evaluated in 236 elderly (mean age 71 years) high risk volunteers. An overall significant increase in the number of subjects with protective haemagglutination inhibiting (HI) antibodies (titer ≥ 1:40) against vaccine components was observed after vaccination. Nevertheless, a percentage of individuals (ranging from 56% to 62%) remained without protective antibodies and the number of people showing a positive response was limited (from 32% to 41%). By the comparative analysis of the results obtained examining the presence of protective levels of antibody in the sera from 91 volunteers using HI versus the single radial haemolysis (SRH) test, we obtained evidence for a higher sensitivity of SRH technique especially against B antigen.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-7284
    Schlagwort(e): Influenza ; Vaccination ; Elderly ; Immunity
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Immune responses to trivalent inactivated whole virus and monovalent subunit influenza vaccines, used in the season 1986–87, were analyzed in elderly residents in nursing homes. Higher levels of induced antibody were found in the group receiving two doses of trivalent vaccine. This suggests that high risk aged patients should receive a booster dose of vaccine annually. The antibody response to administration of supplemental vaccination, using monovalent subunit preparation, did not reach the high level of antibodies found following trivalent influenza vaccine.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1435-1285
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Implantable cardioverter defibrillator — ICD-test — antiarrhythmic drug — ICD-dysfunction — defibrillation ; Schlüsselwörter Implantierbarer Kardioverter/Defibrillator — ICD-Test — Antiarrhythmika — ICD-Dysfunktion — Defibrillation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Summary Postoperative tests of implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) are routinely performed to ensure appropriate defibrillation by the device. However, efficacy and complications of this procedure are unknown. To scrutinize the currently accepted indications to test the defibrillation function of the ICD we retrospectively analyzed 844 ICD-tests in 439 ICD-systems and 409 patients. 755 ICD-tests (89.4%) were routinely performed (57% before discharge and 43% during follow-up); 58 tests (6.9%) were performed after a change of the antiarrhythmic drug regimen, 24 tests (2.9%) after a revision of a part of the ICD-system, and seven tests (0.8%) because of a suspected dysfunction of the ICD. During routine-tests six ICD-systems (0.8%) failed to defibrillate the patient. However, in all but one test abnornmalities of the ICD-system had been observed before the test. After addition of antiarrhythmic drugs, three of 58 ICD-systems (5.2%) failed to defibrillate the patient during the test (amiodarone: n = 2, flecainide: n = 1). Four of seven ICD-systems (57%) tested due to a suspected dysfunction failed to defibrillate the patient. After revisions of parts of the ICD-system, ICD-tests never revealed a failure of defibrillation. During 16 ICD-tests (1.9%) complications occurred. The most frequent complication was inaoppropriate shocks ( n = 19; 1.2 %), the most severe one (transient) neurologic symptoms (n = 4; 0.48%). Our experience demonstrates that postoperative tests of the defibrillation function of ICDs rarely reveal ICD-dysfunction. As testing is unpleasant for the patient and not free of complications, tests might be restricted to those patients in whom an ICD-dysfunction is supected (based on clinical presentation, results of chest-x-ray, testing of sensing signal and stimulation threshold) or class I or class III antiarrhythmic drugs have been added to the antiarrhythmic drug regimen.
    Notizen: Zusammenfassung Der Nutzen einer postoperativ routinemäßig durchgeführten Überprüfung der Defibrillationsfunktion implantierbarer Kardioverter/Defibrillatoren (ICDs) ist unklar. Um die Indikationen zu diesen den Patienten belastenden Untersuchungen zu überprüfen, analysierten wir retrospektiv 844 ICD-Teste bei 439 Systemen und 409 Patienten. 755 ICD-Teste (89,4%) waren routinemäßig (57 % vor Entlassung; 43% während der Nachverfolgung) durchgeführt worden. Außerplanmäßig erfolgten 58 ICD-Teste (6,9%) nach Aufsättigung mit einem Antiarrhythmikum und 24 ICD-Teste (2,9%) nach Austausch oder Revision einer Komponente des ICD-Systems. Sieben ICD-Teste (0,8 %) wurden durchgeführt, weil eine Fehlfunktion des Systems vermutet wurde. Routinemäßig durchgeführte ICD-Teste ergaben bei sechs Patienten (0,8%) eine mangelhafte Defibrillationsfunktion. Bis auf einen Patienten fanden sich bei allen jedoch bereits vor der Testung Besonderheiten, die auf einen Fehlfunktion hätten schließen lassen können. Wegen einer Änderung der Antiarrhythmika-Medikation außerplanmäßig durchgeführte ICD-Testungen ergaben bei drei von 58 Patienten (5,2%) eine mangelhafte Defibrillationsfunktion (Amiodaron: n = 2; Flecainid: n = 1). In vier von sieben Fällen (57%), in denen eine Fehlfunktion des ICD-Systems vermutet wurde, ergab die außerplanmäßige ICD-Testung eine mangelhafte Defibrillationsfunktion. Nach Revision oder Austausch einer Systemkomponente zeigte der ICD-Test stets eine effektive Defibrillation. Bei 16 ICD-Testen (1,9%) traten Komplikationen auf. Am häufigsten waren unnötige Schocks (n = 10; 1,2 %). Am schwerwiegendsten waren passagere neurologische Symptome bei vier Patienten (0,48%). Somit führen postoperative Überprüfungen der Defibrillationsfunktion implantierter Defibrillatoren selten zu therapierelevanten Erkenntnissen. Routinemäßig erscheinen die für den Patienten belastenden und nicht komplikationsfreien Tests verzichtbar, wenn nach einer Überprüfung der Sensing-Signale bei Sinusrhythmus, der Schrittmacherreizschwelle und der Röntgen-Thoraxbilder keine Hinweise auf eine Systemdysfunktion bestehen und intraoperativ eine Defibrillationsschwelle mit einem ausreichenden Sicherheitsabstand bestand. Nach Aufsättigung mit einem Klasse-1- oder Klasse-III-Antiarrhythmikum sollte die Defibrillationsfunktion durch einen erneuten Test sichergestellt werden.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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