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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carboplatin toxic effects on the peripheral nervous system of the rat (1998)
    Springer
    Annals of oncology 9 (1998), S. 443-447 
    Details
    ISSN: 1569-8041
    Keywords: carboplatin ; neurophysiology ; neurotoxicity ; pathology ; rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: The most striking of carboplatin's advantages (CBDCA) over cisplatin (CDDP) is its markedly reduced rate of neurotoxic effects. However, the use of CBDCA higher-intensity schedules and the association with other neurotoxic drugs in polychemotherapy may cause some concern about its safety with respect to peripheral nervous system damage. Materials and methods: Two different schedules of CBDCA administration (10 mg/kg and 15 mg/kg i.p. twice a week for nine times) were evaluated in Wistar rats. Neurotoxicity was assessed for behavioral (tail-flick test), neurophysiological (nerve conduction velocity in the tail nerve), morphological, morphometrical and analytical effects. Results: CBDCA administration induced dose-dependent peripheral neurotoxicity. Pain perception and nerve conduction velocity in the tail were significantly impaired, particularly after the high-dose treatment. The dorsal root ganglia sensory neurons and, to a lesser extent, satellite cells showed the same changes as those induced by CDDP, mainly affecting the nucleus and nucleolus of ganglionic sensory neurons. Moreover, significant amounts of platinum were detected in the dorsal root ganglia and kidney after CBDCA treatment. Conclusions: CBDCA is neurotoxic in our model, and the type of pathological changes it induces are so closely similar to those caused by CDDP that it is probable that neurotoxicity is induced in the two drugs by the same mechanism. This model can be used alone or in combination with other drugs to explore the effect of CBDCA on the peripheral nervous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008231925889
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphometric study of the sensory neuron and peripheral nerve changes induced by chronic cisplatin (DDP) administration in rats (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 84 (1992), S. 364-371 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Cisplatin ; Spinal ganglia ; Peripheral neuropathy ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We performed a morphological, morphometric and toxicological study on the spinal ganglia and peripheral nerves of the rat after chronic administration of cisplatin (cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum II; DDP) with two different schedules. Severe damage of the spinal ganglia neurons was demonstrated with predominant involvement of the nucleus and nucleolus associated with a decrease in the cell size. Morphological and morphometric changes also occurred in the sciatic and peroneal nerves with the features of axonopathy. All these changes were more marked in the group of rats which underwent the most intense DDP treatment and the tissue platinum concentrations were also higher in this group. This experimental model is the first available for chronic DDP administration in which concomitant spinal ganglia and peripheral nerve damage has been confirmed pathologically. Our study supports the hypothesis that DDP-induced peripheral nerve fiber degeneration may result from nuclear and nucleolar changes in the sensory ganglion cell perikaryon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00227662
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A golgi study of the periaqueductal gray matter in the cat. Neuronal types and their distribution (1985)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 58 (1985), S. 318-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Midbrain ; Periaqueductal gray matter(PAG) ; Cytoarchitecture ; Neuronal types
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In Golgi material, the neurons of the periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) of the cat have been classified into five types, according to the following criteria: number of dendrites per cell, characteristics of secondary arborization, frequency of spines and axon caliber. Type 1 cells, which are multipolar and rich in spines are the most frequent, and are probably intranuclear neurons. Type 4 cells have a short axon which ends in the PAG, but they differ from Type 1 in that their dendritic ramification is of a different type and there are few spines. Type 2 and 3 neurons have a thick axon which runs outside the PAG, and dendrites rich in spines. Type 2 cells have more primary dendrites, while Type 3 neurons have dendrites which may spread outside the PAG. Type 5 cells have dendrites with few spines and no secondary ramification. Their thick and long axon projects outside the PAG. Type 2, 3 and 5 cells have been considered projective neurons. The various neuron types are present in every area of the PAG, although in the ventral region there is a predominance of Type 2 and 5 neurons, in the dorsal regions of Type 2 and 3 cells, and in lateral regions of Type 3 and 5 cells. Local intrinsic circuits have been observed in which both the interneurons and the projective, with early axonic collaterals, are involved. The prevalence of neurons to which an afferent role has been attributed (Type 2 and 3 cells) compared with efferent cells (Type 5), is in agreement with hodological studies which indicate that the PAG receives multiple and numerous afferents in comparison with the relatively scarce efferent fibers. These projections can be intensely and deeply elaborated and modulated by means of local intrinsic circuits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235313
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Post-anoxic action myoclonus (Lance-Adams syndrome) treated with levodopa and gabaergic drugs (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 223 (1980), S. 67-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Post-anoxic action myoclonus ; Lance-Adams syndrome ; Levodopa ; Gaba ; Bacoflen ; Antiepileptic drugs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Beschrieben wird ein Fall von postanoxicher Myoklonie, der durch L-Dopa, Gaba und Bacoflen fast völlig unter Kontrolle gebracht werden konnte. Antiepileptische Medikamente scheinen nicht wirksam zu sein.
    Notes: Summary A case of post-anoxic action myoclonus is reported in which a very good control of the myoclonic jerks was achieved with levodopa, gaba and bacoflen, while the antiepileptic drugs did not seem to be useful.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00313141
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrophysiological findings in workers exposed to n-heptane fumes (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 222 (1979), S. 135-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: N-heptane ; Polyneuropathy ; Nerve conduction velocity ; Muscle action potential ; Amplitude desynchronisation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei einer Gruppe von Personen die aus beruflichen Gründen n-heptan Dämpfen ausgesetzt sind, haben wir eine elektrophysiologische Untersuchung des Peroneus-Nerven durchgeführt. Die Resultate zeigen daß dieser Kohlenwasserstoff wahrscheinlich spezifisch einen geringfügigen Schaden des Nerven verursacht.
    Notes: Summary Electrophysiological examination of the peroneal nerve was performed in a group of individuals exposed for professional reasons to vapours of n-heptane. The results suggest a probably specific rôle of this hydrocarbon compound in provoking “minimal” peripheral nerve damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00313007
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ataxic hemiparesis syndrome: clinical and CT study of 20 new cases and review of the literature (1986)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 7 (1986), S. 51-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Ataxia ; hemiparesis ; CT scan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Venti nuovi casi di emiparesi atassica sono stati osservati e confrontati con casi della letteratura. L'emiparesi atassica può conseguire a lesioni del tronco cerebrale o delle strutture sovratentoriali laddove le fibre motorie decorrono insieme alle vie cerebro-cerebellari. I quadri clinici osservati non consentono pertanto di identificare specifiche sindromi caratterizzate da danni anatomici comuni. Per quanto l'infarto ischemico ne sia di gran lunga la causa più frequente, l'emiparesi atassica è riportata anche in presenza di lesioni emorragiche, neoplastiche e demielinizzanti.
    Notes: Abstract 20 new cases of ataxic hemiparesis syndrome (AHS) are reported and the findings compared with those of published cases. AHS may be due to lesions either of the brainstem or of supratentorial structures, where motor fibers run together with the cerebro-cerebellar pathways. Specific syndromes related to the lesion site cannot be identified from the clinical signs. Ischemic infarct is the most frequent cause of the syndrome, but hemorrhagic, neoplastic and demyelinating lesions have also been reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02230417
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vasculitic neuropathy in panarteritis nodosa: Clinical and ultrastructural findings (1986)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 7 (1986), S. 265-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Panarteritis nodosa ; mononeuritis multiplex
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario È noto l'interessamento del sistema nervoso periferico nella panarterite nodosa; gli aspetti istologici però sono ancora poco conosciuti. Si descrivono gli aspetti bioptici a carico del nervo, muscolo e cute in un paziente affetto da mononeurite multipla da panarterite nodosa. I dati sono stati paragonati in altri tipi di neuropatie vasculitiche.
    Notes: Abstract Clinical involvement of the peripheral nervous system in panarteritis nodosa is common, but the histological aspects are little known. We describe the sural nerve, muscle and skin biopsy findings in a patient with panarteritis nodosa, affected by mononeuritis multiplex. The data are compared to those reported in other types of vasculitis neuropathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02230892
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative analysis of the neuronal population of the red nucleus of the cat (1981)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 2 (1981), S. 43-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Red nucleus ; cat ; magnocellular part ; parvocellular part
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Vi è buona evidenza in letteratura che la presenza di due componenti, magno-e parvo-cellulare, nel Nucleo Rosso dei mammiferi è correlabile con parti funzionalmente differenti. Sfortunatamente nel gatto, la specie maggiormente studiata sia fisiologicamente che anatomicamente, mancano criteri morfologici di distinzione fra le due parti. Applicando tecniche quantitative su preparati Nissl, è stata studiata la popolazione cellulare del Nucleo Rosso in sezioni seriate lungo l'asse rostro-caudale del mesencefalo. Mediante una analisi statistico-matematica dei dati raccolti si è potuto dimostrare con un ottimo livello di significatività un piano orizzontale di divisione in due parti del nucleo. Questo piano risulta posto fra i due terzi caudali ed il terzo rostrale del nucleo. Pur riconoscendo due parti distinte nel modello ottenuto, non è però possibile assegnare a ciascuna di esse un tipo esclusivo di elemento cellulare, sia considerando la forma sia considerando la dimensione dei neuroni.
    Notes: Abstract There is strong evidence in the literature for a correlation between the two parts of the red nucleus, magnocellular and parvocellular, and different functions. Unfortunately in the cat, the species most studied both physiologically and anatomically, there are no morphological criteria distinguishing the two portions. With quantitative techniques applied to Nissl preparations the neuronal population of the Red Nucleus has been studied in serial sections along the rostrocaudal axis of the mesencephalon of the cat. Statistical analysis of the data revealed a horizontal plane dividing the two portions of the nucleus with a high statistical significance level. This plane lies between the caudal two-thirds and the rostral third of the nucleus. Although in the model two portions can be distinguished, it is not possible to assign to either a single type of neuron, whether or considered in terms of shape or size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02351686
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endoneural vessel involvement in hypothyroidism (1987)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 8 (1987), S. 259-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Hypothyroidism ; peripheral neuropathy ; sural nerve ; endoneural vessels
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Sono state studiate al microscopio ottico ed elettronico le biopsie del nervo surale di due pazienti affette da i-potiroidismo, con storie cliniche differenti in quanto, mentre in un caso era presente una polineuropatia conclamata, nel secondo non vi erano segni di interessamento nervoso periferico. Poiché in entrambi i casi sono state messe in evidenza solo differenze quantitative nell'entità delle lesioni riscontrate a carico dei vasi dell'endonervio, si formula l'ipotesi che la neuropatia sia secondaria all'interessamento vascolare.
    Notes: Abstract Light-microscope findings and pathological ultrastructural changes in sural nerve biopsies from two patients affected by hypothyroidism, one with overt signs of peripheral neuropathy, the other asymptomatic, were studied. In both patients the endoneural vessels showed clear pathological changes similar to those of other metabolic neuropathies, but more marked in the symptomatic patient. It is proposed that the changes observed in the nerve fibers in hypothyroid neuropathy are secondary to changes in the endothelial cells and in the vessel wall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02337484
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyneuropathy secondary to ciguatoxin poisoning (1988)
    Springer
    Neurological sciences 9 (1988), S. 491-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Demyelinating polyneuropathy ; ciguatoxin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario In seguito all'ingestione di pesce marino nella regione indocinese una paziente accusò disturbi gastroenterici e neurologici, caratterizzati da una grave polineuropatia demielinizzante prevalentemente motoria, che si aggravò al ritorno in Italia nei giorni successivi. Il quadro clinico, l'elettromiografia, l'esame liquorale e la biopsia del nervo surale con studio in microscopia elettronica hanno consentito di attribuire la polineuropatia alla intossicazione da ciguatossina.
    Notes: Abstract Following ingestion of marine fish in Thailand this patient complained of gastrointestinal and neurological disturbances, marked by severe, mainly motor, demyelinating polyneuropathy, which worsened on her return to Italy a few days later. The clinical pattern, electromyography, cerebrospinal fluid test and sural nerve biopsy by electronmicroscopy permitted the diagnosis of polyneuropathy secondary to ciguatoxin poisoning.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02337168
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