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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of saframycins. IX. - An efficient synthesis of the ABC ring of safracins.
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Tetrahedron 50 (1994), S. 3915-3928 
    Details
    ISSN: 0040-4020
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0040-4020(01)89667-8
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Controllability of convective heat transfer of magnetic fluid in a circular tube
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 122 (1993), S. 297-300 
    Details
    ISSN: 0304-8853
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0304-8853(93)91095-O
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demonstration of polyclonal origin of giant fibroadenoma of the breast (1995)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 427 (1995), S. 343-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Giant fibroadenoma ; Phyllodes tumor ; Clonality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have shown that fibroadenoma of the breast is polyclonal and that phyllodes tumour is monoclonal in origin. It is not known whether a giant fibroadenoma which is histologically identical to the more usual type of fibroadenoma but grows to be a huge mass, like a phyllodes tumour, is polyclonal or monoclona. Clonal analysis was conducted on the DNA samples extracted from the paraffin sections of a giant fibroadenoma resected from a 21-year-old woman. The method used was based on trinucleotide repeat polymorphism of the X-chromosome-linked androgen receptor gene and on random inactivation of the gene by methylation. Clonal analysis showed that the giant fibroadenoma and the adjacent normal breast tissue are polyclonal in origin. Although the term giant fibroadenoma has often been used interchangeably with the term benign phyllodes tumour, because of their similarity in clinical appearance, our present results demonstrate that a giant fibroadenoma is a polyclonal fibroadenoma that has attained an immense size and is different from the monoclonal phyllodes tumour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00203403
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Redundancy reducing processes in single neurons (1984)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 50 (1984), S. 157-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Interaction mechanisms between excitatory and inhibitory impulse sequences operating on neurons play an important role for the processing of information by the nervous system. For instance, the convergence of excitatory and inhibitory influences on retinal ganglion cells to form their receptive fields has been taken as an example for the process of neuronal sharpening by lateral inhibition. In order to analyze quantitatively the functional behavior of such a system, Shannon's entropy method for multiple access channels has been applied to biological two-inputs-one-output systems using the theoretical model developed by Tsukada et al. (1979). Here we give an extension of this procedure from the point of view to reduce redundancy of information in the input signal space of single neurons and attempt to obtain a new interpretation for the information processing of the system. The concept for the redundancy reducing mechanism in single neurons is examined and discussed for the following two processes. The first process is concerned with a signal space formed by superposing two random sequences on the input of a neuron. In this process, we introduce a coding technique to encode the inhibitory sequence by using the timing of the excitatory sequence, which is closely related to an encoding technique of multiple access channels with a correlated source (Marko, 1966, 1970, 1973; Slepian and Wolf, 1973) and which is an invariant transformation in the input signal space without changing the information contents of the input. The second process is concerned with a procedure of reducing redundant signals in the signal space mentioned before. In this connection, it is an important point to see how single neurons reduce the dimensionality of the signal space via transformation with a minimum loss of effective information. For this purpose we introduce the criterion that average transmission of information from signal space to the output does not change when redundant signals are added. This assumption is based on the fact that two signals are equivalent if and only if they have identical input-output behavior. The mechanism is examined and estimated by using a computer-simulated model. As the result of such a simulation we can estimate the minimal segmentation in the signal space which is necessary and sufficient for temporal pattern sensitivity in neurons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00340023
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of temperature-dependent fluid properties on heat transfer due to an axisymmetric impinging gas jet normal to a flat surface (1990)
    Springer
    Heat and mass transfer 25 (1990), S. 145-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1181
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Wärmeübertragung durch einen auf eine flache Oberfläche gleichförmiger Temperatur achsensymmetrisch auftreffenden Gasstrahl wird numerisch unter Berücksichtigung der Temperaturabhängigkeit der physikalischen Eigenschaften von Fluiden untersucht. Die numerischen Lösungen werden für die Reynoldschen Strahlzahlen von 200 bis 2000, für die Abstände vom Düsenmund zur Oberfläche vom 1- bis 4-fachen des Düsenstrahldurchmessers und für Helium-4, Luft und Kohlendioxyd erhalten. Die Wirkungen der Temperaturabhängigkeiten von Fluideigenschaften werden unter Verwendung verschiedener Bezugstemperaturen und einer Viskositätskorrekturmethode untersucht. Ausgehend von der Lösung für konstante Stoffwerte wird eine Methode zur Schätzung der Werte der lokalen Nusseltzahl für temperaturabhängige Fluide vorgeschlagen.
    Notes: Abstract Heat transfer due to an axisymmetric laminar gas jet impinging onto a flat solid surface of uniform temperature is studied numerically, taking into account the temperature dependence of all fluid physical properties. Numerical solutions are obtained for the jet Reynolds numbers 200–2000, jet mouth-to-surface distances 1–4 times the jet nozzle diameter, and for helium-4, air, and carbon dioxide. Effects of the temperature dependence of the fluid properties are investigated using various kinds of reference temperatures and a viscosity correction method. A method of estimating the values of the local Nusselt number for temperature-dependent fluid from the constant-property solutions is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01590145
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Imaging evaluation of infants with neuroblastoma detected by VMA screening spot test (1988)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 18 (1988), S. 479-482 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the Saitama prefecture in Japan, VMA (vanillyl manderic acid) screening spot test for detection of neuroblastoma has been performed in 173,046 infants in the years 1981–1986 and 15 infants were found to have neuroblastoma. Two infants had mediastinal tumors and the remainder 13 had intra-abdominal tumors. Only 7 infants had palpable masses. Although CT was documented to be the best imaging procedure to provide sufficient information for treatment, conventional radiographic examinations of the chest and abdomen, and abdominal ultrasonography were able, as initial imaging procedures, to detect reasonably small neuroblastomas in infants with a positive VMA screening test.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00974084
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Association of idiopathic hypopituitarism and syringomyelia (1995)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 25 (1995), S. 252-253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The magnetic resonance in an 8-year-old boy with hypopituitarism and cervical syringomyelia are presented. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain clearly demonstrated syringomyelia in the cervical spinal cord and transection of the pituitary stalk, findings identical to those reported in the literature. Both disorders have been seen in association with a difficult labor, so we suggest that this is not a chance finding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02011089
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased CT density of the liver due to cis-diaminedichloro platinum (II) (1987)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 17 (1987), S. 75-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Unusually increased CT density of the liver parenchyma after administration of cis-diaminedichloro platinum (II) (CDDP) is presented. This patient has neither a history of blood transfusion nor of iron overload. Therefore, CDDP which includes the heavy metal, Platinum, in its molecule was considered to be the only agent responsible for increasing the CT density.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02386603
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MR imaging of a subglottic hemangioma (1995)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 25 (1995), S. 235-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a case of an infant with subglottic hemangioma clearly demonstrated by MR imaging.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02021547
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unilateral perihilar opacification caused by lightning (1993)
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 23 (1993), S. 559-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The chest radiographs of two children struck by lightning showed right perihilar opacification. The radiographs were taken 2 h and 5 h after the event respectively. To our knowledge no similar cases have been reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02012152
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