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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Production of the mycotoxin, patulin, by immobilized cells ofPenicillium urticae was chosen as a model system to study the formation of secondary metabolites on a long term basis. Spores of the fungus were immobilized in carrageenan beads and allowed to germinate in situ by incubation in a growth medium. Production of the antibiotic by the populated biocatalyst was then followed in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) under three different regimes of nutrient feed. Using a nitrogen free feed, antibiotic production gradually declined but the cells could be re-activated by addition of a diluted growth medium. Prolonged production of patulin (up to 440 h) was observed when a source of nitrogen (ie. yeast extract) was supplied to the feed medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Relatively high levels of nutrients and low levels of waste products were maintained in cultures of hybridoma cells by dialysis against growth medium supplemented with fetal calf serum (FCS). This resulted in a greater than ten fold increase in cell density and monoclonal antibody titre compared to conventional batch cultures. Exclusion of FCS from the dialysing growth medium resulted in cell death, indicating that a low molecular weight serum component was necessary for growth. This study indicates that nutrient depletion limits hybridoma cell growth in conventional batch culture and also provides a simple and economical means of producing relatively high titre monoclonal antibody in vitro.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bioprocess engineering 17 (1997), S. 151-156 
    ISSN: 0178-515X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The oxygenation capabilities of a new generation three phase – two region 1200 l bioreactor employed for the cultivation of anchorage dependent animal cells were investigated experimentally. A mathematical model has also been developed that explains qualitatively the observed oxygenation characteristics. This type of bioreactor, that uses microcarrier support particles, has two distinct mesh-separated regions so that the air bubbles in the oxygenation region do not come into contact with the microcarriers in the cell (bubble-free) region. Implications on achievable maximum cell densities are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 39 (1992), S. 305-313 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: inoculation protocol ; anchorage-dependent cells ; microcarriers ; initial cell attachment ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The environmental conditions under which anchorage-dependent mammalian cells are grown are not necessarily those under which a culture should be initiated. Cell attachment is a physical process, and those factors which affect forces involved in cell attachment differ from the biological factors which affect cell growth. We have conducted an extensive experimental study to define clearly the optimal environmental conditions for MRC-5 cell attachment onto microcarriers. These inoculation conditions are particularly important when the serial propagation of mammalian cells on microcarriers is considered as in a human vaccine production process. The conditions which were investigated are: initial serum content (% v/v), initial pH, inoculation level (cells/bead), agitation rate (rpm), and the concentration of microcarriers (g/L). The initial distribution of attached cells was found to have a significant affect on the overall efficiency of anchorage-dependent cell cultures, and was used to evaluate attachment efficiency. Based on the experimental results, we propose an optimized protocol for the inoculation of microcarrier cultures.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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