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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 24 (1952), S. 1120-1122 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Human growth hormone ; Exophthalmic goiter ; Autonomous adenoma of thyroid ; Hypophysis ; Shifting mechanism ; Endocrine regulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde der HGH-Serumspiegel nach Insulinstimulation bei Patienten mit Morbus Basedow, Patienten mit dekompensierten autonomen toxischen Adenomen der Schilddrüse mit Überfunktion und bei normalen Kontrollpersonen radioimmunologisch vor und verschieden lange Zeiten nach chirurgischer und/oder Radiojodbehandlung untersucht. Patienten mit prädiabetischer oder diabetischer Stoffwechsellage und Patienten mit malignen Tumoren wurden ausgeschlossen. Dabei wurden folgende Ergebnisse gefunden: 1. Bei Patienten mit Morbus Basedow ist der Anstieg des HGH-Serumspiegels nach Insulinstimulation im Vergleich zu normalen Kontrollpersonen signifikant vermindert. Nach Behandlung des Morbus Basedow findet sich folgendes Verhalten: Bei Erreichen der euthyreoten Stoffwechsellage jedoch Fortbestehen der Autonomie der Schilddrüse und gesteigertem intrathyreoidalem Jodumsatz ist dieser verminderte Anstieg des HGH-Serumspiegels nach Insulin immer noch nachweisbar. Liegt hingegen der intrathyreoidale Jodumsatz im Bereich der Norm und ist der Trijodthyroninsuppressionstest positiv, wie dies bei einem Teil der erfolgreich behandelten Patienten etwa 5 Jahre nach Behandlung der Fall war, so steigt der HGH-Serumspiegel nach Insulingabe normal an. 2. Bei dekompensierten toxischen autonomen Adenomen der Schilddrüse mit Überfunktion ist der Anstieg des HGH-Serumspiegels nach Insulinstimulation verglichen mit normalen Kontrollpersonen signifikant erhöht. Drei bis vier Monate nach erfolgreicher Radiojodbehandlung ist der Anstieg des HGH-Serumspiegels nach Insulin geringer als bei normalen Kontrollpersonen. Bei diesen Patienten lag euthyreoter Stoffwechsel mit beginnender Reaktivierung des normalen Schilddrüsenparenchyms vor. Ist längere Zeit (1–2 Jahre) nach Behandlung kein Restadenom mehr nachweisbar und die normale Schilddrüse voll reaktiviert, so findet sich nach Insulinstimulation ein normaler Anstieg des HGH-Serumspiegels. Diese Ergebnisse werden im Zusammenhang mit der unterschiedlichen Pathogenese beider Krankheitsbilder sowie dem sog. shifting-Mechanismus diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary Plasma human growth hormone (HGH) levels were measured after insulin stimulation in patients with exophthalmic goiter (morbus Basedow), decompensated toxic autonomous adenoma with hyperthyreosis and in healthy volunteers. Patients with prediabetes, diabetes, and with malignant tumours were excluded. Results: (a) The increase of serum HGH after insulin stimulation is significantly lower in patients with exophthalmic goiter as compared to healthy controls. After treatment (radioiodine and/or surgery) the following results were obtained: When the euthyroid metabolism is reestablished, but with intrathyroidal iodine turnover still elevated and autonomous functioning of the thyroid, a significantly diminished HGH increase in the serum after insulin stimulation still persists. When euthyroid metabolism is reestablished and the radioiodine turnover normalised, the thyroid suppressible by triiodothyronin, the increase of serum HGH levels after insulin stimulation returns to normal. (b) In patients with decompensated toxic autonomous adenomata of the thyroid, the increase of serum HGH after insulin stimulation is significantly greater than in healthy controls. Three to four months after effective treatment with radioiodine, a significantly lower increase of serum HGH is observed than in healthy controls. In these cases we found euthyroid metabolism and a beginning reactivation of normal thyroid tissue. One to two years after an effective treatment with radioiodine, the thyroid is functioning normally without any signs of the former adenoma: in these patients, the increase in serum HGH is normal after insulin stimulation. These results are discussed in connection with the pathogenetic mechanisms of the two illnesses and the so-called shifting mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Thyrotropin-Releasing-Factor ; Threotropin ; Thyroid gland ; Hypophysis ; Hypothalamus ; Endocrine regulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Zur Aufstellung eines einfachen Untersuchungsschemas des Hypothalamo-Hypophysen-Schilddrüsensystems wurde die Dosis-Wirkungskurve peroral applizierten TSH-freisetzenden Hormones (TRH) im Radiojod-Dreiphasenstudium ermittelt. 2. 10 mg TRF peroral bewirken bei etwa 30% gesunder Versuchspersonen einen deutlichen Anstieg der Radiojod-Aufnahme. 20 mg TRF peroral führt bei allen Versuchspersonen zu einem deutlichen Anstieg der Radiojod-Aufnahme, während das Gesamtthyroxin im Serum im Mittel sich nicht signifikant verändert. Nach 40 mg TRF peroral erfolgt der maximale Anstieg der Radiojod-Aufnahme. Nach 40 mg TRF peroral beginnt das Gesamtthyroxin im Serum etwas anzusteigen und erreicht den maximalen Anstieg nach etwa 140 mg. Diese Dosis-Wirkungsbeziehung ermöglicht neben der Messung der hypophysären TSH-Reserve eine getrennte Messung der thyreoidalen Jod-Aufnahme-Reserve und der Sekretionsreserve. 3. Auf Grund dieser Ergebnisse wird folgendes Untersuchungsschema vorgeschlagen: Nach dem üblichen Radiojodstudium Applikation von 20 mg TRF peroral. Am nächsten Tag erneute Radiojod-Applikation und Messung der 2 h Radiojodaufnahme. Danach Applikation von 140 mg TRF peroral über 2 Tage und Messung des Gesamtthyroxins im Serum sowie der 48 h Radiojod-Aufnahme. 4. Trijodthyroninbelastung (60 µg täglich über 14 Tage) bewirkt eine deutliche Hemmung des TRF-Effektes. 5. Die Anwendungsmöglichkeiten dieser Untersuchung bei verschiedenen Störungen im Hypothalamus-Hypophysen-Schilddrüsensystem werden diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary The effect of orally administered thyrotropin-releasing-factor (TRF) on thyroid and hypophyseal function in the radioiodine-three-phase test was investigated in healthy volunteers. The following dose-effect relationship was found: (a) In only 30% of healthy controls did 10 mg TRF orally result in an increase of thyroidal radioiodine uptake. (6) 20 mg TRF results nearly always in a distinct increase of thyroidal radioiodine uptake, whereas the total serum thyroxine (T-4) remains unchanged. This increase of thyroidal radioiodine uptake is maximal after 80 mg TRF. (c) A signifikant increase of T-4 is measurable after 80 mg TRF. The elevation of T-4 is maximal after 140 mg TRF. These results show a dose related thyrotropin secretion due to TRF. Small doses have an effect on radioiodine uptake only, greater doses induce T-4 secretion too. This fact allows the selective testing of thyroidal uptake—and secretory reserve as well as measurement of hypophyseal sensitivity and thyrotropin reserve. Possible applications of TRF in the diagnostic of the hypothalamo-hypophyseo-thyreoideal system are discussed. The small dose and the maximal dose can be administered in one radioiodine test: after oral application of 20 mg TRF (at least 8 hours before investigation) measurement of the two hour radioiodine uptake, thereafter, further administration of 120 mg over two days and then measurement of 48 h radioidine uptake and analysis of serum thyroxine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Marine biology 7 (1970), S. 59-70 
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Die untersuchten Enzymaktivitäten der Muskulatur des Bitterlings Rhodeus amarus Bloch können von der Lage des Muskels abhängen, vom Alter und Geschlecht des Versuchstieres und von der Tages- und Jahreszeit. 2. Die Abhängigkeitskurve der Ganztieratmung von R. amarus von der Adaptationstemperatur (Versuchstemperatur 22°C) zeigt bei tieferen Temperaturen keinen Einfluß der Adaptationstemperatur, bei hohen dagegen eine Adaptation im Sinne einer Kompensation. 3. Die Abhängigkeitskurven der untersuchten Enzyme von der Adaptationstemperatur weisen einen sehr unterschiedlichen Verlauf auf, der kaum eine Zuordnung zu bestimmten Typen zuläßt. 4. Plötzliche oder langsame Änderungen der Adaptationstemperatur (Erhöhung bzw. Erniedrigung) führen in den ersten Tagen zu mehr oder weniger ausgeprägten Schwankungen der Enzymaktivitäten. Erst später pendelt sich im Vollzuge der Leistungsadaptation ein neues Gleichgewicht ein, das jedoch labil bleibt. Wahrscheinlich wirkt jede äderung der Temperatur (auch im Normalbereich) als Stress; dieser Umstand muß bei der Messung der Abhängigkeit der Lebensprozesse von der Versuchstemperatur berücksichtigt werden. 5. Bei der überführung von R. amarus in hohe Temperaturen (30°C) kann die neue Gleichgewichtseinstellung der Enzymaktivität beeinträchtigt werden, ein Sachverhalt, der für den Grad der Hitzeresistenz bedeutsam sein mag.
    Notes: Abstract The enzyme activities estimated in the muscles of Rhodeus amarus (Bloch) may vary according to the kind of muscle, age and sex of the test individuals, as well as with the time of day, and the season. Oxygen consumption of individuals acclimated to different temperatures was tested at 22°C. At low adaptation temperatures no adaptation was found; at high adaptation temperatures, however, compensation could be ascertained. In view of the considerable fluctuation of the enzyme activities, estimated from individuals adapted to different temperatures, a relation to certain adaptation types, established by Precht (1961b, 1968), is hardly possible. During the first days following sudden or slow changes of adaptation temperature (increase or decrease) more or less marked fluctuations of enzyme activities were obtained. Later, however, in accordance with the proceeding adaptation, a new, labile balance was established. Temperature changes represent a physiological stress even within normal temperature ranges. This fact requires general attention in studies on biological processes. Disturbance of a newly established balance of enzyme activities can be obtained, when test fishes are exposed to high temperatures. This finding may be of importance in regard to the heat resistance of the animals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Manuscripta mathematica 14 (1974), S. 223-234 
    ISSN: 1432-1785
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Let G be a finite undirected graph without loops and multiple edges. A graph is called “unterringfrei”, if there is no induced subgraph being a cycle of length⩾4. This note shows that the chromatic polynomial of such a graph does only have positive integers as its roots. Conversely all polynomials with only positive integral roots are the chromatic polynomials of such graphs under the slight restriction that M(G;α)=0 implies that M(G;β)=0 for α〉β⩾0.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 128 (1981), S. 294-298 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Acetobacterium woodii ; Clostridium aceticum ; Mixotrophic growth ; H2 utilization ; CO2 fixation ; H2 inhibition of chemoorganotrophic growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract During growth of Acetobacterium woodii on fructose, glucose or lactate in a medium containing less than 0.04% bicarbonate, molecular hydrogen was evolved up to 0.1 mol per mol of substrate. Under an H2-atmosphere growth of A. woodii with organic substrates was completely inhibited whereas under an H2/CO2-atmosphere rapid growth occurred. Under these conditions H2+CO2 and the organic substrate were utilized simultaneously indicating that A. woodii was able to grow mixotrophically. Clostridium aceticum differed from A. woodii in that H2 was only evolved in the stationary phase, that the inhibition by H2 was observed at pH 8.5 but not at pH 7.5, anf that in the presence of fructose and H2+CO2 only fructose was utilized. The hydrogenase activity of fructose-grown cells of C. aceticum amounted to only 12% of that of H2+CO2-grown cells. With A. woodii a corresponding decrease of the activity of this enzyme was not observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Aromatic compounds ; 2-Aminobenzoic acid ; Benzoic acid ; Anaerobic degradation ; Pseudomonas sp ; Anthranilic acid ; Denitrification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The growth of a denitrifying Pseudomonas strain on benzoic acid and 2-aminobenzoic acid (anthranilic acid) has been studied. The organism grew aerobically on benzoate, 2-aminobenzoate, and gentisate, but not on catechol or protocatechuic acid. These and other findings suggest that aerobic degradation of benzoic acid was via gentisic acid. Under completely anaerobic conditions in the presence of nitrate, benzoate and 2-aminobenzoate (5 mM each) were oxidized to CO2 with the concurrent reduction of NO 3 - to NO 2 - . Only after complete NO 3 - consumption was NO 2 - reduced to N2. Cells contained a NADP-specific 2-oxoglutaate dehydrogenase, in contrast to a NAD-specific pyruvate dehydrogenase. During anaerobic metabolism of [carboxyl-14C]benzoic acid, 16% of the label of metabolized benzoic acid was incorporated into cell material; this excludes intermediary decarboxylation during anaerobic metabolism. Extracts catalysed the activation of benzoic acid and a variety of its derivatives to the respective aryl-coenzyme A thioesters, ATP being cleaved to AMP and PPi; two synthetase activites were present. Extracts from 2-aminobenzoate-grown cells catalyzed a NADH-dependent reduction of 2-aminobenzoyl-CoA (100 nmol·min-1·mg-1 cell protein) to an unidentified CoA thioester, with a stoichiometric release of NH3 and a stoichiometry of ≈ 3 mol NADH oxidized per mol 2-aminobenzyol-CoA reduced when tested under aerobic conditions. The 2-aminobenzoyl-CoA reductase activity was lacking in anaerobic benzoate-grown cells and in aerobic cells. This is taken as evidence that 2-aminobenzoyl-CoA reductase is a key enzyme in a novel reductive pathway of anaerobic 2-aminobenzoic acid metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Berlin : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie. 37:9 (1989) 834 
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 52 (1945), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 54 (1947), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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