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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 656 (1992), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Social Science & Medicine 31 (1990), S. 1127-1134 
    ISSN: 0277-9536
    Keywords: blue-collar workers ; ischemic heart disease ; job insecurity ; social epidemiology ; status inconsistency ; work pressure
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: in situ catalysis ; propylene hydrogenation ; STM ; SFG
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Sum frequency generation (SFG), using non-linear laser optics, detects vibrational spectra of submonolayer amounts of adsorbates with excellent energy and time resolution. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STM) is sensitive to the atomic surface structure; readily imaging defects, steps and kinks as well as stationary adsorbed species. Both of these techniques can be used during reactions at high pressures and temperatures to obtain molecular information in situ. We report studies of propylene hydrogenation over Pt(111) crystal surfaces at atmospheric pressures and 300 K using SFG and STM. Four surface species (2-propyl, π-bonded propylene, di σ-bonded propylene, and propylidyne) were identified; the first two being implicated as reaction intermediates. The platinum surface structure remains unchanged during the reaction, consistent with the structure insensitive nature of olefin hydrogénation. Propylene decomposition induced substantial surface reconstruction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Coronary heart disease ; Epidemiology ; China ; Japan ; Germany
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In Asia coronary heart disease mortality is almost 10 fold less frequent than in European countries. These findings attract interest to search for different risk factor patterns. From 1982 to 1985 epidemiologic surveys were carried out in China (n=2047), Japan (n=7580) and Germany (n=6052). Healthy, male subjects, aged 30 to 59 years were enrolled. The prevalence rate of hypertension for the Germans was 20% versus 18% for the Japanese, and 11% for the Chinese. About 69% of Chinese, 55% of Japanese, and 37% of Germans were smokers. About 66% of the Germans were overweight (BMI〉25), 17% of the Japanese, and 11% of the Chinese. The highest risk group with cholesterol levels of 〉300 mg/dl included no Chinese subject, 0.1% of the Japanese, but 5% of the Germans. The lipoprotein profiles among the Japanese and the Chinese collectives typically showed antiatherosclerotic characteristics, whereas most Germans exhibited profiles which support development of atherosclerosis. About 36% of the participants from Germany showed 3 or more risk factors accumulated per person (Japan and China 5%). Multifactorial risk factor reduction for Germany is recommended.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Myocardial infarction ; Coronary heart disease ; Cardiovascular diseases ; China ; Risk factors ; Triglycerides ; Hypertension ; Smoking ; Diet ; Lipoproteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Some 2045 male Chinese industrial workers aged 40–59 years living in the city of Wuhan in the People's Republic of China were examined for coronary risk factors in the year 1983. The investigation included a patient history, clinical examination, and ECG and laboratory tests, with special attention to serum lipids. After 5 years, a follow-up investigation of the study group was carried out. The results were compared to the similarly designed German GRIPS project. In comparison to the German population, significantly lower levels for total-, LDL-, and VLDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, triglycerides, uric acid, body mass index, and diastolic blood pressure were found in China. The percentage of smokers, however, was remarkably higher in China than in the Federal Republic of Germany. During the 5 year observation period in the Chinese sample, four subjects suffered from sudden death and four from nonfatal myocardial infarction; in the German study group three times as many fatal myocardial infarction and cases of sudden death and 7.5 times as many nonfatal myocardial infarctions were recorded. Nonfatal coronary heart disease and peripheral vascular disease were also observed less often in China. The incidence of cerebrovascular diseases was 1.5 times higher in China than in Germany. Whereas in Germany, total-, and LDL-cholesterol values were the major distinguishing parameters between infarction and reference groups, in China these values have thus far had no significant influence on the level of risk. Instead in the Chinese incidence group, significantly higher levels for blood pressure, body mass index, uric acid, and the ratio LDL/HDL-cholesterol were found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Thermochimica Acta 121 (1987), S. 223-229 
    ISSN: 0040-6031
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 145 (1997), S. 911-917 
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Lipoprotein (a) ; Kindesalter ; Key words Lipoprotein (a) ; Childhood
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Background: Lipoprotein (a) is an important codominantly inherited risk factor for coronary disease but there is little data about its distribution in childhood. Methods: We measured Lipoprotein (a) plasma levels in 111 healthy children. In 37 of these children we also measured Lipoprotein (a) levels of both parents (family study) and obtained a detailed family history with regard to coronary risk factors. Results: The Lipoprotein (a) plasma level (mean and SD) was 16±20 mg/dl (Median 9 mg/dl). 23 children (20%) had elevated levels (≥30 mg/dl). These children also had significantly elevated total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels. Lipoprotein (a) was significantly correlated to total and LDL-cholesterol (p〈0.0001). Lipoprotein (a) levels were independent of age. In the family study, six children had elevated Lipoprotein (a) levels and in each case the Lipoprotein (a) level of one parent was also elevated. Coronary risk factors (hypertension, smoking, overweight as well as increased levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol or Lipoprotein (a) respectively) were quit prevalent in the participating parents (only 12% of fathers and 28% of mothers were free of risk factor) but with regard to the lipid parameters also in their children. Conclusion: Lipoprotein (a) plasma levels together with LDL-cholesterol levels are early markers of coronary risk. Population screenings for Lipoprotein (a) and LDL-cholesterol in children could help to identify individuals at increased risk already in childhood and to stabilize their LDL-cholesterol early at lower levels, particularly in those with elevated Lipoprotein (a) concentrations.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Hintergrund:Über die Plasmaspiegel des Lipoprotein (a), einem bedeutenden kodominant vererbten Risikofaktor für koronare- und zerebrovaskuläre Erkrankungen, ist bei Kindern wenig bekannt. Methode: Wir untersuchten die Lipoprotein-(a)-Werte bei 111 gesunden Kindern (Altersverlaufstudie), davon in 37 Fällen auch die der jeweiligen Eltern (Familienstudie) und dokumentierten mit Hilfe eines Fragebogens anamnestisch erfaßbare koronare Risikofaktoren. Ergebnisse: Der Mittelwert der Lipoprotein-(a)-Serumkonzentration in der Altersverlaufstudie betrug 16±20 mg/dl (Medianwert 9 mg/dl). Von den untersuchten Kinder hatten 23 (20%) erhöhte Werte (≥30 mg/dl). Dies ging einher mit signifikant erhöhten Mittelwerten für Gesamt- und Low-Density-Lipoprotein-Cholesterin (LDL-Cholesterin) gegenüber der übrigen Population. Es fand sich eine deutlich positive Korrelation zwischen den Lipoprotein-(a)-Werten und den Serumkonzentrationen von Gesamt- bzw. LDL-Cholesterin (p〈0,0001). Vom Lebensalter waren die Lipoprotein-(a)-Werte hingegen unabhängig. In der Familienstudie wiesen 6 Kinder erhöhte Lipoprotein-(a)-Werte (≥30 mg/dl) auf. Bei jedem fand sich auch bei einem Elternteil eine erhöhte Lipoprotein-(a)-Konzentration. Bei 4 weiteren Elternteilen mit erhöhte Lipoprotein-(a)-Werte lagen die Lipoprotein-(a)-Werte des Kinds jedoch im Normalbereich. Die Prävalenz koronarer Risikofaktoren (familiäre Belastung, Hypertonie, Zigarettenrauchen, Übergewicht, Vermehrung von Cholesterin, Triglyzeriden, LDL-Cholesterin oder Lipoprotein (a) im Serum) war besonders bei den untersuchten Eltern (nur 12% der Väter und 28% der Mütter waren frei von diesbezüglichen koronaren Belastungen), hinsichtlich der Fettstoffwechselparameter aber auch bei deren Kindern auffallend hoch. Schlußfolgerung: Lipoprotein (a) eignet sich zusammen mit LDL-Cholesterin als früher Marker zur Erkennung eines Hochrisikokollektivs. Im Rahmen eines generellen Lipid-Screenings bereits im Kindesalter könnten solche Kinder frühzeitig entdeckt werden mit dem Ziel, ihre LDL-Cholesterinwerte kompensatorisch langfristig auf niedrigem Niveau zu stabilisieren.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Vestibulo-ocular reflex ; Unilateral vestibular neurectomy ; Vestibular compensation ; Labyrinth ; Semicircular canal ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The normal horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex (HVOR) is largely generated by simultaneous stimulation of the two horizontal semicircular canals (HSCCs). To determine the dynamics of the HVOR when it is generated by only one HSCC, compensatory eye movements in response to a novel vestibular stimulus were measured using magnetic search coils. The vestibular stimulus consisted of low-amplitude, high-acceleration, passive, unpredictable, horizontal rotations of the head with respect to the trunk. While these so called head “impulses” had amplitudes of only 15–20 degrees with peak velocities up to 250 deg/s, they had peak accelerations up to 3000 deg/s/s. Fourteen humans were studied in this way before and after therapeutic unilateral vestibular neurectomy; 10 were studied 1 week or 1 year afterwards; 4 were studied 1 week and 1 year afterwards. The results from these 14 patients were compared with the results from 30 normal control subjects and with the results from one subject with absent vestibular function following bilateral vestibular neurectomy. Compensatory eye rotation in normal subjects closely mirrored head rotation. In contrast there was no compensatory eye rotation in the first 170 ms after the onset of head rotation in the subject without vestibular function. Before unilateral vestibular neurectomy all the patients' eye movement responses were within the normal control range. One week after unilateral vestibular neurectomy however there was a symmetrical bilateral HVOR deficit. The asymmetry was much more profound than has been shown in any previous studies. The HVOR generated in response to head impulses directed away from the intact side largely by ampullofugal disfacilitation from the single intact HSCC (ignoring for the moment the small contribution to the HVOR from stimulation of the vertical SCCs), was severely deficient with an average gain (eye velocity/head velocity) of 0.25 at 122.5 deg/sec head velocity (normal gain=0.94+/−0.08). In contrast the HVOR generated in response to head impulses directed toward the intact side, largely by ampullopetal excitation from the single intact HSCC, was only mildly (but nonetheless significantly) deficient, with an average gain of 0.80 at 122.5 deg/sec head velocity. At these accelerations there was no significant improvement in the average HVOR velocity gain in either direction over the following year. These results indicate that ampullopetal excitation from one HSCC can, even in the absence of ampullofugal disfacilitation from the opposite HSCC, generate a near normal HVOR in response to high-acceleration stimulation. Furthermore, since ampullofugal disfacilitation on its own, can only generate an inadequate HVOR in response to high-acceleration stimulation, it may under some normal circumstances make little contribution to the bilaterally generated HVOR.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia ; L-asparaginase ; Lipid metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract L-asparaginase is an effective antileukaemic drug and a potent inhibitor of hepatic protein synthesis. Its effect on lipid metabolism was studied in two cohorts of children with ALL, one of whom received L-asparaginase concomitantly with three other drugs (protocol BFM 79). In the second protocol (BFM 83) administration of L-asparaginase was arranged to follow the other three drugs in time sequence. The two major findings of this study were elevated serum levels of total cholesterol and a strong increase in serum triglycerides. The former change was due to an increase in α-cholesterol and could not be attributed to L-asparaginase because it was also found following protocol BFM 83 before the administration of the drug. Elevations of total triglycerides were due to high levels of exogenous chylomicron bound triglycerides and were limited in occurrence almost exclusively to the period of L-asparaginase monotherapy. Hypothyroidism was excluded as a possible pathogenetic mechanism. These changes in lipid metabolism induced by L-asparaginase during intensive remission induction chemotherapy are fully reversible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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