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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 83 (1991), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract: The interaction of lactoferrin (Lf) with Aeromonas hydrophila (n= 28) was tested in a 125I-labeled protein-binding assay. The mean percent binding values for human Lf (HLf) and bovine Lf (BLf) were 13.4±2.0 (SEM), and 17.5±2.7 (SEM), respectively. The Lf binding was characterized in type strain A. hydrophila subsp. hydrophila CCUG 14551. The HLf and BLf binding reached a complete saturation within 2 h. Unlabeled HLf and BLf displaced 125I-HLf binding in a dose-dependent manner, and more effectively by the heterologous (1 μg for 50% inhibition) than the homologous (10 μg for 50% inhibition) ligand. Apo- and holo-forms of HLf and BLf both inhibited more than 80%, while mucin caused approx. 50% inhibition of the HLf binding. Various other proteins (including transferrin) or carbohydrates did not block the binding. Two HLf-binding proteins with an estimated molecular masses of 40 kDa and 30 kDa were identified in a boiled-cell-envelope preparation, while the unboiled cell envelope demonstrated a short-ladder pattern at the top of the separating gel and a second band at approx. 60 kDa position. These data establish a specific interaction of Lf and the Lf-binding proteins seem to be porins in A. hydrophila.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 211 (1989), S. 171-180 
    ISSN: 0027-5107
    Keywords: 4-Quinolones ; DNA repair ; DNA synthesis ; Gene mutation ; Genetic toxicity
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 111 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Human polymorphonuclear and monomorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL and MMNL) were exposed in vitro to 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP, o'I-80 μg/ml) and/or UV-A radiation (o'o3-2 J/cm2) and then analysed for the following functions: chemotaxis, bactericidal activity and proliferation in response to mitogen stimulation. The functions of PMNL became depressed only at a high PUVA dose level (about 20 μg/ml of 8-MOP plus 2 J/cm2 of UV-A), whereas with MMNL chemotaxis was inhibited at I μg/ml of 8-MOP plus 2 J/cm2 of UV-A and lymphocyte proliferation was diminished at 0.1 μg/ml plus 0·1 J/cm2.Since with the MMNL, as compared with the PMNL, a longer time period was present between PUVA exposure and analysis, and since no difference between these cell types in trypan blue exclusion could be seen, the relative sensitivity of the MMNL functions was taken as evidence of DNA damage being a mechanism for the observed PUVA-induced effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 61 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The Moraxella immunoglobulin (Ig) D-binding protein (MID) induces a strong proliferative response in human peripheral blood IgD+ B cells from adults isolated by positive selection using anti-CD19-conjugated microbeads. Here, we show that tonsillar B cells from children isolated with positive selection are unable to respond to MID stimulation. The proliferative response was very low or absent at various concentrations of MID tested and at different time points analysed, whereas the MID response of tonsillar B cells from adults isolated with positive selection was considerably higher. Tonsillar B cells from children isolated with positive selection responded to formalin-fixed preparations of Moraxella catarrhalis and Staphylococcus aureus Cowan strain I. In comparison to cells isolated with positive selection, a much higher proliferative response was recorded in tonsillar B cells from children isolated with negative selection, indicating that occupation of the CD19 molecule (i.e. positive selection) inhibited the response. Indeed, the addition of anti-CD19 monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) to MID-activated tonsillar B cells from children isolated with negative selection strongly inhibited the proliferative response. In contrast, anti-CD21 MoAb at the same concentration did only show a minor inhibition on the MID-induced response. Pre-incubation of tonsillar B cells isolated from children with anti-CD19 or anti-CD21 MoAb did not affect the binding of biotin-conjugated MID as analysed by flow cytometry. These results suggest that MID-activated tonsillar B cells from children have a strong requirement for signalling through the CD19 molecule. Future experiments will further reveal the importance of CD19 and possibly other molecules for optimal activation of tonsillar B cells isolated from both children and adults.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 8 (1978), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Thirty bacterial species were tested for their ability to stimulate to increased DNA synthesis in human blood lymphocytes. A definite stimulation was obtained with eighteen bacterial species. For three of these species ten different strains of each were tested, and all increased DNA synthesis. The maximum response was after 3–4 days of culture, suggesting a mitogenic effect. This was confirmed by the induction of polyclonal antibody production shown by a plaque assay, which was positive for nine of eleven species tested. Most bacterial species increased the DNA synthesis in B-lymphocyte-enriched and unseparated lymphocytes but had negligible activity on T-lymphocyte-enriched cultures. Among bacteria with a mitogenic effect and ability to induce polyclonal antibody production are Staphylococcus aureus strain Cowan I with a high content of protein A and many common human pathogens such as Haemophilus influenzae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Streptococcus group A and Streptococcus pneumoniae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Konzentration von Cefotaxim im Serum wurde bei 11 Patienten nach intramuskulärer Injektion von 1 g Cefotaxim mit Hilfe einer biologischen Methode bestimmt. Die erhaltene Standard-Eliminationskurve ist für eine Gruppe von älteren Männern (mittleres Alter 71 Jahre) repräsentativ. Proben von sieben Patienten wurden gleichzeitig mit der biologischen Methode und Hochdruck-Flüssigkeitschromatographie untersucht, die Ergebnisse waren vergleichbar. Die Untersuchung der Cefotaxim-Urinkonzentrationen bei vier Patienten ergab sehr hohe Spiegel der Substanz (mittlere Konzentration nach zwei Stunden 3395 µg/ml, nach fünf Stunden 1210 µg/ml). 66% der Substanz fanden sich nach fünf Stunden im Urin wieder. Cefotaxim penetrierte in das Drüsengewebe der Prostata; die erreichten Konzentrationen lagen zwischen 1,2 und 3,8 µg/g zwischen der ersten und dritten Stunde nach Injektion von 1 g i. m. Im Nierengewebe wurde die Substanz in der Rinde, in den mittleren Parenchymanteilen und im inneren Bereich der Markzone in Konzentrationen von 4,1, 4,2 und 6,2 µg/g gefunden. Die im Serum, Urin, in der Prostata und in der Niere gemessenen Konzentrationen zeigen, daß Cefotaxim ein wertvolles Medikament zur Behandlung von Harnwegsinfektionen ist.
    Notes: Summary Following the injection of 1 g of cetotaxime i. m., the concentration in serum was analysed in 11 patients using a biological method. The standard elimination curve obtained was representative for a group of elderly men (mean age 71 years). Samples from seven patients were analysed simultaneously using the biological method and high pressure liquid chromatography; the results were comparable. In four patients the concentration of cefotaxime in the urine was determined; very high levels of the drug were found (mean concentration 3395 µg/ml at two hours and 1210 µg/ml at five hours). 66% of the drug was found to have been eliminated in the urine at five hours. Cefotaxime penetrated the prostatic tissue, giving concentrations ranging from 1.2 to 3.8 µg/g between the first and third hour after the injection of 1 g i. m. In the kidney tissue the drug was detected in the cortex, the middle part of the parenchyma and the inner medulla, at concentrations of 4.1, 4.2 and 6.2 µg/g, respectively. The concentrations obtained in the serum, in urine, and in the prostate and kidney indicate that cefotaxime is a valuable drug for the treatment of urinary tract infections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Infection 6 (1978), S. S91 
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wurde die Wirkung von 20 verschiedenen Antibiotika auf den Einbau von3H-Thymidin durch menschliche Lymphozyten des strömenden Blutes nach Stimulierung durch Phythämagglutinin (PHA) untersucht. Unter den geprüften Antibiotika hatten Fusidinsäure und Rifampicin in therapeutischen Konzentrationen eine ausgeprägte Hemmwirkung. In darüberliegenden Konzentrationen bestand eine deutliche Hemmwirkung durch Tetracycline, Erythromycin, Clindamycin und Nitrofurantoin. Kein Hemmeffekt auf die PHA-Reaktion menschlicher Lymphozyten war nachzuweisen für Penicilline, Cephalosporine, Sulfamethoxazol, Aminoglykoside, Nalidixinsäure, Chloramphenicol und Fluorocytosin. In einer anderen Versuchsreihe untersuchten wir den Thymidineinbau durch menschliche B-Lymphozyten des strömenden Blutes nach Stimulierung mitStaphylococcus aureus Cowan I in Gegenwart von Antibiotika, die die PHA-Reaktion hemmten. Die Stimulierung durch Cowan I wurde gehemmt durch Fusidinsäure und Rifampicin in therapeutischen Konzentrationen und durch Erythromycin, Clindamycin und Nitrofurantoin in übertherapeutischen Konzentrationen. In einer dritten Versuchsgruppe wurde der Einbau von14C-Leuzin durch nichtstimulierte menschliche Lymphozyten des strömenden Blutes in Gegenwart von Fusidinsäure untersucht. Auch hier wurde eine Hemmwirkung therapeutischer Konzentrationen nachgewiesen. Es wird angenommen, daß manche, durch Proteinsynthesehemmung wirkende Antibiotika auch die Proteinsynthese und Funktion menschlicher Lymphozyten beeinträchtigen.
    Notes: Summary The effect of 20 different antibiotics on the incorporation of3H-thymidine by human peripheral T-lymphocytes in serum-free medium stimulated by PHA was studied. Of the antibiotics tested fusidic acid and rifampin had a pronounced inhibiting effect at therapeutic concentrations. At concentrations above the therapeutic level a marked inhibiting effect was detected for tetracyclines, erythromycin, clindamycin and nitrofurantoin. No apparent inhibiting effect on the PHA-response of human lymphocytes could be detected for penicillins, cephalosporins, sulfametoxazol, aminoglycoside-antibiotics, nalidixic acid, chloramphenicol and fluorocytosin. In another group of experiments we studied the incorporation of thymidine by human peripheral B lymphocytes in the presence of antibiotics. KilledStaphylococcus aureus Cowan I was used as a selective B-lymphocyte mitogen. The Cowan I stimulation was inhibited by fusidic acid and rifampin at therapeutic concentrations and by erythromycin, clindamycin and nitrofurantoin at concentrations above the therapeutic level. In a third group of experiments the incorporation of14C-leucine by non-stimulated human peripheral lymphocytes was studied in the presence of fusidic acid. In this type of experiment an inhibitory effect at therapeutic concentrations was also detected. It is suggested that some antibiotics acting by protein synthesis inhibition also affect the protein synthesis and function of human lymphocytes during the phase of inhibition. However, the influence of albumin binding on the immunodepression by the different antibiotics is not known. The albumin binding for fusidic acid is high and this may reduce the in vivo effect of this drug. Thus, whether these impairments of lymphocyte function also take place in vivo remains unknown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 11 (1987), S. 115-118 
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les patients “à risque” soumis à une intervention chirurgicale élective colo-rectale ont été reconnus en soumettant à la culture des spécimens de liquide prélevés au cours de l'intervention. L'action d'un supplément d'antibiotiques a été étudiée chez eux. Tous les malades (n=267) ont reçu 600 mg d'oxycycline par voie intra-veineuse avant l'intervention à titre prophylactique. Le jour suivant l'intervention le patient dit à risque fut identifié par le nombre élevé de bactéries cultivées. Deux groupes d'opérés à risque furent ainsi étudiés: le groupe A réunissant 40 sujets qui ne reçurent pas d'antibiotiques; le groupe B rassemblant 45 opérés qui reçurent une combinaison de cefuroxine et de metronidazole. Le taux respectif des complications fut de 20% pour le groupe A et de 4.4% pour le groupe B (p〈0.05). On peut conclure de cette étude que des malades soumis à une intervention chirurgicale colo-rectale élective peuvent être définis comme malades à haut risque par l'identification des germes contenus dans le liquide prélevé au moment de l'intervention. Grâce à l'emploi supplémentaire d'antibiotiques efficaces le taux des complications dans ces cas diminue de manière significative.
    Abstract: Resumen Los pacientes en alto riesgo de desarrollar complicaciones sépticas postoperatorias en cirugía colorrectal electiva fueron identificados mediante el cultivo de muestras de líquido de irrigación tornados peroperatoriamente, y el efecto de la administración suplementaria de antibióticos en este grupo de pacientes fue evaluado. Todos los pacientes (n=267) recibieron doxiciclina i.v. como profilaxis preoperatoria. Al día siguiente a la operación se procedió a identificar los pacientes de alto riesgo por el conteo de bacterias cultivadas en el líquido de irrigación. En seguida fueron adjudicados al azar al grupo A (n=40), el cual no recibió antibióticos adicionales, o al grupo B (n=45) que recibió una combinación de cefuroxime y metronidazol. La tasa de complicaciones sépticas postoperatorias fue de 20% en el grupo A y de 4.4% en el grupo B (p〈0.05). Nuestra conclusión es que los pacientes de alto riesgo sometidos a cirugía colorrectal electiva pueden ser identificados mediante el cultivo del líquido de irrigación tornado peroperatoriamente. La profilaxis antibiótica suplementaria reduce en forma significativa la tasa de complicaciones postoperatorias.
    Notes: Abstract High-risk patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery were identified by culturing irrigation fluid samples taken peroperatively, and the effect of supplementary antibiotics in this group was evaluated. All patients (n =267) got 600 mg doxycycline intravenously as a preoperative prophylaxis. The day after operation the high-risk patients could be identified by a count of bacteria cultured from the irrigation fluid. They were randomly allocated either to group A (n=40), no further antibiotics, or to group B (n=45), combination of cefuroxime and metronidazole. The rate of postoperative septic complications was 20% in group A and 4.4% in group B (p〈0.05). It is concluded that high-risk patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery can be identified by culturing the irrigation fluid taken peroperatively. With supplementary antibiotic prophylaxis, the postoperative complication rate can be lowered significantly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 5 (1990), S. 164-166 
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In this experimental study the effect of peroperative faecal soiling on immediate postoperative anastomotic leakage after resection and primary anastomosis of a left colon obstruction was evaluated. Faecal soiling was quantified by a standardized irrigation of the abdominal cavity and then culturing of the fluid. An increased peroperative soiling was found after resection of a stenosis compared to resection of a non-stenotic bowel. Anastomotic complications were correlated to the degree of bacterial contamination and a breakpoint of 104 CFU/ml was found. Immediate postoperative leakage, tested with the bacteria Serratia marcescens, was not increased in the stenosis group. Thus, peroperative bacterial contamination seems to be one important factor in developing anastomotic complications after resection of colonic obstruction while an immediate leakage of bacteria through the anastomosis seems to be less important.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 186 (1986), S. 455-462 
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Experimental diabetes ; Immunosuppression ; Rat ; Heart transplantation ; Streptozotocin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Streptozotocin-diabetic isogenous Brown-Norway (BN) rats received heterotopic Wistar-Furth (WF × BN) F1 heart transplants. The functional graft survival time after different duration of diabetes and during insulin-treated diabetes was recorded. Some diabetic rats were challenged with sheep red cells, and their spleens were used in PHA stimulation and plaqueforming assays. Prolongation in heart transplant survival was found to be independent of the duration of diabetes. The prolongation disappeared promptly when insulin was administered to the diabetic rats. A depression of cellular immunoresponsiveness as measured by PHA stimulation assay was recorded during diabetes. Valid results were not obtained in the plaque-forming assay.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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