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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Co-morbidity of migraine and epilepsy: a review of clinical features (2000)
    Springer
    The journal of headache and pain 1 (2000), S. 137-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1129-2377
    Keywords: Key words Aura ; EEG ; Epilepsy ; Headache ; Migraine ; Seizures
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Migraine and epilepsy are common neurological conditions that often co-exist. There are some common symptoms and in some patients there may be a diagnostic problem. The purpose of this study was to review the literature on the co-morbidity of migraine and epilepsy, and to differentiate their clinical characteristics. A search in Medline using the terms ‘migraine and epilepsy’ was conducted to identify articles published during the period 1963–1999. Articles describing co-morbidity of epilepsy and migraine have been reviewed. In the absence of convulsive episodes or a clearly migrainous profile (especially in children), confusion is most likely in patients affected by transient blindness, paroxysmal abdominal pain, unseen nocturnal events and “basilar” symptoms. Electroencephalographic abnormalities and response to an anticonvulsant may not clarify diagnosis. Although clinicians generally have little difficulty, rarely more investigations may be required for some patients. An isolated, single electroencephalogram may not provide definitive data unless an event is captured during the recording. Clinicians, therefore, have to rely mainly on the interpretation of the patient's history and clinical presentation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101940070035
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of grapefruit juice on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of verapamil enantiomers in healthy volunteers (2000)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 56 (2000), S. 693-698 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Verapamil Calcium antagonist Grapefruit juice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objectives: To determine the effect of grapefruit juice on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of S- and R-verapamil (given as racemates) at steady state. Methods: Nine healthy male volunteers followed a randomised cross-over study comprising two treatment periods. Pretreatments of 200 ml orange juice (control) or grapefruit juice twice daily for 5 days and 120 mg verapamil (orally) twice daily for 3 days were given. On the study day, the subjects received the morning dose of verapamil with either orange juice (control) or grapefruit juice. Plasma and urine samples were collected for measurement of S- and R-verapamil and the metabolites S- and R-norverapamil. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) and PR-interval were monitored. Results: During the grapefruit juice period, the steady-state peak and trough concentrations of S-verapamil were moderately increased (peak 41±25 ng ml–1 versus 26±13 ng ml–1, trough 14±7 ng ml–1 versus 12±6 ng ml–1, P=0.08). Grapefruit juice significantly increased the area under the plasma concentration–time curve during the 12-h dose interval (AUC0–12 h) of S-verapamil by 36% (292±146 ng h ml–1 versus 215±102 ng h ml–1, P=0.04). Similar results were obtained for peak and trough concentrations of R-verapamil. The AUC0–12 h of R-verapamil was increased by 28% (1022±412 ng h ml–1 versus 800±316 ng h ml–1, P=0.04). Elimination half-life and renal clearance of both S- and R-verapamil were not affected. Considerable inter-subject variability in interaction was shown. There were no significant differences in the pharmacodynamic parameters (BP, HR and PR-interval). Conclusions: The present study has demonstrated an interaction between verapamil and grapefruit juice, which is likely due to an inhibition of intestinal metabolism resulting in increased oral bioavailability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280000189
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical pharmacological studies of tandamine, a potential antidepressive drug (1977)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 52 (1977), S. 73-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Tandamine ; Tyramine pressor response ; Anticholinergic ; Appetite ; Sedation ; Depression ; Platelet ; Plasma concentration ; Monoamines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Tandamine hydrochloride, a thiopyranoindole, was more active than desmethylimipramine in inhibiting the tyramine pressor response after single oral doses in human volunteers. When compared with a placebo, tandamine was found to possess significant anticholinergic activity, to reduce appetite and to produce sedation. Compared with clomipramine, it caused a smaller inhibition of 5-HT but a more marked inhibition of dopamine uptake into human platelets. Further clinical and pharmacological studies with tandamine may help to elucidate the respective roles of different monoamines in depression, sedation and appetite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00426603
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peripheral α-adrenoreceptor and central dopamine receptor activity in depressive patients (1978)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 59 (1978), S. 171-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Tyramine ; Noradrenaline ; Phenylephrine ; Receptors ; Pressor-tests ; Amitriptyline Prolactin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Depressive patients before and after clinical recovery were investigated by the tyramine-dose/pressor-response test, the noradrenaline-dose/pressor-response test, and the phenylephrine-dose/pressor-response test, and were compared with normal subjects. Depressive patients were more sensitive on all three tests than control subjects and tended to revert back to normal after clinical recovery. Amitriptyline decreased the sensitivity to tyramine, and this decrease was highly (r=0.80) and significantly correlated with the plasma concentration of nortriptyline, but drug-induced changes in the tyramine-dose/pressor-response test did not correlate with clinical recovery. The patients became more sensitive to NA while on amitriptyline, and the increase was not related to clinical improvement. The patients became less sensitive to phenylephrine while on amitriptyline, and this change was highly (r=0.80) and significantly positively correlated with poor clinical outcome. The changes showed a positive correlation with plasma levels of nortriptyline. Central dopamine receptor activity was investigated using the bromocryptine/prolactin response test. No significant difference between patients and controls was found in the prolactin plasma level before the administration of bromocryptine (although concentration of prolactin tended to be lower in patients), nor in the decrease induced by bromocryptine. After 4 weeks' administration of amitriptyline, the patients had significantly decreased prolactin concentration compared to controls. Ciclazindol, a drug that predominantly inhibits the reuptake of noradrenaline, tended to increase the basal level of prolactin. Amitriptyline decreased to response to bromocryptine, and ciclazindol increased the response to bromocryptine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427753
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antidepressant activity and pharmacological interactions of ciclazindol (1978)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 57 (1978), S. 109-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Ciclazindol ; Antidepressant activity ; Subjective side effects ; Peripheral adrenergic interactions ; Plasma drug concentration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Ciclazindol, a new tetracyclic compound, appears to be a potentially important antidepressant of the same order as amitriptyline, but with significantly fewer, subjective side effects. Although as a group the patients treated with ciclazidol lost weight, clinical improvement was observed to be significantly corelated with the weight gain in both groups. The peripheral adrenergic interactions were studied. In the dosage used (100 mg/day) ciclazindol was observed to be a peripheral NA-reuptake blocker with no significant effect on the postsynaptic α-receptors. Plasma concentrations of the drug were estimated and their relationship to the therapeutic outcome, side effects, and adrenergic interaction were studied. No significant change in resting BP or ECG was observed following 4–6 weeks' treatment with ciclazindol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00426966
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autonomic actions and interactions of mianserin hydrochloride (Org. GB 94) and amitriptyline in patients with depressive illness (1976)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 49 (1976), S. 201-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Mianserin hydrochloride ; Amitriptyline ; Tricyclic antidepressive ; Tetracyclic antidepressive ; Primary depressive illness ; Adrenergic interactions ; Tyramine-dose/pressor-response test ; Tyramine sensitivity ; Anticholinergic effect ; Pupil diameter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The clinical pharmacology of mianserin hydrochloride was studied in patients suffering from a primary depressive illness after steady-state plasma concentration of the drug had been achieved. The results were compared with those found with amitriptyline in both open and double-blind studies. The two drugs are equally effective in their antidepressive effect. Mianserin hydrochloride appears to be free of anticholinergic effects as assessed by the measurement of salivary volume, pupil diameter and the interactions with guanethidine and thymoxamine on the pupil. No peripheral adrenergic interaction as studied by the tyramine dose-pressor-response test were observed in patients treated with mianserin hydrochloride (20 mg three times daily).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427291
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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