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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neuron-glia interactions: Indirect effect of GABA on cultured glial cells (1978)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 33 (1978), S. 425-434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Neuron-glia interactions ; GABA ; Glial cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A study was made of the action of GABA on the membrane potential and resistance of satellite glial (SG) cells in cultures of rat dorsal root ganglia. GABA (10-4M) depolarized all SG cells tested without producing significant changes in membrane resistance. Similar results were obtained from astrocytes of cultured rat spinal cord and brain stem, although only half of the cells tested were depolarized by GABA. Bicuculline (10-5 and 10-6M) which blocked the GABA-depolarization on cultured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, also markedly reduced or blocked the action of GABA on SG cells. When GABA was tested in sodium-free bathing solution, the amino acid caused a depolarization of similar shape and amplitude as in normal (137 mM Na+) bathing fluid, indicating that uptake processes are probably not involved in producing the depolarization by GABA. It is suggested that the depolarizing action of GABA on glial cells is an indirect effect due to the release of potassium from adjacent neurons during the action of the amino acid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235564
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autoradiographic localization of binding sites for 3H-serotonin and 3H-ketanserin on neurones and astrocytes of cultured rat brain stem and spinal cord (1987)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 65 (1987), S. 486-490 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Binding ; Autoradiography ; 3H-serotonin ; 3H-ketanserin ; Tissue culture ; Brain stem ; Spinal cord
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary By means of lightmicroscopic autoradiography we have studied the cellular localization of binding sites for 3H-serotonin and 3H-ketanserin in organotypic cultures of rat brain stem and spinal cord. In both types of cultures, a relatively great number of neurones revealed binding sites for 3H-serotonin which predominantly labels S1-receptors. 3H-ketanserin, an S2-antagonist was also bound to many neurones although to a lesser extent than 3H-serotonin. Binding sites for both radio-ligands were also observed on astrocytes. These findings together with electrophysiological investigations indicate that astrocytes possess serotonin receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236324
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autoradiographic localization of3H-GABA and3H-muscimol binding in rat cerebellar cultures (1980)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 38 (1980), S. 241-243 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Binding ; 3H-GABA ; 3H-muscimol ; Cerebellum ; Tissue culture ; Autoradiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Autoradiographic studies were conducted on the binding of3H-GABA and3H-muscimol in cultures of rat cerebellum. Binding sites for both substances were observed on many cerebellar neurones, such as Purkinje cells and interneurones, but not on glial cells. Binding of3H-GABA and3H-muscimol was inhibited by unlabelled GABA and by the GABA antagonist bicuculline.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236746
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autoradiographic studies on the uptake of 3H-noradrenaline and 3H-GABA in cultured rat cerebellum (1976)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 26 (1976), S. 319-324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Uptake ; 3H-GABA ; 3H-Noradrenaline ; Cerebellum ; Tissue Culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Autoradiographic studies were made on the uptake of 3H-noradrenaline and 3H-GABA in rat cerebellum grown in tissue culture. GABA was taken up by Purkinje cells and interneurones as well as by glial cells. In contrast, 3H-noradrenaline was only accumulated by nerve fibres but not by neuronal cell bodies and by glial cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234935
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence that the depolarization of glial cells by inhibitory amino acids is caused by an efflux of K+ from neurones (1981)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 42 (1981), S. 43-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Neurone-glia interaction ; Amino acid transmitters ; K+ ; Tissue culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The action of inhibitory amino acid transmitters GABA, glycine, β-alanine and taurine has been studied on the membrane potential of cultured astrocytes and on the extracellular K+-concentration ([K+]0) using K+-sensitive microelectrodes. All four amino acids caused a depolarization of glial cells and an increase of [K+]0. The effects produced by GABA were usually more pronounced than those caused by the other amino acids. Simultaneous recordings of the action of GABA and glycine on the glial membrane potential and on [K+]0 usually revealed a good correlation in time course, but often there were differences between the amplitudes of glial depolarizations and the values calculated from the [K+]0 increase. 4-Aminopyridine, which blocks K+-conductance of excitable membranes, reversibly abolished both the glial depolarization and the [K+]0 increase produced by GABA and glycine. From these results it is concluded that unlike neurones, glial cells do not have receptors for these amino acid transmitters and that their action on glial cells is caused by the efflux of K+ from activated neurones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235727
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Action of dopamine and serotonin on the membrane potential of cultured astrocytes (1987)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 65 (1987), S. 482-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Electrophysiology ; Dopamine ; Serotonin ; Astrocytes ; Tissue cultures ; Spinal cord ; Striatum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The actions of dopamine, apomorphine and serotonin on the membrane potential of cultured astrocytes from rat spinal cord and striatum were examined. All three compounds caused a hyperpolarization of the majority of astrocytes tested. A small number of cells was depolarized and on a relatively large number of cells the amines had no effect. The dopamine antagonists cis-flupenthixol and domperidone reversibly blocked the effects of dopamine whereas the action of serotonin was antagonized by ketanserin. It is therefore concluded that the effects of both amines are due to activation of specific dopamine and serotonin receptors, respectively. Our electrophysiological data together with autoradiographic binding studies provide evidence that astrocytes possess receptors for dopamine and serotonin in addition to adrenoceptors and histamine receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236323
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spinal cord tissue cultures-a model for autoradiographic studies on uptake of putative neurotransmitters such as glycine and GABA (1972)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 28 (1972), S. 1342-1344 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Autoradiographische Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, dass3H-Glycin und3H-GABA in kultivierte Neurone und Gliazellen des Rückenmarks der Ratte aufgenommen werden. Aus unseren licht- und elektronenmikroskopischen Befunden geht hervor, dass die Nervengewebskultur ein geeignetes Versuchsmodell für Aufnahme und zelluläre Lokalisation von Überträgersubstanzen ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01965334
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for GABAB-receptors on cultured astrocytes of rat CNS: autoradiographic binding studies (1990)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 80 (1990), S. 621-625 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Binding ; GABAA-sites ; GABAB-sites ; Tissue culture ; Cerebellum ; Brain stem ; Spinal cord ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The cellular localization of GABA-binding sites was studied in explant cultures of rat cerebellum, brain stem and spinal cord by means of autoradiography. Labelling of GABAB-sites was done with 3H(-)baclofen or 3H-GABA in presence of unlabelled bicuculline. Binding sites for these radio-ligands were found on many neurones and on a large number of astrocytes. Labelling of glial cells was usually weaker than that of neurones. Combining autoradiography with staining with anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) revealed that the glial cells labelled with 3H-baclofen or 3H-GABA were GFAP-positive. In contrast, when GABAA-sites were localized using 3H-GABA in presence of unlabelled baclofen, the GABAA-agonists 3H-muscimol and 3H-THIP, or the antagonist 3H-(+)-bicuculline, binding only occurred to neurones but not to astrocytes. Immunohistochemical investigations with the monoclonal antibody (bd-17) against the GABAA/benzodiazepine/chloride channel complex revealed that neurones were specifically stained whereas glial cells were immunonegative. From our observations it is suggested that astrocytes possess GABAB-receptors but there is little evidence for the existence of GABAA-sites on glial elements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00228002
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical studies on the cellular localization of GABAA-receptors in explant cultures of rat central nervous system using a monoclonal antibody (1990)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 82 (1990), S. 667-671 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Immunohistochemistry ; Monoclonal antibody ; GABAA-receptors ; Tissue cultures ; Spinal cord ; Brain stem ; Cerebellum ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Explant cultures of rat spinal cord, brain stem and cerebellum were used to visualize GABAA-receptors by means of immunohistochemistry. For these studies we have incubated the cultures with the monoclonal antibody bd 17 against the β-subunit of the GABAA/benzodiazepine/chloride channel complex. In spinal cord cultures, many interneurones were immunoreactive whereas only a small number of large neurones, probably motoneurones was specifically stained. In brain stem cultures, groups of large and medium-sized neurones showed immunoreactivity. In cultures of cerebellum, a great number of neurones was specifically stained. Granule cells showed the strongest immunoreactivity whereas other neurones, presumably Purkinje cells and interneurones, were only moderately stained. The immunoreactivity was mainly confined to the cell bodies of the neurones while their processes were only weakly or not stained. In contrast to neurones, no immunoreactivity could be detected on astrocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00228810
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of potassium on the membrane potential of spinal neurones in tissue culture (1972)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 333 (1972), S. 362-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Tissue Culture ; Rat Spinal Cord ; Membrane Potentials ; External Potassium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of changes in extracellular potassium concentration on the membrane potential of mammalian spinal neurones in tissue culture have been studied. An increase of extracellular potassium caused a depolarization of the cell membrane which was proportional to the amount of potassium in the bathing fluid. The method of tissue culture provides a useful model for investigating the effects of variations in the extracellular ionic environment on the bioelectric activity of single cells of the mammalian central nervous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00586215
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