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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Mathematical Economics 23 (1994), S. 565-583 
    ISSN: 0304-4068
    Keywords: Free disposal ; Increasing returns ; Marginal cost pricing ; Non-convexity ; [jel] C62 ; [jel] D51
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 101 (1994), S. 2949-2952 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In a drift-tube study, four simple formulas, based on a dynamic equilibrium analysis of two gaseous ion swarms, are proposed to determine simultaneously the forward and reverse reaction frequencies together with two drift velocities. The formulas are put to the test for (N+4,N+2)/N2 system with two arrival time spectra (ATS) generated from the experimental data previously reported at E/N=150 Td (the ratio of electric field strength to gas number density: 1 Td=10−17 V cm2). The percent differences between the data and the determined values are estimated to be 0.8%, −1.4%, 6.8%, and 4.9%, for the drift velocities of N+4 and N+2 ions and the forward and reverse reaction frequencies, respectively. For the same system, two experimental ATS obtained at 180 Td by McKnight et al., being supposedly in near equilibrium, are directly examined by this method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of custom tray designs on local pressures against teeth during the impression procedure. In a previous study, a partially edentulous simulation model with a mobile tooth was used, and the effect of custom tray designs on the displacement of the mobile tooth was examined during the impression procedure. Based on that study's results, we have assumed that the differences in impression pressures between the labial and the lingual sides of a mobile tooth could either cause or affect displacement. The present study was undertaken to determine the local impression pressures against each side of three anterior teeth, including one mobile tooth, using the same simulation model and the same custom trays as in the previous study. It was found that the local pressures exerted against teeth during the impression procedure were affected by the custom tray designs and varied according to the coronal shape, axis inclination and location of the teeth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 24 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary The purpose of this study was to duplicate the shapes of complete dentures by using a computer-aided design/manufacturing (CAD/CAM) system. The shapes of the complete dentures of an edentulous patient were measured using a non-contact type shape measurement system and morphological data at the interval of 0.25 mm were obtained in the X-axis and Y-axis directions. Measurement was performed from the occlusal surface and mucosal surface sides. Based on the three-dimensional morphological data, cutter paths for cutting were generated. For cutting, the three-step method consisting of rough cutting, finish cutting, and partial finish cutting was used and for duplicating the dentures the modelling wax was cut using a computerized numerical control (CNC) processor and ball-end mills with diameters of 6 mm and I mm. The method for the controlling of three axes (X, Y, and Z) of CNC machine was used, and cutting was performed only from two directions. Although further improvements are needed in the measurement and cutting in acute slope areas, the duplication of complete dentures appears to be possible using the CAD/CAM system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have developed a visual analysis method to examine the spatial relationship between the edentulous ridges and the bucco-lingual position of the artificial posterior teeth in complete denture fabrication. In this system, a non-contact type shape measurement system is used. We applied this system to the plaster models and the wax dentures of an edentulous patient. Using the measurement data on the upper and lower plaster models, we reconstructed their shape three-dimensionally and determined the points regarded as the ridge crests and the inter-alveolar crest lines in the frontal sections. To generate the upper and lower ridge crest lines which consisted of the points of the ridge crests, interpolation by B-spline curves was applied. Furthermore, the loft surfaces that we regarded as the consecutive inter-alveolar crest lines, were generated between the upper and lower ridge crest lines. The surface models of the plaster models and artificial teeth were displayed on the cathode-ray tube display unit, and the ridge crest lines and the consecutive inter-alveolar crest lines were superimposed on the surface models. This method could be utilized to visualize and examine the bucco-lingual position of the artificial posterior teeth in reference to the inter-alveolar crest lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 24 (1997), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary The purpose of this study was to develop a new method of analysing the shape of the residual ridge. The line of the residual ridge crest was regarded as the reference for artificial tooth arrangement and a method of determining it was evaluated. The shape of a plaster model was measured with a contact-type shape measurement system. The measurement data in each frontal section were interpolated by cubic splines. The points corresponding to the residual ridge crest were calculated and superimposed onto the image of the plaster model on a monitor screen of an image processor. Using these points and the image of the plaster model, the line of the residual ridge crest was marked on the plaster model. It was concluded that this method could be used to determine the line of the residual ridge crest on a plaster model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 29 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In order to investigate the thermal stability, the physical and mechanical, and dynamic viscoelastic properties of glass-fibre reinforced composite materials were measured. The G′ of the seven materials examined was within 5˙20 ± 14˙55 and 4˙50–14˙35 GPa for dry and wet specimens in air at 37 °C, respectively, and decreased with increasing temperature. The G′ values of dry specimens decreased by 7˙74–15˙4% when heated to 60 °C. The value of tan δ ranged from 0˙0102 to 0˙0295 and from 0·0181 to 0·0406 for dry and wet specimens in air at 37 °C, respectively. The coefficient of linear thermal expansion between 30 and 60 °C ranged from 0˙557 to 3˙95 × 10–5/°C. Moreover, the filler content ranged from 56˙36 to 88˙87 wt%. These results showed that the magnitudes of G′, tan δ, and the coefficient of linear thermal expansion and water absorption depend on the inorganic filler or glass-fibre content; i.e. the amount of resin matrix. Moreover, for all the materials examined, the G′ values were thermostable in the temperature range encountered in the oral cavity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 25 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: When fabricating prostheses in a partially edentulous arch with some mobile teeth, it is important to minimize tooth displacement during the impression procedure. The present study examined the effect of custom tray designs on the displacement of a mobile central incisor in a mandibular simulation model with six anterior teeth. Twelve custom trays were designed according to the different spaces and perforated holes in the region of the remaining teeth. As a result, the degree of displacement of the mobile tooth could be reduced according to the size of spaces and the location of perforated holes in the custom tray. Introduction
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The design and operation performance of the latest ruby Thomson scattering system for the JT-60U are described, which includes many novel approaches to attain the repetitive measurement of 60 spatial points with high resolution (8 mm), precision, and reliability especially for a high temperature and large size tokamak device. A beam combiner composed of a polarizer and a Faraday rotator for two ruby lasers has provided the transient measurement with the minimum time interval of 2 ms in burst operation and the multitime-slice measurement with the repetition rate of 0.5 Hz in normal operation. A newly developed photodiode array detector with high repetitive ability of 1 ms has been used for the high temperature core plasma measurement. A quantitative alignment of collection fiber object field has been utilized for the reliable ne profile measurement. By using Rayleigh scattering light, an in situ inferring method for a coated viewing window transmission has been found to have an effect on the precise correction of electron temperature Te and density ne underestimate for high Te plasmas. Making the most use of this diagnostic in a series of the recent JT-60U reversed shear experiments, the formation of an internal transport barrier even for electrons has been revealed from the clear existence of a steep gradient in both Te and ne profile shapes. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Experimental Cell Research 199 (1992), S. 106-110 
    ISSN: 0014-4827
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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