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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Partial molar volumbes of gases at infinite dilution in water at 298.15 K (1982)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of chemical & engineering data 27 (1982), S. 22-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5134
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/je00027a005
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Thermal Annealing and Supercritical Fluids on the Crystallization Behavior of Methyl-Substituted Poly(aryl ether ether ketone) (1994)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 27 (1994), S. 5511-5516 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00097a035
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermally induced phase transformations in the clathrasil Dodecasil-3C: the role of guest molecules (1993)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 115 (1993), S. 281-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00054a040
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical study of a new energy extraction scheme of a chemically pumped pulsed iodine laser amplifier (1993)
    Springer
    Applied physics 56 (1993), S. 379-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.55.Ks ; 42.60.Da ; 82.40.-g
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A new energy extraction scheme of a chemically pumped pulsed large-scale iodine laser based on a high-pressure pulsed singlet oxygen generator is proposed. In previous investigations only low-pressure oxygen generators have been considered. Since they require a high iodine density for an efficient amplifier operation, the lifetime of the stored energy is correspondingly small and thus only small-sized iodine amplifiers appear to be technically feasible. We found, however, that when the singlet oxygen is generated at high-pressure, the iodine density required can be considerably reduced so that the lifetime of the stored energy becomes sufficiently long to fill up large amplifier cells. A numerical model is developed and the extractable energy is theoretically estimated. It is shown that 0.2J/1·pass can be extracted when an input pulse of 20 ns duration (FWHM) and 1 J/cm2 fluence is fed into the amplifying medium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00324536
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of total body hyperthermia on brain haemodynamics and blood-brain barrier in dogs (1995)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 135 (1995), S. 62-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Total body hyperthermia ; autoregulation ; blood-brain barrier
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study was designed to examine the influence of total body hyperthermia (TBHT) using an extracorporeal circuit with a heat exchanger on the cerebral blood flow (CBF), intracranial pressure (ICP), brain tissue pH, cerebral autoregulation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability in dogs. The rectal temperature of the dow was raised to 41.5 °C, maintained at 41.5–42.0 °C for 2 hours (HT period) and then reduced to normothermia by cooling. Regional CBF was measured by the hydrogen clearance method before heating, during the HT period and after cooling. ICP and brain tissue pH were monitored during the TBHT treatment. Autoregulation of the CBF during the HT period was assessed by measuring the regional CBF and the ICP in a state of induced hypo- or hypertension. The influence of TBHT on BBB permeability was examined using an immunohistochemical technique. The regional CBF increased from 38.1±6.5 (mean±SD) to 49.1±9.8 ml/100 g/min and the ICP from 10.3±4.2 to 16.8±3.4 mmHg when TBHT was raised. These returned to normal values after cooling. The regional CBF and the ICP changed in parallel with drug-induced changes of mean arterial blood pressure during the HT period. These changes suggest that autoregulation of the CBF is paralysed during the HT period. Brain tissue pH decreased rapidly when the rectal temperature exceeded 41.0 °C. The pH was 7.18±0.05 during the HT period and was relatively stable. The pH returned to a normal value after cooling. Immunopositive stain for albumin was not observed in heated brain tissue except for the normally leaky pineal gland and the choroid plexus, indicating preservation of BBB during TBHT. These results suggest that brain oedema may occur easily due to paralysed cerebral autoregulation when the arterial blood pressure fluctuates excessively, so arterial blood presssure must be controlled strictly during TBHT.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02307416
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alterations of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Activity in Ischaemia-Induced Neuronal Death and Neuronal Protection Against Ischaemia in the Gerbil Hippocampus (1999)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 141 (1999), S. 287-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Transient forebrain ischaemia; delayed neuronal death; neuronal protection; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary  To clarify the relation between neuronal protection against ischaemia and calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaM kinase II) activity, we investigated temporal alterations of the kinase activity in the hippocampus after transient forebrain ischaemia under neuroprotective conditions, employing the gerbil bilateral carotid artery occlusion model.  The hippocampal CA1 neuronal density at 2 hours after 5 minutes of forebrain ischaemia was 214.7±25.8 /mm (mean±S.D.), and did not differ from the control significantly; however, it decreased to 11.7±4.2 /mm at 7 days after the ischaemia. The neuronal density at 7 days after the ischaemia was 185.1±18.5 under the hypothermic conditions, 128.7±19.6 with the brief ischaemic pretreatment, 65.0±13.4 with administration of MK-801, and 20.5±4.2 with the repetitive hyperthermic pretreatment, respectively.  The Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent activity of CaM kinase II in the hippocampal cytosolic fraction was decreased to 47.5% of the control value at 2 hours after the ischaemia, when CA1 neuronal death was not observed. In contrast, the activity was 98.8% of the control under the hypothermic conditions, 91.4% with the brief ischaemic pretreatment, 71.2% with administration of MK-801, and 47.9% with the repetitive hyperthermic pretreatment, respectively.  These results indicated that the preservation of the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent activity of cytosolic CaM kinase II after ischaemia parallelled the neuroprotective effect in the gerbil hippocampus. Thus, it is suggested that the preservation of the activity may be involved in the mechanism of neuronal protection against ischaemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050300
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endothelial-cell injury of the basilar artery caused by ethanol infusion in dogs (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 138 (1996), S. 84-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Auditory brain stem response ; basilar artery ; ethanol ; endothelial cell damage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study in mongrel dogs was designed to observe the effects of ethanol on both endothelial cells of the basilar artery and brain function. By use of sterile surgical technique, a super-selective catheter was placed in the proximal portion of the basilar artery in the dogs. Five dogs received 3 ml of 25% ethanol and 5 dogs received 3 ml of 50% of ethanol through the catheter over 2 minutes. The remaining 5 dogs received 3 ml of saline as a control. Auditory brain stem response (ABR) was monitored for 2 hours after ethanol infusion, and then perfusion-fixation was performed from the heart with 4% paraformaldehyde. The basilar artery was observed with scanning electron microscopy after routine procedures. The endothelial cells were intact in the control group. The 50% group showed a higher level of injury to the endothelium as well as a higher degree of platelet adhesion and fibrin clot formation compared with the 25% group. The extensive endothelial-cell damage subsequently caused thrombus formation. The ABR disappeared immediately after ethanol infusion in both ethanol groups, and recovered gradually in the 25% group, but did not re-appear during the time course of 2 hours in the 50% group. The ethanol less than 25% in concentration near the endothelium is considered to be safe as a transcatheter embolic agent with the attention to the central toxicity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411730
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) on the cerebral artery following subarachnoid haemorrhage in rats (1995)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 132 (1995), S. 92-97 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Cerebral vasospasm ; ICAM-1 ; subarachnoid haemorrhage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In order to study how immune-inflammatory responses are involved in the pathogenesis of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), the kinetics of expression of the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), a ligand for the leucocyte adhesion receptor, were studied on the cerebral arteries following SAH in rats. The SAH was induced by intracisternal injection of arterial blood. The rats were sacrificed at specified times: immediately after induction of SAH to seven days after SAH. Cryostat sections of the basilar artery (BA) were prepared and incubated with anti-rat ICAM-1 antibody. Morphometric analysis of the BA revealed a significant narrowing of the luminal diameter on Day 2 following SAH. While in the non-treated normal animals, no nor only weak expression of ICAM-1 was observed on the endothelial layer of the BA, there was greater expression of ICAM-1 on the endothelial layer of the BA in SAH rats, and the expression was observed also in the medial layer of the artery from Day 2 to Day 5 following SAH. The present results indicate that SAH really causes responses in the cellular immunity not only in the endothelial layer, but also in the medial layer of the artery as a target of immune damage, which is presumed to be one of the important steps in the development of cerebral vasospasm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01404854
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disturbance in the intramural circulation of the major cerebro-pial arteries after experimental subarachnoid haemorrhage (1987)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 89 (1987), S. 71-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Subarachnoid haemorrhage ; horseradish peroxidase ; blood-brain barrier ; experimental vasospasm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The intramural fluid circulation of the cerebral arterial wall was investigated using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as a tracer which was injected intravenously or intracisternally in dogs with or without subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). In the control dogs, the endothelial barrier function was confirmed for intravenous HRP, whereas the intracisternal HRP passed freely through the interstitial spaces of the adventitia and media to reach the intima within a few minutes. However, on the 5th day after SAH the barrier function of the intima for intravenous HRP was lost. In addition, there was a marked decrease in the amount of HRP reaching the intima when injected intracisternally. The intercellular space appears to be the main route for leakage of HRP into the subendothelial layer from the arterial lumen. Obstruction of the interstitial space in the adventitia by blood elements may be the cause of the disturbed intramural circulation of cerebrospinal fluid. These results suggest that this disturbance in the intramual circulation of the cerebral arterial wall plays a role in the development and/or progression of delayed cerebro-arterial narrowing after SAH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01406670
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pressure-induced phase transitions in clathrate hydrates (1991)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 94 (1991), S. 623-627 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ice I transforms to a high-density amorphous phase when pressed to 10 kbar at 77 K. Similar transformations in structure I and structure II clathrate hydrates have been studied by pressing samples in a piston-cylinder apparatus and by molecular dynamics simulations. The simulations were also carried out on structure I and II empty lattices. The hydrates and the empty lattices were found to transform to high-density phases under pressure at 77 K. The high-density phases of the empty lattices could be recovered at zero pressure, as is possible in the case of high-density amorphous phase of ice. However, it was not possible to recover the high-density phases of the hydrates at zero pressure. Instead, they reverted back to their original crystalline structures when the pressure was released. The molecular dynamics results suggest that under pressure the water molecules in the hydrates collapse around the guest molecules, and the repulsive forces between the guest and the water molecules are mainly responsible for the reversible transition to the original structure when the pressure is released.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.460329
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