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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Intracerebral hemorrhage ; Zieve-syndrome ; Intracranial lipid deposits
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a 42-year-old man, admitted a few hours after an acute cerebrovascular event, CT demonstrated a hyperdense hemorrhage surrounded by a hypodense rim similar to perifocal edema or liquefying blood, thus raising doubts about the acuteness of the event. Laboratory findings revealed Zieve-syndrome (alcoholic hyperlipemia, hemolytic anemia, and alcoholic fatty liver) and negative Hounsfield Unit measurement of the hypodense rim finally identified it as a layer of fat around the clot.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 32 (1990), S. 70-73 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Intrathecal diatrizoate meglumine ; Lethal dysregulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A case of inadvertent intrathecal injection of diatrizoate meglumine is presented. After myelography with 10 ml i.e. 6.5 g Angiografin, a 76-year-old man rapidly developed myoclonus, drowsiness and excessive metabolic acidosis. He died only a few hours later. Postmortem showed non-specific brain edema. RP-HPL-Chromatography confirmed high concentration of the contrast medium in CSF (6 mg/ml) which must have induced refractory central nervous dysregulation. The lethal effects of the misapplication of this agent on the nervous system are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Continuous multivariable monitoring ; Multimodality evoked potentials ; Brain death ; Coma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Evoked potential monitoring is a standard examination method in neurological intensive therapy units. Previously, multimodality observation was only possible in follow-up examinations. First experience with a new bed-side system continuously monitoring 12 neurophysiological and clinical parameters is reported. It consists of a personal computer and various stimulation units. EEG activity, median nerve somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) and brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEPs) are recorded. Additionally, EEG spectral band power, heart rate, heart rate variability, intracranial presure, body temperature, expiratory PCO2, blood pressure and transcutaneously measured oxygenation can be monitored. This paper reports on 4 exemplary cases of the 33 patients we have monitored to date, illustrating the principles and main advantages of the system. The system was developed to support the observation of ICU patients as well as to aid therapeutic decisions. It supports the clinical determination of brain death by specifying the deterioration of various neurological systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 18 (1992), S. 62-63 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 239 (1992), S. 135-137 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Status epilepticus ; Isoflurane ; Intensive care
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Status epilepticus may be resistant to intravenous anticonvulsive drugs. In these cases treatment with the inhalation anaesthetic agent isoflurane may be helpful in the further management. We describe a 35-year-old female patient who suffered from status epilepticus with partial seizures. In spite of therapy with benzodiazepine and phenytoin the status evolved into tonic clonic seizures. Treatment with thiopentone sodium did not stop seizure activity. Anaesthesia with isoflurane (dosage up to 1.5 vol.%) carried out twice within 72 h finally led to a termination of status epilepticus. From our own experience and reports in the literature we conclude that general anaesthesia with isoflurane can and should be used in the treatment of severe status epilepticus that does not respond to intravenous anticonvulsive agents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Status epilepticus ; Computed tomography ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Single-photon emission computed tomography ; Cerebral oedema
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 35-year-old female patient suffering from epilepsy was examined during status epilepticus with simple partial and complex partial seizures by means of EEG, CT, MRI and ictal SPECT. All these examinations showed focal abnormalities with identical location due to oedema and hypervascularisation; these were, however, absent during examinations carried out before and after status epilepticus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Alcoholic hyperlipidaemia ; Zieve syndrome ; Intracranial haemorrhage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Zieve's syndrome (hyperlipidaemia, anaemia and fatty liver degeneration) may rarely occur with intracranial haemorrhage. Four patients suffering from both diseases are reported. Although it remains unclear whether there is a causal relationship between the two, it seems that hyperlipidaemia may be a major cause of intracranial bleeding. One reason for the small number of reported cases may be that hyperlipidaemic serum levels rapidly decrease after alcohol withdrawal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Epilepsy ; Blindness ; SPECT ; EEG
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Blindness is a rare ictal phenomenon in epileptic seizures. It can occur as an aura, as the seizure itself, or postictally. We investigated two such patients, in one of whom blindness manifested as an aura prior to tonic clonic seizures; the interictal EEG exhibited a spike-wave focus bioccipitally. In the second patient blindness occurred postictally. An ictal SPECT, carried out at the onset of the seizure demonstrated marked hyperperfusion in both occipital regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Transkranielle Dopplersonographie ; Ergometerbelastung ; Chronischer Kopfschmerz vom Spannungstyp ; Key words Transcranial Doppler sonography ; ergometer test ; tension type headache
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In the etiopathology of tension type headache, vascular and autonomic disorders are discussed. Fifteen patients with chronic tension type headache according to the criteria of the IHS were investigated using the TCD-ergometer-test – a method used to evaluate the myogenic mechanism of cerebrovascular autoregulation – and the results were compared with the findings in fifteen healthy control subjects. The patients’ Mean Flow Velocity (TAVmean) and Resistance Index (RI) at rest and after exercise were significantly decreased (p 〈0,05). During exercise they normalized. The patients’ endtidal pCO2 at rest and during exercise was significantly lower than the corresponding values of the control group (p 〈0,05). Regarding blood pressure elevation and heart rate increase during exercise both groups did not differ significantly (p 〉0,05). These findings suggest that patients with tension type headache have a diminished vascular tone in the cerebral vessels at rest which is normalised during exercise. The reduced endtidal pCO2 is considered as a physiological response to increase vascular tone via metabolic mechanism of cerebrovascular autoregulation. In conclusion it is suggested that therapeutic procedures which activate sympathetic autonomic nervous function to train cerebral vessels should be more carefully considered.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In der Ätiopathogenese des chronischen Kopfschmerzes vom Spannungstyp (CKST) werden unter anderem vaskuläre und autonome Faktoren diskutiert. Wir untersuchten mit dem TCD-Ergometertest (Streß-TCD – eine Methode zur Beurteilung des myogenen Mechanismus der zerebrovaskulären Autoregulation) 15 Patienten mit chronischem Kopfschmerz vom Spannungstyp (entsprechend den Kriterien der IHS) und verglichen die Befunde mit denen von 15 gesunden Kontrollpersonen. Die mittlere Strömungsgeschwindigkeit (TAVmean) war bei den CKST-Patienten unter Ruhebedingungen und nach Belastung signifikant vermindert (p 〈0,05). Der Resistance-Index (RI) als Maß des peripheren Gefäßwiderstandes war ebenfalls bei der Patientengruppe unter Ruhebedingungen und nach 5minütiger Erholungsphase signifikant vermindert (p 〈0,05). Während der Belastungsphase glichen sich TAVmean und RI den Werten der Kontrollgruppe an. Der endexpiratorische pCO2 der Patienten lag unter Ruhe und Belastungsbedingungen signifikant unter dem jeweiligen Wert der gesunden Probanden (p 〈0,05). Bezüglich des Verhaltens von Blutdruck und Herzfrequenz unterschieden sich die Patienten nicht signifikant von den gesunden Probanden (p 〉0,05). Diese Befunde sprechen für einen verminderten basalen Vasotonus des zerebralen Gefäßsystems bei CKST-Patienten, der sich unter Belastung normalisiert. Der verminderte endexpiratorische pCO2 der Patienten ist als Ausdruck einer physiologischen Gegenregulation über den metabolischen Autoregulationsmechanismus anzusehen mit dem Ziel der Vasotonuserhöhung. Aufgrund dieser Resultate sollten im therapeutischen Kontext vermehrt physiotherapeutische gefäßtrainierende Verfahren in Betracht gezogen werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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