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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The rps3-rpl16-nad3-rps12 gene cluster in rice mitochondrial DNA is transcribed from alternative promoters (1995)
    Springer
    Current genetics 27 (1995), S. 184-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Rice mtDNA ; rps3/rpl16/nad3/rps12 ; Co-transcription ; Promoter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The two gene clusters rps3-rpl16 and nad3-rps12 are separated from each other in the mitochondrial genome and are expressed as the individual transcription units in many plants. In rice mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), the four genes rps3, rpl16, nad3 and rps12 are located within a region of 6 kbp. Northern-blot analysis revealed that a large transcript (6.6 kb) hybridized to both the rps3-rpl16 and the nad3-rps12 gene clusters. Using RT-PCR, we amplified a fragment of anticipated size (790 bp) from two primers that corresponded to sequences in the coding regions of rpl16 and nad3, demonstrating that at least two of the four genes, namely rpl16 and nad3, were co-transcribed. These results together indicated that all four genes, namely, rps3, rpl16, nad3 and rps12, were co-transcribed in rice mitochondria. Transcription initiation sites were determined by an in vitro capping/ribonuclease protection assay and primer extension analysis. Two initiation sites were identified in the rps3-rpl16-nad3-rps12 gene cluster: one was located upstream of rps3 and the other was located between rpl16 and nad3. This evidence indicates that the rps3-rpl16-nad3-rps12 gene cluster is transcribed from two alternative promoters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00313433
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The gene for a subunit of an ABC-type heme transporter is transcribed together with the gene for subunit 6 of NADH dehydrogenase in rice mitochondria (1996)
    Springer
    Current genetics 29 (1996), S. 412-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: orf240 ; nad6 ; Co-transcription ; Rice mitochondria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We previously identified a chloroplast-derived (ct-derived) sequence of 32 base pairs (bp) in rice mitochondrial DNA that includes a part (30 bp; ψtrnI) of a gene for isoleucine tRNA (CAU) of the chloroplast. Analyzing the ct-derived ψtrnI, we found that an open reading frame (orf240), which was homologous to the gene for a subunit of an ATP-binding cassette-type (ABC-type) heme transporter, namelyhelC, ofRhodobacter capsulatus, and a gene for subunit 6 of NADH dehydrogenase (nad6) were located upstream of and downstream from the ct-derived ψtrnI, respectively. Northern-blot hybridization and analysis by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) revealed that bothorf240 andnad6 were co-transcribed in rice mitochondria. An analysis of PCR-amplified fragments of the region oforf240/nad6 from the DNA of some Gramineae suggests that the arrangement oforf240/nad6 was generated in the mitochondrial genome of the genusOryza during evolution after its divergence from the other Gramineae. Most of the transcripts oforf240 are edited, with a change from cytidine to uridine, at 35 positions. Editing of the RNA changes 33 amino-acid residues among the 240 encoded amino-acid residues, suggesting that theorf240 gene is functional in rice mitochondria.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02221507
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multiple initiation sites for transcription of a gene for subunit 1 of F1-ATPase (atp1) in rice mitochondria (1996)
    Springer
    Current genetics 29 (1996), S. 417-422 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Rice mitochondria ; atp1 ; Guanylyltransferase ; Multiple transcription initiation sites
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We identified the sites for the initiation of transcription of a gene for subunit 1 of F1-ATPase (atp1) in rice mitochondrial DNA. Capping and ribonuclease protection experiments in vitro, together with primer extension analysis, demonstrated that there were at least eight transcription initiation sites upstream ofatp1. One initiation site, expressed most actively, was flanked by a sequence identical to the consensus promotor motif of rice mitochondrial genes. However, the sequences surrounding the other seven initiation sites exhibited no similarity to the consensus sequence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02221508
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Maintenance of chloroplast-derived sequences in the mitochondrial DNA of Gramineae (1997)
    Springer
    Current genetics 32 (1997), S. 413-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key words Chloroplast-derived (ct-derived) sequence ; Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) ; Gramineae ; Variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Evidence for the transfer of DNA from the chloroplast to the mitochondrion has been reported in many higher plants and, in most cases, the transferred chloroplast genes do not have the ability to encode functional products as a consequence of base substitutions and/or multiple rearrangements. We reported previously that the sequence of one end of a chloroplast-derived (ct-derived) fragment of DNA that contained the rps19 and trnH genes has been maintained in most gramineous plants and that its presence seems to be correlated with gene expression in this region. In the present study, we have investigated whether or not the ct-derived sequences in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) from some gramineous plants and species of Oryza are conserved, and whether or not such conservation is related to gene expression in these regions. We identified two junctions between ct-derived and mitochondrial sequences that were conserved among some gramineous plants. Around these regions, we found a ct-derived gene for tRNA and the promoter of a mitochondrial gene on the ct-derived sequences, respectively, and these regions were transcribed through the junctions. This result indicates that the junctions and/or regions that are transcribed and functional in mitochondria have been strongly conserved and maintained during their evolution. In Oryza, some junctions between ct-derived and mitochondrial sequences were conserved and other junctions were not. These variations seem to have been caused by deletions and/or rearrangements, and appear to be specific to the type of genome. In the case of Oryza, the timing of deletions and/or rearrangements of ct-derived sequences is likely to have coincided with the divergence of the various genome types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050296
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential changes in copy numbers of rice mitochondrial plasmid-like DNAs and main mitochondrial genomic DNAs that depend on temperature (1998)
    Springer
    Current genetics 33 (1998), S. 437-444 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Key words Mitochondrial DNA ; Plasmid-like DNA ; Temperature dependency ; Rice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The mitochondria of rice contain four kinds of circular plasmid-like DNAs, namely, B1, B2, B3 and B4, in addition to the main mitochondrial genomic DNAs. In order to examine the genetic stability of mitochondrial plasmid-like DNAs, changes in the amounts of plasmid-like DNAs and main mitochondrial genomic DNAs were analyzed in calli that had been cultured at various temperatures. The observed effect of temperature on the levels of plasmid-like DNAs was larger than that on the main mitochondrial genomic DNAs. A significant reduction in the copy number of plasmid-like DNAs was detected in calli cultured at 35 °C, as compared to 20 °C, 25 °C and 30 °C. The effect of temperature on DNA synthesis in isolated mitochondria was also analyzed. Synthesis of the main mitochondrial genomic DNAs occurred at all the temperatures examined, whereas synthesis of plasmid-like DNAs occurred only over a limited range of temperatures. The results of both in vivo and in vitro analyses suggest that plasmid-like DNAs are less stably maintained than the main mitochondrial genomic DNAs, which is consistent with the notion that the transmission of mitochondrial plasmid-like DNAs from one generation to the next may be unstable under unusual conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002940050357
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time-sharing utilization of a high-power pulsed-laser diode for inducing damage and for detecting its threshold level with high sensitivity (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 3121-3124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: This article proposes a method to utilize a commercially available high-power pulsed-laser diode (HPLD) in time sharing to induce damage by laser irradiation and to detect the threshold level of the damage. This method features: (1) damage inducement when the HPLD is under the pulsed high-power laser oscillation mode, and (2) surface reflectivity measurement when the HPLD is under the cw light-emitted-diode illumination mode. This technique allows nondestructive measurement of the damage threshold level with high sensitivity, in spite of its extremely simple approach. Accordingly, the technique is appropriate for real-time inspection in a manufacturing process. The practical data for determining the damage threshold are shown. The damage threshold for aluminum (JIS A5052) was estimated to be approximately 62 mJ/mm2. The capability of our proposed method is shown compared with that of more conventional methods. The advantages of our technique are described. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1379965
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of performance on tunnel conduction through molecular wire using a conductive atomic force microscope (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 3708-3710 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Performance of nonresonant tunnel conduction through a self-assembled monolayer of conjugated molecules fabricated on gold (111) was determined by virtue of nanometer-scale electrical probe measurement using a conductive atomic force microscope. Electrical measurements with nanometer spatial resolution enabled mapping of tunnel current as well as efficiency of tunnel conduction through molecular wire by analyzing length dependence on current. A series of conjugated molecules with different numbers of oligothiophene rings proved to possess a high tunnel-conduction efficiency. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1421233
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurofibroma of the stomach: Report of a case (1995)
    Springer
    Surgery today 25 (1995), S. 436-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: neurofibroma ; stomach ; neurogenic tumor ; submucosal tumor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report herein the case of a 71-year-old-Japanese woman who was admitted to hospital for surgical treatment of a lower abdominal tumor. At laparotomy the tumor was found to be pedunculated and growing extramurally from the greater curvature of the stomach. Thus, a wedge resection of the stomach, including the mass, was performed. The tumor measured about 9×8×7 cm and histological examination of the resected specimen showed that the main elements consisted of wavy, long-spindled cells, which crossed irregularly, indicating that it was palisading negative. Immunohistochemically, the specimen was positive for both S-100 protein and Alcian blue. From these findings, the tumor was histologically diagnosed as a neurofibroma. The patient had an uneventful postoperative course and no signs of recurrence have been recognized in the 3 years since her operation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00311822
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interspecific Plant Hybridization by Electrofusion in Nicotiana (1986)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Company
    Nature biotechnology 4 (1986), S. 57-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1696
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: [Auszug] Mesophyll protoplasts from Nicotiana glauca and Nicotiana langsdorffii were fused electrically. From a total of 9 × 104 electrically fused protoplasts (4.5 × 104 each), we obtained more than 96 green hybrid colonies that grew vigorously on hormone–free medium after 10 weeks of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt0186-57
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The rice mitochondrial nad3 gene has an extended reading frame at its 5′ end: nucleotide sequence analysis of rice trnS, nad3, and rps12 genes (1991)
    Springer
    Current genetics 20 (1991), S. 331-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0983
    Keywords: Rice ; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 ; Mitochondrial DNA ; Ribosomal protein S12 ; tRNASer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The nucleotide sequences of the tRNASer (trnS), pseudo-tRNA, NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 (nad3), and ribosomal protein S12 (rps12) genes from rice mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were determined. Both trnS and nad3 were confirmed to be single copy genes by Southern blot analysis. The nad3 and rps12 genes were arranged in tandem, and the two were co-transcribed. The order of the above four genes in rice mtDNA differed from the linear order observed for the wheat and maize genes. In rice mitochondria, the trnS and pseudo-tRNA genes were found upstream of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene, instead of the nad3 and rps12 genes as observed in maize and wheat. Additionally, while the rice nad3 and rps12 genes remain paired, they too are in a different sequence environment from the wheat and maize genes. The apparent split of the two pairs of genes indicates the occurrence of a mitochondrial intramolecular recombinational event. Another peculiarity is that the sequence upstream of the translational initiation codon of the rice nad3 gene is different from that of the wheat and maize versions. The ATG initiation codon of wheat and maize nad3 is replaced by TTG in the rice nad3. A subsequent deduction of the amino acid sequence, accompanied by a primer extension analysis, indicates that the predicted rice NAD3 protein has an additional 37 amino acid residues at its N-terminus compared to the wheat and maize NAD3 proteins. cDNA sequence analysis showed no introns or the occurrence of RNA editing at the newly replaced TTG codon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00318523
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