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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conditional ablation of Stat3 or Socs3 discloses a dual role for reactive astrocytes after spinal cord injury (2006)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 12 (2006), S. 829-834 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] In the injured central nervous system (CNS), reactive astrocytes form a glial scar and are considered to be detrimental for axonal regeneration, but their function remains elusive. Here we show that reactive astrocytes have a crucial role in wound healing and functional recovery by using mice with ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm1425
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    “Two route infusion chemotherapy” usingcis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) and its antidote, sodium thiosulfate, for metastatic liver tumors in rats (1982)
    Springer
    Surgery today 12 (1982), S. 456-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: intra-hepatic arterial infusion ; DDP ; STS ; metastatic liver tumor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We studied the effects of combination chemotherapy of an antitumor drugcis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (DDP) and its potent antidote, sodium thiosulfate (STS) in rat liver tumor systems. This therapy was given to female WKA rats with metastatic liver tumors 13 days after inoculation of syngeneic hepatoma cells through the mesenteric vein. DDP and STS were administeredvia two different routes, hepatic artery and femoral vein, respectively (we call this treatment “two route infusion chemotherapy”). The antitumor effects were evaluated 21 days after the treatment by calculating the tumor weight from the total weight of the liver. Tumor weights of rats treated with 20 mg/kg of intra-arterial DDP plus 1,054 mg/kg of systemic STS (group A), 5 mg/kg of intra-arterial DDP alone (group B), and 5 mg/kg of systemic DDP alone (group C) were, about one fifth two fifths and three fifths of the tumor weights in the untreated controls, respectively. In group A, no rats died despite administration of a 4-fold higher DDP dose than in the latter two groups B and C in which 14–18 per cent of the rats died, due to DDP-induced toxicity. The patterns of body weight gain in the three groups after the chemotherapy were much the same. Our results clearly indicate that the antitumor effect of DDP on metastatic liver tumors in rats can remarkably be enhanced by the “two route infusion chemotherapy” of DDP and STS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02469838
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sodium thiosulfate inhibits cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) activity (1984)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 13 (1984), S. 82-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To elucidate the mechanisms of inactivation of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (DDP) toxicity by its antidote sodium thiosulfate (STS), we studied the effects of STS on plasma concentrations of platinum (Pt) in vivo, binding of Pt to serum protein in vitro, and uptake of Pt by bacterial cells (E. coli, WP 2 uvrA strain) or cultured mouse tumor cells (FM3A) in vitro. STS did not significantly affect either plasma levels of total Pt or non-protein-bound Pt in vivo, but did inhibit binding of Pt to serum protein and cellular uptake of Pt in vitro. These results suggest that when DDP is given in combination with STS in vivo, the binding to macromolecules and entry of DDP into the cells are prevented due to formation of the Pt-thiosulfate complex in the extracellular fluid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00257119
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase, matrix metalloproteinase 2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 in human cartilaginous tumors with special emphasis on mesenchymal and dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 125 (1999), S. 541-548 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Key words Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma ; Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma ; Membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) ; Matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) ; Tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) has been identified as an activator of the proenzyme of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2: gelatinase A), and has also been shown to play a crucial role in tumor invasion by activating proMMP2 in both lung and gastric carcinoma. The tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2) plus the MT1-MMP complex also plays an important role in the activation of proMMP-2. In this study, the expressions of MT1-MMP, MMP-2 and TIMP-2 were evaluated in 10 enchondromas, 34 conventional chondrosarcomas, 5 clear-cell chondrosarcomas, 7 mesenchymal chondrosarcomas and 8 dedifferentiated chondrosarcomas. The expressions were immunohistochemically visualized on paraffin sections and the levels of expression were assessed semiquantitatively. The extent of staining was assessed by the extent score in order to determine the overall level of expression. The extent scores of MT1-MMP, MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in grade 2 chondrosarcoma were significantly higher than those in either enchondroma or grade 1 chondrosarcoma (P 〈 0.05). In conventional chondrosarcoma, significant correlations were found between the extent scores of MT1-MMP and MMP-2 (P 〈 0.001), MT1-MMP and TIMP-2 (P 〈 0.01), and MMP-2 and TIMP-2 (P 〈 0.01). The undifferentiated small round tumor cells of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma showed lower positive rates and extent scores for MT1-MMP (2/7, 0.7 ± 0.5) and MMP-2 (3/7, 0.7 ± 0.4) than for cartilaginous components of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma [MT1-MMP (4/7, 1.3 ± 0.5) and MMP-2 (7/7, 1.9 ± 0.3)] or conventional chondrosarcoma. In dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma, the extent scores of MT1-MMP, MMP-2 and TIMP-2 in low-grade cartilaginous components were not significantly different from those in conventional chondrosarcoma; however, the high-grade anaplastic components showed high extent scores for MT1-MMP, MMP-2 and TIMP-2, compared with the low-grade cartilaginous components of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma or conventional chondrosarcoma. According to our results, the expression of MT1-MMP as well as that of MMP-2 or TIMP-2 demonstrated a significant correlation with the tumor grade in human cartilaginous tumors. Furthermore, the expressions of MT1-MMP, MMP-2 and TIMP-2 were also found to play a crucial role in invasion in the high-grade components of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004320050314
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of the iliac bone in an adult: A case mimicking fibrosarcoma (1993)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 423 (1993), S. 65-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Bone tumour ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Primary rhabdomyosarcoma of bone is exceedingly rare. We present a case of rhabdomyosarcoma of the iliac bone in a 32-year-old male. Histologically, the tumour consisted mainly of a uniform proliferation of elongated spindle cells arranged in a herring bone pattern, simulating fibrosarcoma. Focally there was a conventional embryonal pattern with scattered rhabdomyoblasts possessing an eosinophilic cytoplasm. Immunohistochemical studies disclosed expression of muscle markers such as desmin and muscle-specific actin, in both the embryonal and spindle-cell areas and myoglobin only in the embryonal areas. Such histological features are unusual for classical embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. The anatomical site and age of the patient are also atypical.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01606434
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inactivation of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) in blood and protection of its toxicity by sodium thiosulfate in rabbits (1985)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 15 (1985), S. 228-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The mode of inactivation of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (DDP) in the bloodstream and protection from its toxicity by sodium thiosulfate (STS) were investigated in rabbits. Plasma ultrafiltrate in rabbits given 5 mg/kg DDP IV and various excess molar ratios of STS IV were assayed for the active platinum levels with a new microbiological assay system using an E. coli strain. The active platinum species in the plasma were inactivated completely by coadministration of a 400-fold excess of STS IV. The rabbits were almost completely protected against both BUN increase and body weight loss normally caused by DDP when 400-fold doses of STS were given. Diuretic effects were also observed. Our data provide evidence for the basis of optimum use of STS to protect against DDP toxicity. [6, 9]. This TRC with DDP and STS is now in clinical trial [7, 8], but the precise mode of protective action of STS against DDP toxicity has not been determined. We now present evidence that this protective effect is due to inactivation of biologically active DDP in the bloodstream.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00263891
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    “Two-route chemotherapy” using high-dose intra-arterial neocarzinostatin and systemic tiopronin, its antidote, for rat limb tumor (1986)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 17 (1986), S. 247-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We studied the effect of “two-route chemotherapy” (TRC) with intra-arterial (IA) neocarzinostatin (NCS) and IV N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)-glycine (tiopronin), its antidote, on rat limb tumors. Chemotherapy experiments were carried out on day 9 after the inoculation of 106 syngeneic transitional carcinoma cells into the hind limb in female Wistar King A rats. In the group given TRC, 3500 units/kg NCS and 800 mg/kg tiopronin were given via the femoral artery and the femoral vein, respectively. The antitumor effect was evaluated by the tumor weight on day 12 after the treatment. Compared with the weight of tumors in untreated controls, TRC reduced tumor weight to one-tenth, while 700 units/kg IA NCS alone reduced tumor weight to one-third and 700 units/kg systemic NCS alone reduced tumor weight to three-fourths of the control weight. In the group given TRC, WBC and nucleated bone marrow cells were completely protected and loss of body weight was slight.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00256693
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A clinicopathologic study of transient osteoporosis of the hip (1999)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 28 (1999), S. 621-627 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Transient osteoporosis of the hip ; Osteonecrosis ; Osteopenia ; Bone marrow edema ; Femoral head
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. It has been proposed that transient osteoporosis of the hip (TOH) may represent the early reversible phase of osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ON). The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics of three cases of TOH. Design and patients. A bone biopsy was performed on three patients who had been diagnosed as having TOH based on the clinical course, radiograph, bone scintigram, and MR images. The biopsy specimens were studied histopathologically by light and electron microscopy. Results. The most characteristic feature of TOH was focal areas of thin and disconnected bone trabeculae covered by osteoid seams and active osteoblasts. The surrounding bone marrow tissue showed edematous changes and mild fibrosis, frequently associated with vascular congestion and/or interstitial hemorrhage. No osteonecrotic region was observed in either the bone trabeculae or the bone marrow tissue. All patients have improved clinically and in the 3.5–9 years of follow-up have shown no evidence of ON. Conclusions. This study supports the concept that transient osteoporosis of the hip is a distinct entity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002560050563
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of MR imaging in the diagnosis of alveolar soft part sarcoma: a report of 10 cases (1995)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 24 (1995), S. 267-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Alveolar soft part sarcoma ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective The objective of this study was to analyze the characteristics of alveolar soft part sarcoma using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Design MRI studies of pathologically proven alveolar soft part sarcomas (ASPS) in ten patients were reviewed and compared with computed tomographic (CT) studies and angiograms. Patients Ten patients presented with a soft tissue mass of the extremities, neck, axilla, or buttocks. MR images were obtained in all patients prior to surgical intervention, chemotherapy, or irradiation. Results and Conclusion Although most soft tissue sarcomas are isointense relative to muscle on MRI T1-weighted images (T1WI), nine of the ten alveolar ASPS in the present study demonstrated high signal intensity on both T2 and T1WI. Flow voids were observed both at the core and at the margins of the tumors studied. Recognition of these characteristic MRI findings may lead to the early diagnosis of ASPS, especially when the clinical presentation is that of a slow-growing soft tissue mass in a young adult patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00198412
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cyclic AMP decreases chemotaxis, invasiveness and lung colonization of H-ras transformed mouse fibroblasts (1993)
    Springer
    Clinical & experimental metastasis 11 (1993), S. 492-501 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7276
    Keywords: H-ras ; cyclic AMP ; invasion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We transfected mouse 10T1/2 fibroblasts with the H-ras oncogene and isolated lines expressing H-ras. One of the lines exhibited a highly malignant phenotype with the ability to produce large tumors and to colonize the lung after tail vein injection. In addition, the cells of this line showed increased collagenase IV production, directed migration and invasiveness, properties associated with the ability of tumor cells to metastasize. Since cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cAMP) is known to down-regulate ras expression, we exposed the malignant cells (Cl-1) to either N6, 2′,0-dibutyryl cAMP (DB-cAMP) or 8-bromo cAMP (8-Br-cAMP), either with or without a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. We found that these treatments reduced the expression of ras, chemotaxis, invasiveness, and lung colonization of the ras-transformed cells. We therefore postulate that the malignancy of some cells may be regulated by alterations in the intracellular cAMP levels by suppressing ras expression and/or by reducing other activities required for the dissemination of tumor cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00054940
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