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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    IgE antibodies to Pityrosporum orbiculare and Staphylococcus aureus in patients with very high serum total IgE (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 22 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Serum IgE antibodies were detected with the radioallergosorbent test (RAST) to a panel of allergens which included Pityrosporum orbiculare, Candida albicans, Trichophyton rubrum, Cladosporium herbarum, Staphylococcus aureus, animal dander, deciduous tree pollens, grass pollens and foods in 81 consecutive patients with total IgE ≥ 3000 kU/1. Data on atopic and infectious disease characteristics were collected by a questionnaire. IgE antibody concentrations to P. orbiculare were significantly higher than to the other fungi and of the same magnitude as those to animal danders and pollens. High levels of P. orbiculare IgE antibodies were associated with current eczema, especially when it was the only atopic manifestation and demanding specialist care. IgE antibodies to P. orbiculare had the best explanatory value for current eczema in logistic regression analysis. Head-neck-face dermatitis was also associated with high levels of specific IgE to the yeast. IgE antibodies to S. aureus were detected in few patients and at low concentrations. Six patients had a history of systemic staphylococcal infections and presented a clinical picture, which was very similar to the hyperimmunoglobulinaemia E syndrome. Among the six were the two cases with the highest levels of IgE antibodies to S. aureus. The demonstration of high levels of IgE antibodies to P. orbiculare, which is a major part of human normal skin microflora, suggests that allergy to this yeast plays an important pathogenic role in eczema.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1992.tb02815.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of allergen components of the opportunistic yeast Pityrosporum orbiculare by monoclonal antibodies (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 49 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The yeast Pityrosporum orbiculare (P. orbiculare) is a member of the normal human cutaneous flora, but it is also associated with several clinical manifestations of the skin. We have previously observed IgE-binding components in P. orbiculare extracts, using sera from patients with atopic dermatitis. In the present study, we raised several monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) against P. orbiculare to characterize some of its antigens, and used Candida albicans (C. albicans) as a control. We obtained several IgGI MoAbs which specifically recognized P. orbiculare in ELISA. Two of these were selected for immunoblotting studies on P. orbiculare and two patterns of reactivity emerged. Firstly, one MoAb showed a distinct band at a molecular mass of 67 kDa. In the second pattern, a sharp band at about 37 kDa appeared. In contrast, the IgM antibodies raised reacted with a 14-kDa component; but they reacted with C. albicans in addition to P. orbiculare The IgGI antibodies seemed to react with proteins, as their ability to react in ELISA with extract pretreated with protease was greatly reduced. In contrast, IgM MoAbs were much less affected, suggesting that they recognized nonprotein components. To determine whether these MoAbs-binding components were also recognized by human IgE, we adopted a radioimmunoassay (RIA) using the MoAbs as catcher antibodies. Both the 67-kDa and the 37-kDa components were IgE-binding proteins. P. orbicular RAST positive sera were scored as positive in the RIA, whereas the control serum was not.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb00773.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retinoid binding proteins in mouse yolk sac and chorio-allantoic placentas (1997)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 195 (1997), S. 483-490 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Key words Vitamin A ; Retinoid binding proteins ; Yolk sac ; Placenta ; Mouse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  In the adult, as well as in the embryo, a number of specific extra- and intracellular binding proteins such as the plasma retinol binding protein (RBP), the cellular retinol binding protein type I (CRBP I), and also the cellular receptors for RBP are thought to regulate transport and metabolism of retinol (vitamin A). Since the regulation of materno-fetal transport of vitamin A is not well understood, we examined the localization of these proteins during the development of the mouse chorio-allantoic and yolk sac placentas. The labyrinthine region of the chorio-allantoic placenta, where exchange of substances can occur between the maternal and fetal circulations, did not contain RBP (mRNA or protein) or antigen(s) similar to the bovine RBP-receptor p63, whereas the visceral endoderm of the yolk sac placenta, the second site for materno-fetal transport, did. Furthermore, only the endodermal cells of the visceral yolk sac appeared to strongly accumulate radiolabelled retinoids. The cellular retinol binding protein (CRBP I) was detected both in the trophoblast layer of the placental labyrinth closest to the fetal endothelium (layer III), and in the visceral endoderm of the yolk sac. Together, these findings suggest that the yolk sac placenta mediates retinol transfer to the embryo/fetus throughout the entire gestation. The chorio-allantoic placenta, on the other hand, does not appear to have this capacity, while the presence of CRBP I does suggest a retinol-metabolizing capability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004290050067
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Serumkonzentrationen der Immunglobuline bei Kindern im Verlaufe der Cöliakie unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von IgE (1971)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 49 (1971), S. 256-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 49 Kindern mit typischen klinischen Zeichen der Cöliakie wurden die Serumkonzentrationen an IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD und IgE bestimmt. Eine signifikante Erhöhung der Immunglobuline über den 2-Sigma-Bereich der Norm hinaus war bei 28 (57,1%) Patienten für IgA und bei 32 (65,3%) Patienten für IgM zu beobachten. Erhöhte γG-Spiegel wurden bei 11 (22,4%) und erhöhte γD-Spiegel bei 7 (14,3%) der Kinder mit Cöliakie gefunden. Die Mehrzahl der untersuchten Patienten, d.h. 38 von 49 Kindern (77,6%) hatten normale γE-Spiegel. Bei einem der Kinder mit erhöhten γE-Werten bestand zusätzlich zur Cöliakie ein Befall mit intestinalen Parasiten. Ein Anhalt dafür, daß bei der Cöliakie primär allergische Reaktionen vom Sofort-Typ eine Rolle spielen, liegt nach vorliegenden Untersuchungen somit nicht vor. Es ist allerdings möglich, daß sekundär bei einem geringeren Prozentsatz der erkrankten Kinder auch allergische Reaktionen vom Sofort-Typ das klinische Bild mitbeeinflussen können.
    Notes: Summary The serum concentrations of IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD and IgE were determined in 49 children with typical clinical evidence of celiac disease. A significant elevation beyond the normal 2 Sigma limit was observed in 28 patients (57,1%) for IgA, and in 32 patients (65,3%) for IgM, respectively. Elevated γG levels were found in 11 cases (22.4%) and elevated γD levels in 7 children (14,3%) with celiac disease. The majority of patients, namely 38 of 49 children (77.6%) had normal IgE levels. One child with elevated γE had intestinal parasites along with the celiac disease. This investigation does not indicate that immediate type allergic reactions play a primary role in celiac disease. It is possible, however, that the clinical symptoms in a smaller percentage of children with celiac disease may be secondarily influenced by immediate type allergic reactions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01485426
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diel vertical migration and feeding patterns of Mysis mixta (Crustacea, Mysidacea) in the Baltic Sea (1989)
    Springer
    Marine biology 101 (1989), S. 43-52 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The extent of the nocturnal vertical migration of Mysis mixta Lilljeborg varied between early July and late October (of 1985 and 1986) in a coastal area of the Baltic Sea. Migration was more restricted in early July and late October. Seasonal changes in surface light levels and transparency were sufficient to explain the observed differences. Mysids avoided light levels above 10-4 lux throughout the study period. Smaller juveniles migrated higher up than larger juveniles and adults. A two-layered distribution with part of the population close to the bottom was observed at night. Zooplankton were more abundant in water layers above the main concentration of mysids. M. mixta fed on phytoplankton, detritus, copepods, cladocerans, rotifers and tintinnids. Diel changes in gut fluorescence indicated a higher intake of phytoplankton at night, but levels were low compared to primarily herbivorous zooplankton. Comparisons of stomach contents of mysids caught at the bottom in the evening and in the water column at night showed a higher ingestion of zooplankton at night and of detritus during the day. Mysids caught at the bottom at night had an intermediate diet. Copepods and cladocerans constituted between 90 and 100% of ingested material by weight in all mysid groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00393476
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal and long-term variations in the body size of planktonic copepods in the northern Baltic Sea (1995)
    Springer
    Marine biology 123 (1995), S. 241-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Seasonal and long-term variations in the body size of planktonic copepods were studied in the northern Baltic Sea. The influence of temperature, salinity and phytoplankton concentration to the body size of Eurytemora affinis, Acartia bifilosa and Limnocalanus macrurus (Calanoida) was examined at three sea areas, differing in their hydrographical and trophic conditions (an archipelago area and an enclosed bay on the SW coast of Finland in 1992 and at an open sea station in the Gulf of Bothnia in 1991). There was an inverse relationship between copepod body length and temperature, while there was a direct effect of phytoplankton concentration. According to multiple regression analysis, the relative importance of these factors varied according to species, developmental stage and study area. In the archipelago area, copepod body size was mainly determined by temperature, while in the open Gulf of Bothnia, phytoplankton concentration was usually more important. Interannual variation in the summer body length of E. affinis and A. bifilosa was examined using samples collected over 18 years (1967 to 1984) in the archipelago area. In this analysis, the inverse relationship between water temperature and copepod body size disappeared; in E. affinis the average female length correlated positively with summer temperature. We suggest that the length and timing of the study period greatly influence the investigator's view of the factors regulating copepod body size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00353615
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of the systemic effects of inhaled glucocorticosteroids: the influence of blood sampling technique and frequency on plasma cortisol and leucocytes (1990)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 39 (1990), S. 127-131 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Budesonide ; Cortisol ; Leukocytes ; inhalation ; healthy volunteers ; circadian rhythm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twelve healthy males (mean age 27.6 y, range 23–35 y) took part in a randomized, double-blind, crossover study of the effect of blood sampling technique (separate isolated venepunctures vs use of an IV cannula) and frequency (overnight vs morning) on plasma cortisol and white blood cell count after inhalation of a single dose of budesonide 3.2 mg or placebo, in order to establish the more sensitive method for future use. Sampling technique and frequency affected neither leucocytes nor plasma or urinary cortisol. Budesonide suppressed both plasma and urine free cortisol and delayed the nocturnal rise due to the circadian rhythm, thus reducing the AUC of plasma cortisol vs time. Lymphocytes, eosinophils and monocytes were decreased and neutrophils and total white blood cells were increased by the high dose of budesonide used. Lymphocytes and neutrophils showed significant changes earlier than eosinophils and cortisol and may be the variables of choice under certain conditions. Frequent sampling gave more complete information about the systemic effect of the drug than single morning samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00280045
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impairment of estramustine phosphate absorption by concurrent intake of milk and food (1990)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 38 (1990), S. 189-193 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: estramustine phosphate ; prostatic cancer ; gastrointestinal absorption ; food intake ; calcium ; drug interaction ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of milk and food on the pharmacokinetics of estramustine phosphate was investigated in six patients with prostatic cancer. In a randomized three-way cross-over study, the patients were given single doses of the drug together with low calcium water, low calcium food and milk. The evaluation was based upon the plasma concentration of two metabolites, estromustine and estrone, as parent drug could not be detected in plasma. The tmax and lag time of estromustine were significantly increased by milk and food intake and Cmax and AUC were significantly decreased. In comparison with water, the AUC of estromustine was 41% when the drug was taken with milk and 67% after simultaneous intake of standardized food. Corresponding figures for the peak values were 32 and 57%, respectively. The effect of milk and food intake on the pharmacokinetics of estrone was similar. Studies in vitro demonstrated that the dissolution of estramustine phosphate disodium was markedly impaired in the presence of calcium. It was concluded that the rate and extent of absorption of estramustine phosphate were decreased when the drug was taken with milk or food due to the formation of a poorly absorbable calcium complex. To obtain high and reproducible absorption of Estracyt®, the drug should not be taken together with milk, milk products or other calcium-rich food or drugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265983
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Topical and systemic glucocorticoid potencies of budesonide and beclomethasone dipropionate in man (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 22 (1982), S. 523-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: beclomethasone diproprionate ; budesonide ; glucocorticoids ; aerosol ; plasma cortisol ; differential WBC ; topical effect ; topical administration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Topical anti-inflammatory (cutaneous “vasoconstriction”) and systemic glucocorticoid (depression of plasma cortisol and changes in differential WBC count) potencies of the two glucocorticoids budesonide and beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) were compared in human volunteers. After topical application, budesonide was 2–3 times more potent than BDP in inducing “vasoconstriction”. After oral administration, on the other hand, budesonide was 2–4 times less potent than BDP in depressing plasma cortisol and changing the total or differential WBC. After inhalation, too, significant differences in favour of budesonide were noted, but the divergence between the drugs was less pronounced. The improved relationship between the topical and systemic glucocorticoid effects of budesonide makes it a promising alternative for aerosol treatment in asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609625
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of estramustine phosphate (Estracyt®) in prostatic cancer patients (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 113-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: estramustine phosphate ; prostatic cancer ; pharmacokinetics ; metabolism ; estramustine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of estramustine phosphate (EMP) was studied in five prostatic cancer patients given single i.v. and oral doses of EMP in a cross-over study. Plasma and urinary concentrations of parent drug, estramustine, estromustine (the estrone analogue), estradiol and estrone were followed for 32 h. The elimination of intravenous EMP from plasma was biphasic. The mean volumes of distribution were small, being 43 and 108 ml/kg for the central and peripheral compartments, respectively. The plasma clearance was 64 ml/kg/h, and the half-lives of the two phases were 0.16 and 1.27 h. Metabolism was the major route of elimination of EMP. It was readily dephosphorylated and oxidized to yield the cytotoxic metabolites estramustine and estromustine. Estromustine was the main metabolite in plasma. When given orally EMP underwent extensive presystemic dephosphorylation, which started in the gastrointestinal tract. The relative bioavailability of estromustine after administration of EMP-capsules was 44%, which reflects incomplete absorption of EMP rather than first-pass metabolism of estromustine. The terminal half-life of estromustine was 10–20 h, which suggests that EMP might be given once or twice a day.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00546718
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