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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epidemiology of Chinese hamsters and preliminary evidence for genetic heterogeneity of diabetes (1974)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 10 (1974), S. 581-588 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Chinese hamster ; diabetes ; ketonuria ; survival rates ; epidemiology ; urinary incontinence ; genetic heterogeneity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two populations of Chinese hamsters have been produced. The nondiabetic population was from nondiabetic parents and the diabetic-producing population was from diabetic parents. Both populations had fixed reproducible genetic background since dams and sires were from inbred sublines. Sixty percent of males, but only 37% of females, born to diabetic parents developed diabetes.— Life span for males was nondiabetics 〉 mild diabetics 〉 ketonuric diabetics. Results for females were equivocal. Mortality of severe ketonuric diabetics appears to be related to urinary tract involvement. Survival appears to be related to abnormal metabolism, not genotype. On the basis of available data males appear more suitable for epidemiological studies on the incidence, onset, and severity of diabetes, on the evaluation of treatment of the disease, and on the longevity of diabetics. —Data on crossing diabetics from different sublines suggest that diabetic Chinese hamsters can have different genotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01221989
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterogeneity of dystrophin expression in patients with Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy (1990)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 80 (1990), S. 239-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Dystrophin ; Duchenne muscular dystrophy ; Becker muscular dystrophy ; Muscle proteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This report documents the results of an integrated biochemical and immunocytochemical investigation into the expression of dystrophin (the protein product of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy gene) in muscle biopsies from 226 patients. It is the first study in which dystrophin has been analysed on blots and on tissue sections in such a large number of patients using the same (monoclonal) antibody. The 140 patients with Xp21 muscular dystrophy who were included in this study represent a continuous spectrum of disease severity and this range was reflected in the heterogeneity of dystrophin expression which was observed with respect to abundance, size and the pattern of tissue localisation. Approximately 40% of biopsies obtained from patients diagnosed as having Duchenne muscular, dystrophy (DMD) contained isolated clearly positive fibres and a further 20% had very weak labelling on a large number of fibres. Biopsies from patients with Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) showed labelling patterns which varied from weak labelling on the majority of fibres to clear labelling on all fibres. Typically, however, there was inter-and intra-fibre variation in labelling intensity. Approximately 85% of the 52 BMD and 54 DMD patients who had unequivocal labelling on blots demonstrated a protein of abnormal size. The remaining 15% had a protein of normal size but reduced abundance. Overall, the estimated abundance of dystrophin correlated well with clinical assessments of the disease severity expressed in patients: We conclude that dystrophin analysis is an essential and dependable technique for the differential diagnosis of patients with Xp21 muscular dystrophy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294640
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Association between the mollusc bivalve Loripes lucinalis and a Chlamydia-like organism, with comments on its pathogenic impact, life cycle and possible mode of transmission (1995)
    Springer
    Marine biology 123 (1995), S. 523-530 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Loripes lucinalis is a littoral bivalve which has already been confirmed to harbour endo-cellular sulfur-oxidizing bacteria within its gills. Examination of the digestive gland of L. lucinalis collected from the Moulin Blanc Beach in the Bay of Brest (Brittany, France) revealed the existence of an additional association involving a Chlamydia-like organism. Three different forms of Chlamydia-like bacteria were observed: reticulate rod-shaped cells, electron-dense cells and enlarged cells. The reticulate rod-shaped cells and the electron-dense bodies are thought to represent the germinal initial body and infectious form of the bacteria, respectively. The enlarged cells were always associated with what are believed to be spherical or icosahedral phages. Initial infestation seems to occur by phagocytosis at the apical pole of the digestive cells of the tubule and duct epithelia. Within the host cell, the bacteria undergo binary fission and budding, forming an inclusion which gradually fills up the cell. Inclusions are generally between 15 and 30 μm in size, and 〉 85% of all individuals examined possessed inclusion bodies. The level of infestation varied between individuals, some being heavily colonized, but did not seem to be related to season. Histological and ultrastructural observations suggest that, once developed, the colony has three possible fates: (1) the cells will degenerate due to phage infection; (2) colony overcrowding will occur, causing the development of electron-dense bodies that will be released into the lumen; (3) the entire membrane-bound inclusion will be released into the lumen and subsequently into the pallial cavity. Inclusions within the pallial cavity may be ingested by the host or may even be phagocytized by bacteriocyte cells of the gill. It is proposed that this association could be a form of symbiosis and that L. lucinalis may, therefore, be a rare example of an organism adapted to harbour two very different symbioses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349231
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pharmacokinetics of lamivudine in patients with impaired hepatic function (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 54 (1998), S. 363-366 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Lamivudine ; Hepatic impairment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics of lamivudine. Methods: Sixteen patients not infected with hepatitis B virus or human immunodeficiency virus who had hepatic impairment due to liver cirrhosis were assigned to moderately or severely impaired groups by clinical signs/symptoms, 14C-aminopyrine metabolic activity and caffeine clearance and compared with eight healthy controls. Following a 300-mg dose of lamivudine, blood and urine samples were taken for drug assay. Results: Lamivudine was well tolerated in patients with hepatic impairment. There were no statistical differences in overall lamivudine exposure (in terms of AUC or Cmax) or other major pharmacokinetic parameters i.e. CLR, tmax and t1/2, between healthy control subjects and patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment. Conclusions: Hepatic impairment does not warrant dose modification of lamivudine based on this single-dose pharmacokinetic study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050476
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recombination of Br−2 photodissociated within mass selected ionic clusters (1988)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 88 (1988), S. 6200-6210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Photofragmentation studies of mass selected Br−2⋅(CO2)n, n≤24, cluster ions are presented. The heterogeneous cluster ions are synthesized in a supersonic expansion crossed with an electron beam. These ionic clusters are mass analyzed in a time-of-flight mass spectrometer prior to photodissociation of the Br−2 absorber in the cluster. Mass analysis of the ionic photofragments shows that in some cases the photodissociated Br−2 has recombined and in other cases a Br atom has escaped from the cluster. The branching ratio for recombination depends on both the size of the initial cluster ion and the photodissociation wavelength. The photofragmentation data are consistent with a recombination mechanism dominated by attractive forces in the smaller clusters and repulsive interactions in the larger clusters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.454458
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photofragmentation of (CO2)+nB: Simple energy dependence for the number of neutrals ejected, 13〈n〈26 (1985)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 82 (1985), S. 5288-5289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ionic photofragmentation patterns of (CO2)+n, 2〈n〈26, are determined at 1064, 650, and 532 nm, and are found to be remarkably simple. The average number of neutral CO2 molecules lost increases smoothly with cluster size, approaching a constant value that depends linearly on the photon energy. A model for involving sequential loss of CO2 monomers is indicated, and the average CO2-cluster bond energy is found to be constant at 4.9 kcal/mol for n〉13.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.448605
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Argon predissociation and electron autodetachment spectroscopy of size-selected CH3NO2−⋅Arn clusters (2001)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 115 (2001), S. 10718-10723 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Photodetachment spectra of CH3NO2−⋅Arn clusters in the mid-IR are dominated by three strong resonances. These are assigned to autodetaching (AD) C–H stretching vibrational transitions in the valence (as opposed to dipole-bound) form of the molecular anion on the basis of a H/D isotopic substitution study and their solvation dependence. The AD resonances disappear promptly upon addition of the third argon atom, while the resonant structure appears in the action spectrum for formation of CH3NO2− photoproducts for n≥2. The strong argon solvation dependence of the photoproducts is traced to the rapidly changing endoergicity of the electron loss channel due to the differential solvation behavior of the valence anion relative to the neutral. We discuss a statistical limit for this competition, and introduce an intramolecular vibrational energy redistribution mediated AD mechanism unique to polyatomic anions. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1418251
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of Turbulent Scattering in Long-Distance Radio Propagation at Metre Wave-Lengths (1958)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 182 (1958), S. 302-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SOME controversy has recently arisen1 in regard to the practical confirmation of the theoretical prediction2?3 that a permanent mechanism of longdistance propagation of short radio waves will arise from scattering by randomly distributed irregularities of refractive index associated with ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/182302b0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A pulsed supersonic entrainment reactor for the rational preparation of cold ionic complexes (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 4431-4434 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We describe an ion source for the efficient preparation of cold ion-molecule complexes, X−⋅M. The method relies on condensation of solvent molecules, M, onto argon-solvated ions, X−⋅Arm, where the X−⋅Arm species are formed in a primary expansion and the molecular partner, M, is interfaced to this flow in the hydrodynamic region by supersonic entrainment. This hybrid "supersonic afterglow" reactor provides a clean synthetic approach for both bare and argon-solvated complexes, where the latter are particularly useful since their structures can be characterized by "nanomatrix" infrared predissociation spectroscopy. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1326931
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    BaI product state distribution from the reaction Ba+CF3I (1986)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 85 (1986), S. 5723-5732 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Under single-collision beam–gas scattering conditions the Ba+CF3I→Bal+CF3 reaction has been studied using laser induced fluorescence to detect the BaI X 2∑+ product. The resulting BaI C 2Π–X 2∑+ excitation spectrum has a complex appearance owing to the similarity of the upper and lower state rotational constants, causing a reversal in band shading, and owing to a predissociation in the upper state, causing a break off in the fluorescence of high vibrational levels in each spin-orbit subband. From the predissociation onset an upper bound of 78.5±0.5 kcal/mol is placed on the BaI bond energy. The vibrational population distribution is shown to be bell shaped, peaking near v‘=50, and accounts for most of the available energy. The average energy appearing in BaI rotation decreases with increasing BaI vibrational excitation. The BaI rotational distribution has a width comparable to that of the vibrational distribution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.451533
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