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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The suitability of DNA cytometry for the prediction of the histological diagnosis in women with abnormal cervical smears (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 103 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To analyse the suitability of DNA cytometry for predicting the histological diagnosis in women with cervical dyskaryosis.Design Survey with the use of diagnostic information to revise disease probability.Setting Colposcopy clinic of a university hospital.Participants One hundred and ten women with two mildly or moderately dyskaryotic cervical smears and 98 women with one severely dyskaryotic smear.Interventions DNA cytometric analysis using cytocentrifuge preparations of single cell suspensions from a cervical scrape. The main DNA cytometric parameter was N5C (i.e. the absolute number of cells with a DNA content of more than 5C on a given surface with a predefined cell density).Main outcome measure The probability of finding CIN II or worse. On arbitrary grounds, a positive test should point to a probability of 85% or higher.Results In the patients with cervical neoplasia, the value of N5C increased significantly with an increasing CIN grade (P 〈 0.001). In the patients with one severely dyskaryotic smear and in those with two mildly or moderately dyskaryotic smears, the prior probability of finding CIN II or worse was 94% and 53%, respectively. Therefore, DNA cytometric analysis might be particularly useful in women with mild or moderate dyskaryosis; further analysis was restricted to this group. All of the women in whom the N5C value was higher than 52 were diagnosed as having CIN II or worse. Only 16 (14.5%) of the 110 women had an N5C value of 52 or higher. When the N5C value was 27, the probability of finding CIN II or worse was estimated to be 85%. Only 28 (25%) patients had an N5C value of 27 or higher.Conclusions DNA cytometry produced significant diagnostic information, as was shown by the relation between N5C and the histological diagnosis. However, the N5C value could not discriminate sufficiently between women with CIN II or worse and CIN I or better. Therefore, the management of individual patients with cytological abnormalities cannot be based on the results of DNA cytometric analysis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1996.tb09742.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning and characterization of mepA, the structural gene of the penicillin-insensitive murein endopeptidase from Escherichia coli (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 4 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The putative structural gene mepA of the penicillin-insensitive murein endopeptidase from Escherichia coli was cloned and sequenced. N-terminal sequence determination with the isolated endopeptidase protein showed that this enzyme is coded by the mepA gene and that it is synthesized initially with an N-terminal signal peptide. No significant sequence homoiogy with the other (penicillin-sensitive) murein endopeptidase (dacB) or any other protein was found. The precise chromosomal mapping position of mepA relative to two other genes, aroC and fabB, was shown to be 50.4 min. E. coli strains carrying multicopy plasmids with the mepA gene produced 5-6-fold more endopeptidase and secreted it into the periplasm, where it appeared to function normally in vivo since the release of ceil wall peptides into the medium increased in parallel. The transformed cells were, however, not unusually sensitive to penicillin and their murein had a normal degree of cross-bridges.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00588.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Atypical mitotic figures and the mitotic index in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (1995)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 427 (1995), S. 139-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Mitoses ; Atypical mitotic figures ; Cervical neoplasia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We surveyed cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) to quantify the proliferation rate and the presence of normal and atypical mitotic figures. In the cervical tissue specimens of 127 women with CIN, the area with the highest cell proliferation was identified and, at that site, the proliferation rate was assessed by calculating the mitotic index (MI). Lesions with an MI 〈2 were not considered further. In the area with the highest proliferation rate, 228 mitoses were classified into one of the following groups: normal mitotic figures (NMFs), lag-type mitoses (LTMs) comprising three group metaphases (3GMs), two group metaphases (2GMs) and other lag-type mitoses (OLTMs), multipolar mitoses (MPMs) comprising tripolar mitoses (3PMs) and quadripolar mitoses (4PMs), and other atypical mitotic figures (OAMFs). The median value of the MI increased significantly from 3 in CIN I through 4 in CIN II to 9 in CIN III (P〈0.001). The occurrence of the different LTMs was mutually correlated. The frequency of LTMs increased significantly with increasing CIN grade (P〈0.001), whereas the frequency of NMFs decreased significantly with increasing CIN grade (P〈0.001). The frequency of OAMFs was not related to CIN grade (P=0.94). MPMs were present in low numbers in a minority of the lesions. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (with 95% confidence limits) between the MI and the number of LTMs, OAMFs and NMFs was 0.66 (0.53; 0.75), −0.14 (−0.32; 0.05) and −0.51 (−0.63; −0.35), respectively. Increasing CIN grade is associated with increasing MI, increasing numbers of LTMs, and decreasing numbers of NMFs. MPMs are very rare events in CIN. The abundant presence of OAMFs seems to be independent of CIN grade and MI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196518
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An overall equation for the first ionization equilibrium of carbonic acid (1968)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 304 (1968), S. 20-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Carbonic Acid-Bicarbonate Equilibrium ; Activity of Bicarbonate Ion ; Henderson-Hasselbalch Equation ; Kohlensäure-Bicarbonat-Gleichgewicht ; Aktivität von Bicarbonat-Ion ; Henderson-Hasselbalch-Gleichung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This article deals with the equilibrium of carbonic acid in sodiumbicarbonate solutions and in the body fluids to be considered as such: cerebrospinal fluid and blood plasma. The main problem is how to choose an equation for the 1 st ionization equilibrium of carbonic acid. The thermodynamic theory of equilibrium is given clearly distinguishing a true constant $$\bar K$$ (product of activities) and the practical coefficientsK (product of concentrations) andK' (product of activities and concentrations). By virtue of this theory it is shown that the 1st ionization equilibrium of carbonic acid in the solutions above-mentioned may best be described by the overall 1st ionization equation as related to the CO2 in the gas phase—the modified Henderson-Hasselbalch equation—: $$pH = pK'_{lg} - \log P_{CO_2 } + \log {\text{ [HCO}}_{\text{3}} ^ - ].$$
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00586715
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical manoeuvres that reduce postural hypotension in autonomic failure (1993)
    Springer
    Clinical autonomic research 3 (1993), S. 57-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-1560
    Keywords: Orthostatic tolerance ; Blood pressure ; Heart rate ; Venous pooling ; Central blood volume ; Autonomic circulatory function ; Standing up
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Guest Lecture A Young female with autonomic failure is described. She successfully reduced the symptoms of orthostatic hypotension by application of physical manoeuvres like leg-crossing, bending forward and placing a foot on a chair. The beneficial effects of these manoeuvres can be explained by a small (10–15 mmHg) increase in mean arterial pressure to a level just sufficient to maintain adequate cerebral blood flow. The underlying common mechanism appears to be an increase of thoracic blood volume by translocation of blood from the vascular beds below the diaphragm to the chest. Instruction in these physical manoeuvres should be part of the management programme to reduce the disabilities arising from postural hypotension in patients with autonomic failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01819146
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