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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Bone marrow transplantation ; Anti-CMV hypergammaglobulin ; Azyklovir ; Conditioning
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Bone marrow transplantation was performed between IV/82 and X/85 in 64 patients with acute leukemia (n=36), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML;n=13), severe aplastic anemia (n=12), and neuroblastoma stage IV (n=3). Of these patients 57 received allogeneic marrow from HLA-ABCDR identical, MLC-negative sibling donors. Six transplants were performed with syngenic marrow and one with autologous marrow. Of the 64 patients 48 survived 40-1,250 days after transplantation, resulting in a survival rate (SR) of 75% and a survival probability (SP) of 71%. Of the 36 patients suffering from acute leukemia (SR=64%, SP=51%), patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in first complete remission (n=11; SR=81%, SP=76%), as well as patients with acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL) in 1st to 4th complete remission at the time of transplantation (n=14; SR=81%, SP=76%) show a favorable prognosis. A poor survival rate was seen for patients with AML when transplanted in second or partial remission (1/5; SR=20%), as well as for patients suffering from ALL and transplanted during relapse or partial remission (1/6; SR=16%). Of 13 patients suffering from CML 12 survived the transplantation free of relapse (SR=93%, SP=92%), and one patient died from varicella zoster pneumonia. Of the transplanted patients with severe aplastic anemia, 12 of 13 are surviving with complete hematologic reconstitution; one patient, however, died on day 10 from a sepsis. In our patient group, the SR as well as the SP has been improved through changes in the irradiation protocol concomitant with prophylactic application of anti-CMV hypergammaglobulin, as well as through additional oral medication of Azyklovir. The 41 patients (BMT No. 7–47) with total body irradiation at one time-show an SR of 44% and an SP of 41%. The following 46 patients (BMT No. 48–93) have reached an SR of 83% and an SP of 74% under the regimen of fractionated total body irradiation, plus prophylaxis with anti-CMV hypergammaglobulin and Azyklovir. Within this group, no fatal CMV pneumonia was encountered as opposed to six patients lost from CMV pneumonia in the first group.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 71 (1993), S. 822-824 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Keywords: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) ; Pneumonitis ; Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) ; Bone marrow transplantation (BMT)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a retrospective analysis lung biopsy specimens obtained postmortem from 30 consecutive allogeneic bone marrow transplant recipients who had died of either interstitial pneumonitis (IP; 18/30 patients) or various other causes (12/30 patients) were studied for the local presence of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) by culture, in situ hybridization, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry for HCMV proteins. All patients suffering from IP were found to be HCMV positive in the lung biopsy. PCR revealed the highest sensitivity for HCMV detection in lung biopsies, but in 15/18 PCR-positive samples local HCMV infection could be confirmed by at least one additional technique. All the lung biopsies obtained from the 12 patients without IP were negative for HCMV by all techniques applied, except one with a weak HCMV-DNA signal in the PCR assay. The severity of the clinical, as well as histological and immunohistological alterations in the lung did not correlate with the amount of HCMV-DNA or the number of HCMV-positive cells detected in the biopsy. An increase of HLA-class II antigen and of ICAM-1 expression on the alveolar epithelium, as well as presence of activated CD8+ or CD4+ lymphocytes infiltrating only HCMV-positive lung biopsies revealed T cell-mediated immune reactions to be involved in the pathogenesis of IP. Since all analyzed patients presented with severe acute or extensive chronic graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), but only those with pulmonary HCMV infection developed IP, dissemination of HCMV appears to be the primary requirement for the initiation of IP. GvHD, however, may interfere with normal control of subsequent antiviral immune responses and, thus, provoke the immunopathology of IP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Gene cloning and sequencing of theHLA-B locus split antigens B38 (B16.1) and B39 (B16.2) allowed localization of their subtypic as well as their public specificities HLA-Bw4 or-Bw6 to the α-helical region of the α 1 domain flanked by the amino acid positions 74–83. Comparison of their amino acid sequences with those of otherHLA-B-locus alleles established HLA-Bw6 to be distinguished by Ser at residue 77 and Asn at residue 80. In contrast, HLA-Bw4 is characterized by at least seven different patterns of amino acid exchanges at positions 77 and 80–83. Reactivity patterns of Bw4-or Bw6-specific monoclonal antibodies reveal two alloantigenic epitopes contributing to the HLA-Bw4 or-Bw6 specificity residing next to the region of highest diversity of the α 1 domain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Allele-specific differences in the regulation of HLA class I genes by type I interferon (IFN) were observed after transfection of eight HLA-B,-A, or-C genes into mouse L cells. HLA-B7 and -Bw64 gene expression was significantly more inductible by type I IFN than the genes coding for HLA-B27, HLA-B51, HLA-B38, HLA-B39, HLA-Cw3, and HLA-A2 antigens. Modification of the 5′ end of HLA-B7 and HLA-B27 genes revealed the presence of enhancer sequences responding to IFN treatment in the 5′ untranslated region of HLA-B7, but not of HLA-B27 and suggested further, independently acting enhancer elements downstream of the transciption initiation site. Comparison of 5′ enhancer region sequences in correlation with type I IFN inducibility of the different HLA class I alleles indicated that the exchange of only two nucleotides in the interferon response sequence (IRS) or enhancer A region of HLA-B7 or -Bw64 could account for nonregulated promoters in all other HLA-A,-B or -C alleles analyzed. Thus, type I IFN stimulation of HLA class I genes in mouse L cells appears to predominantly operate in most alleles by a mechanism targeted to enhancer sequences downstream of the gene's transcription initiation site.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 681 (1993), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1433-0385
    Keywords: Key words: Mesenteric cyst ; Ureteral obstruction ; Abdominal masses ; Intraabdominal cyst. ; Schlüsselwörter: Mesenterialcyste ; Ureterenkompression ; abdominelle Raumforderung ; intraabdominelle Cyste.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung. Mesenterialcysten stellen ein seltenes Krankheitsbild dar. Bei unserem Patienten handelte es sich um eine sehr große Mesenterialcyste, welche zu einer beidseitigen Ureterkompression mit konsekutiver Hydronephrose führte. Wegen des Risikos einer malignen Entartung und der Rezidivcystenbildung ist die Standardtherapie eine komplette und radikale Cystenexstirpation. Eine solche radikale Exstirpation war in unserem Fall aufgrund der Größe der Cyste nicht möglich, wir mußten daher auf eine Fensterung und externe Drainage ausweichen. Danach war der Patient zunehmend beschwerdefrei, ein Rezidiv konnte auch nach einem halben Jahr nicht gefunden werden.
    Notes: Summary. Mesenteric cysts are a rare cause of disease. In our hospital we treated one patient who suffered from bilateral ureteral obstruction followed by hydronephrosis, caused by a large mesenteric cyst. Because of its extent complete enucleation – the surgical procedure of choice – was not possible. We opened the cyst and made an external percutaneous drainage. After this treatment the patient recovered and even after 6 months there was no recurrence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Surgical endoscopy and other interventional techniques 13 (1999), S. 1070-1076 
    ISSN: 1432-2218
    Keywords: Key words: Acute pancreatitis — Cholelithiasis — Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography — Laparoscopic cholecystectomy — Surgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background: In acute gallstone pancreatitis, the ideal point in time for laparoscopic cholecystectomy with special reference to the severity of the disease has been prospectively analyzed. Methods: A total of 77 patients with biliary acute pancreatitis were admitted between November 1993 and July 1998 (37 men and 40 women; mean age, 63 years; median Apache II score, 13.3) and staged by contrast-enhanced computed tomography findings as having edematous or necrotizing disease. Results: In 48 patients, laparoscopic cholecystectomy was found to be possible: 35 patients (73%) with mild and 13 patients (27%) with severe acute pancreatitis. The overall success rate was 79% (38 of 48 patients), with 85% (30 of 35 patients) and 62% (8 of 13 patients) having mild and severe disease, respectively. Median duration of time between onset of symptoms and surgery was 10 days (range, 4–19 days) in edematous and 14 days (range, 7–29 days) in necrotizing pancreatitis (p= 0.0353). Operating time (median, 80 min) and hospital stay (median, 5 days) were almost the same in both groups. Total morbidity was 8%, with no mortality. Conclusions: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy with preoperative endoscopic common bile duct clearance is recommended as a treatment of choice for biliary acute pancreatitis. In mild disease, this is performed safely within 7 days, whereas in severe disease, especially in extended pancreatic necrosis, at least 3 weeks should elapse because of an increased infection risk.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1433-044X
    Keywords: Key words Unreamed nailing • Tibia • Open fracture • Primary osteosynthesis • Clinical study ; Schlüsselwörter Unaufgebohrte Marknagelung • Tibia • Offene Fraktur • Primäre Osteosynthese • Klinische Studie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zwischen 04/91 und 06/96 wurden 69 offene Unterschenkelfrakturen primär am Unfalltag mittels ungebohrter Marknagelung (UTN, Synthes™) versorgt. Die Verteilung des Frakturtyps (AO-Klassifikation) und Weichteilschadens (Gustilo) war wie folgt: Frakturtyp: A: 28 %, B: 52 %, C: 20 %. Weichteilschaden: I: 30 %, II: 28 %, IIIA: 12 %, IIIB: 12 %, IIIC: 6 %. Von 65 beurteilbaren Frakturen heilten 46 (71 %) ohne sekundäre Maßnahmen in 18 Wochen aus. Bei drei Frakturen kam es zur verzögerten Heilung, so daß ein Verfahrenswechsel zur aufgebohrten Marknagelung notwendig wurde; 8 Frakturen (12 %) entwickelten eine Pseudarthrose, wovon 5 (8 %) ohne weitere Komplikationen ausheilten. Bei 4 Frakturen (6 %) kam es zum tiefen Infekt; 3 der 4 Infekte entstanden nach Sekundäreingriffen zur Therapie einer Pseudarthrose; 7/8 der Pseudarthrosen und 3/4 der Infekte konnten zur Ausheilung gebracht werden. 2. Eingriffe waren bei 11 Patienten (17 %) aufgrund von Frakturheilungsstörungen oder Infekt notwendig (10 aufgebohrte Marknagelungen, 3 Spongiosaplastiken, je eine Sequestrektomie, Fibulaosteotomie, Plattenosteosynthese, Fixateur-externe-Anlage, Monorailverfahren). Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß mit dem UTN gleich gute Infektraten, wie nach Fixateur externe Behandlung erreichbar sind. Vorteile des UTN ist jedoch eine geringere Rate an 2. Eingriffen bei größerem Patientenkomfort. Daher ist der UTN für uns eine gute Alternative zum Fixateur externe in der Behandlung von offenen Frakturen mit schwerem Weichteilschaden.
    Notes: Summary From 04/91 to 06/96 sixty-nine open fractures of the tibia were primarily treated on the day of the accident with unreamed nailing (UTN, Synthes™). The distributions of fracture type according to the AO classification and of soft tissue injury according to Gustilo were as follows: fracture type: A: 28 %, B: 52 %, C: 20 %; soft tissue injury: I: 30 %, II: 28 %, IIIA: 12 %, IIIB: 12 %, IIIC: 6 %. Of the 65 fractures assessed 46 (71 %) healed within 18 weeks without secondary intervention. There was delayed healing in three fractures requiring secondary conversion to reamed nailing. Eight fractures (12 %) developed pseudarthrosis of which five (8 %) healed uneventfully. Deep infections was manifest in four fractures (6 %). Three of these infections developed after secondary intervention to treat pseudarthrosis. Seven of the eight pseudarthroses and three of the four infections healed eventually. Revision procedures were necessary in 11 patients (17 %) to deal with disturbed fracture healing or infection (10 reamed nailing procedures, three cancellous bone grafts, and one of each of the following: sequestrectomy, fibular osteotomy, plate fixation, external fixator, monorail procedure). The results show that the same good infection rates were achieved for the UTN as for the external fixator. The advantages of the UTN are, however, a lesser need for secondary intervention and greater patient comfort. Therefore, we find the UTN to be a good alternative to the external fixator in the treatment of open fractures with severe soft tissue damage.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 9 (1990), S. 595-600 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A total of 317 different clinical samples obtained from patients following bone marrow transplantation and 56 blood and urine samples from seronegative control persons were screened for the presence of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) using virus culture and slot-blot hybridization. Immunohistochemical techniques using monoclonal antibodies to various viral antigens and in situ hybridization techniques were also utilised for detection of CMV in tissue samples. In cell suspensions of blood, bone marrow and effusions, and in liver biopsies, CMV DNA could be demonstrated more often by slot-blot and in situ hybridization techniques than by virus culture or immunostaining of viral antigens. For detection of CMV in lung biopsies and other clinical samples containing mainly cell-free virus, such as urine, bronchial lavage and throat washings, virus culture was found to be at least as sensitive as the hybridization techniques. Immunostaining proved to be a fast and sensitive technique for detection of CMV in tissues and may thus provide additional information about viral replication and clinical relevance of the virus infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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