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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Regional CBF ; Thermoclearance ; In vitro pharmacology ; Isolated brain vessels ; Isoprenaline ; Terbutaline ; Practolol ; Propranolol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Blood flow in the caudate nucleus was measured by the thermoclearance technique in non-anesthetized rabbits, accompanied by recording of electrocorticogram, systemic blood pressure, andPa O 2 andPa CO 2 (mass spectrometry). Isoprenaline increased caudate nucleus blood flow and reduced systemic blood pressure. The beta2-receptor agonist, terbutaline, on the other hand, had only peripheral effects. The caudate nucleus flow response was selectively blocked by the beta1-receptor antagonist, practolol, whereas propranolol inhibited all effects of both agonists. Isoprenaline dilated isolated pieces of the tributary artery (middle cerebral) tested in cats, the effect being inhibited not only by propranolol but also by practolol. The results offer further evidence for the view that the beta-receptors in the cerebral vascular bed are of the beta1-type.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 16 (1978), S. 59-64 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Blood-gas partial pressures ; Continuous monitoring ; Mass spectrometer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommaire La spectrometrie de masse a été adaptée à la mesure continue, quantitative, rapide (constante de temps inférieure à 1 minute) des pressions partielles des gaz dans le sang. Les caractéristiques de la membrane en polyéthylène ainsi que la géométrie de la canule sont telles que la mesure est indépendante de la vitesse du flux sanguin, ce qui permet pour la première fois l’expression en mm Hg des pressions partielles des gaz aussi bien dans le milieu artériel que dans le milieu veineux.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung In einem früher veröffentlichten Artikel (Seylaz u.a., 1974) beschrieben wir technische Verbesserungen, die im Vergleich mit anderen bekannten Verfahren zu einer Verringerung der sogenannten Verarmungserscheinung führten. Diese Verbesserung beruht auf der Entwicklung einer asymmetrischen Kanüle und einer silastischen Membran, die so in der Arterie angeordnet werden können, daß die sensitiven Saugzonen dem Lumen zugewandt sind, wo der Blutdurchfluß am schnellsten ist. Mit dieser asymetrischen Kanüle wurde die Verarmung in der Arterie auf ein geringfügiges maß beschränkt und in der Vene, wo das Blut viel langsamer fließt, auf 10–15% herabgesetzt. In diesem Artikel berichten wir über die weiters Entwicklung der Probekanüle, welche, durch Verinfachung der Meßtechnik, die Verarmungserscheinung für schneller als 1 cm pro Sekunde fließendes Blut ganz ausschaltet. Dies führt zu einer höheren Zuverlässigkeit der Messungen, so daß quantitative Messungen in einem beliebigen Blutmedium, einschließlich der Vene, durchgeführt werden können und doch eine gute Zeitkonstante beibehalten wird.
    Notes: Abstract A technique using a quadrupole mass spectrometer has been developed for the continuous measurement of partial pressures of physiological blood gases. The depletion phenomenon is eliminated with a new sampling cannula equiped with a polyethylene membrane for velocities greater than 1 cm per second. The importance of this development resides in the fact that this phenomenon, which is due to a sampling rate around the cannula in excess of the remplacement by the medium of the molecules withdrawn, leads to an under-estimation of the real partial pressure which increases as the blood velocity falls. Thanks to the new cannula, accurate measurements can now be made in both arteries and veins; moreover, continuous observation of physiological phenomena can be carried out with a time constant of under 1 minute resulting from the thinness of the membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 18 (1980), S. 39-47 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Cerebral blood flow ; Isotope clearance ; Noninvasive technique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The validity of atraumatic measurements of regional cerebral blood flow (r.c.b.f) by intravenous injection of Xenon 133 has been studied in 17 patients with cerebrovascular diseases. The results were directly compared with those obtained in the same subjects using the intracarotid-injection method. Clearance curves obtained by the intravenous method were analysed by means of a bicompartmental model of blood circulation corrected for recirculation of the tracer. Use of different modes of intravenous injection and systematic analysis of the portion of the clearance curve usable for estimation of regional cerebral blood flow enabled the authors to define the optimal conditions for measurement of r.c.b.f. in subjects with cerebrovascular disorders. A predominant source of error was found to be the difficulty in defining the exact instant when clearance begins. As a result, the best conditions were as follows: slow injection (1 min) of tracer and analysis of the portion of clearance curve between 3 and 11 min after the beginning of the clearance. Under these conditions this atraumatic method is as precise in subjects with cerebrovascular disease as in those with normal cerebral circulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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