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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 50 (1996), S. 97-100 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Diprafenone ; Digoxin ; Drug interaction; antiarrhythmics ; human pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This study was conducted to investigate the effect of diprafenone on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of digoxin. Twelve healthy men, all rapid hydroxylators of debrisoquine, received digoxin (0.5 mg per day over 7 days with a loading dose of 2 × 1 mg) or digoxin and diprafenone (3 × 100 mg per day) in three different phases, without a wash-out period (phase 1, digoxin alone; phase 2, digoxin + diprafenone; phase 3, digoxin alone). Blood and urine samples were collected for pharmacokinetic analyses. Diprafenone caused a statistically significant increase in digoxin trough concentrations [1.4 (SD 0.2) vs 1.6 (0.3) ng ⋅ml−1], AUC0–24 values [41 (7) vs 48 (9) ng⋅h⋅ml−1 and Css-max [3.9 (0.6) vs 5.5 (0.9) ng⋅ml−1]. In all volunteers the parameters tended to return to the original values after administration of diprafenone was discontinued [1.4 (0.3) ng⋅ml−1, 39 (11) ng⋅h⋅ml−1, and 3.9 (1.1) ng⋅ml−1 for trough concentration, AUC0–24 and Cmax respectively]. The mean relative magnitude of the increase in AUC0–24 and trough concentration values corresponded to the mean relative decrease in the renal clearance of digoxin (in both cases approximately 20%). This suggests that the increase in AUC and Css was caused by reduced renal clearance of digoxin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Diprafenone; antiarrhythmics ; bioavailability ; human ; foods ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The present study was done to investigate the effect of food on the bioavailability of diprafenone. Methods: The most important pharmacokinetic parameters (Cmax, t1/2, AUC) and the relative oral availability of a solid oral preparation of racemic diprafenone were investigated when administered to fasting subjects and 10 min after a standard meal, in an open, randomised, crossover trial. Single oral doses of 100 mg were given on two different occasions, at least 1 week apart. The serum concentrations of diprafenone and its hydroxy-metabolite were determined up to 24 hours after administration by a sensitive, specific HPLC method. Fifteen healthy, male volunteers were enrolled in the trial. Their mean height, weight and age were 183 cm, 80 kg and 22 years, respectively. Fourteen volunteers were found to be rapid hydroxylators and one was a slow hydroxylator of debrisoquine. Only data from the rapid hydroxylators were used in the statistical analysis. Results: Food increased the oral bioavailability of diprafenone by approximately 50%. This effect was similar in rapid and in slow hydroxylators. The only slow hydroxylator in this trial had an AUC0–last ratio (with food/fasting) of 1.54. These findings suggest that diprafenone should be administered in a constant temporal relationship to food.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Surface Science 74 (1978), S. 259-275 
    ISSN: 0039-6028
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Surface Science 57 (1976), S. 775-778 
    ISSN: 0039-6028
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Computing 29 (1982), S. 1-9 
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung BezeichnetD G die Menge der Ableitungsbäume einer kontextfreien GrammatikG und $$T(\mathfrak{A})$$ die Menge der von einem endlichen Baumautomaten $$\mathfrak{A}$$ akzeptierten Bäume, dann gilt: Zu jeder kontextfreien GrammatikG und jedem Baumautomaten $$\mathfrak{A}$$ existiert eine strikte InterpretationG′ vonG und eine Yield-erhaltende Projektion π′ der Bäume über dem Alphabet vonG′ in die Menge der Bäume über dem Alphabet vonG derart, daß $$\pi '(D_{G'} ) = D_G \cap T(\mathfrak{A})$$ . Dies verallgemeinert ein bekanntes Resultat über Baumtransduktoren. Weiter wird gezeigt, daß im Falle einer eindeutigen GrammatikG zusätzlich gilt: (a) FürG′ kann ebenfalls eine eindeutige Grammatik gewählt werden, und (b) es existiert eine strikte InterpretationG″ vonG mitL(G″)=L(G)−L(G′).
    Notes: Abstract The following generalization of a well-known result in tree acceptors is established. For each context-free grammarG and tree acceptor $$\mathfrak{A}$$ there exists a strict interpretationG′ ofG and a yield-preserving projection π′ from the trees over the alphabet ofG′ into the trees over the alphabet ofG such that $$\pi '(D_{G'} ) = D_G \cap T(\mathfrak{A})$$ ,D G andD G′ being the derivation trees ofG′ andG respectively and $$T(\mathfrak{A})$$ the trees accepted by $$\mathfrak{A}$$ . Moreover, ifG is unambiguous, then (a)G′ can be chosen unambiguous, and (b) there is an unambiguous strict interpretationG″ ofG such thatL(G″)=L(G)−L(G′).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Computing 5 (1970), S. 144-162 
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary As in [1], [6] and [8] is shown, round-off errors in numerical computation can be controlled with the aid of the intrrval analysis. This paper deals with the structure and the characteristics of the spaces occurring in interval analysis and presents some applications. At first the algebraic structure of these spaces is abstractly described by the definition of the quasilinear space, a generalization of the linear space. Then metric structures in these spaces are treated. As for applications only metrics are apt, which have a certain compatibility with the algebraic structure, such properties are introduced and examined. For the interval arithmetic with matrices and vectors metrics are developped, which are compatible with the algebraic structure and so are apt to estimate with. With these results for certain equations existence and uniqueness of the solution is proved as well as some iteration methods of interval analysis for the evaluation of the solution are examined and tests of convergence deduced. Finally it is shown how these iteration methods are to be carried out on a computer.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die bei der numerischen Behandlung mathematischer Probleme auf digitalen Rechenanlagen auftretenden Rundungsfehler lassen sich, wie in [1], [6] und [8] gezeigt wird, mit Hilfe der Intervallrechnung erfassen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Struktur und Eigenschaften der in der Intervallrechnung auftretenden Räume untersucht und einige für die Intervallrechnung typische Anwendungsmöglichkeiten aufgezeigt: Die algebraische Struktur dieser Räume wird axiomatisch erfaßt in der Definition des quasilinearen Raumes, einer Verallgemeinerung des linearen Raumes; anschließend werden metrische Strukturen in diesen Räumen behandelt; da für Anwendungen nur Metriken geeignet sind, die eine gewisse Verträglichkeit mit der algebraischen Struktur besitzen, werden diesbezügliche Eigenschaften eingeführt und untersucht. Speziell für die Intervallrechnung mit Vektoren und Matrizen werden Metriken mit solchen Eigenschaften entwickelt, die dann im Zusammenspiel mit der algebraischen Struktur für Abschätzungen geeignet sind. Damit werden für gewisse Gleichungen Existenz und Eindeutigkeit der Lösung bewiesen, sowie intervallmäßige Iterationsverfahren zur Berechnung der Lösung untersucht und die Konvergenzkriterien bestimmt. Die praktische Durchführung solcher Verfahren auf einer Rechenanlage wird abschließend behandelt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Computing 6 (1970), S. 104-106 
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In two previous papers [3] and [4] were deduced some statements for certain interval equations over the real number field concerning the existence and uniqueness of the solution and the convergence of iteration methods for the evaluation of the solution. This paper shows, how these statements and their proofs can be extended to analogous interval equations over the complex number field.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In früheren Arbeiten [3] und [4] wurden für gewisse Intervallgleichungssysteme über dem Körper der reellen Zahlen Kriterien für die Existenz und Eindeutigkeit einer Lösung sowie die Konvergenz von Iterationsverfahren zur Bestimmung der Lösung bewiesen. Die vorliegende Arbeit zeigt, wie diese Kriterien und ihre Beweise zu verallgemeinern sind, damit sie auch für entsprechende Intervallgleichungssysteme über den komplexen Zahlen gelten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 60 (1908), S. 247-291 
    ISSN: 0863-1778
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 52 (1913), S. 392-393 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 46 (1907), S. 269-273 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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