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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Permeability changes during cell fusion (1973)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 14 (1973), S. 293-303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary During Sendai virus-mediated fusion of mouse ascites cells, there is a loss of intracellular metabolites; at the same time accumulation from the medium is inhibited. This failure to maintain selective permeability does not occur at 0°C; it is unaffected by cytochalasin B, which inhibits fusion. It therefore represents a discrete, temperature-dependent event and may result from a weakening in membrane architecture necessary to achieve fusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01868082
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Action of diphtheria toxin does not depend on the induction of large, stable pores across biological membranes (1990)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 113 (1990), S. 67-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: diphtheria toxin ; planar bilayers ; liposomes ; Vero cells ; cadmium (Cd2+)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Vero cells exposed to diphtheria toxin at pH 4.5 leak monovalent cations but not amino acids or phosphorylated metabolites; affected cells do not take up trypan blue. Monovalent cation leakage is inhibited by 1mmCd2+, but not by 1mmZn2+ or Ca2+. Cd2+ blocks calcein leakage from liposomes and closes diphtheria toxin-induced channels in lipid bilayers. It is concluded that translocation of the A fragment of diphtheria toxin across biological membranes does not depend on the formation of large stable pores, but that small Cd2+-sensitive pores may play a role.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01869607
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Triton channels are sensitive to divalent cations and protons (1994)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 141 (1994), S. 83-90 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Phospholipid bilayers ; Triton X-100 ; Ion channels ; Calcium ; Zinc ; Protons
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Addition of Triton X-100 to planar bilayers composed of dioleoyl phosphatidyl choline, diphytanoyl phosphatidyl choline or mono-oleoyl glycerol induces single channel-like events when electrical conductivity across the bilayer is measured. Addition of divalent cations or protons causes channels to disappear; single channel conductance of remaining channels is not significantly altered; addition of EDTA or alkali (respectively) reverses the effect. It is concluded that sensitivity to divalent cations and protons need not be dependent on specific channel proteins or pore-forming toxins, but may be a feature of any aqueous pore across a lipid milieu.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232876
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential sensitivity of pneumolysin-induced channels to gating by divalent cations (1992)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 127 (1992), S. 195-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: pneumolysin ; ion channels ; lipid bilayers ; gating ; divalent cations ; toxin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The induction of channels across planar lipid bilayers by purified, recombinant pneumolysin (a hemolytic protein from Streptococcus pneumoniae) has been studied by measuring increases in electrical conductivity. Pneumolysin-induced channels exhibit a wide range of single channel conductances (〈50 pS to 〉1 nS at 0.1 m KCl). Channels can be categorized on the basis of their K+:C− selectivity: the smallest channels are strongly cation selective, with t+ (the cation transference number) approaching 1.0; the largest channels are unselective (t+ ≈ 0.5). Channels tend to remain open at all voltages (−150 to 150 mV); only the smallest channels exhibit any rectification. In the presence of divalent cations (1–5 mm Zn2+; 10–20 mm Ca2+), small (〈50 pS) and medium-sized (50 pS to 1 nS) channels are closed in a voltage-dependent manner (more closure at higher voltages); at 0 voltage channels reopen. Overall selectivity is reduced by divalent cations, compatible with small, selective channels being closed preferentially to large, nonselective ones. It is concluded that a single molecular species (pneumolysin) induces multiple-sized channels that can be categorized by cation: anion selectivity and by their sensitivity to closure by divalent cations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00231507
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma membrane potential of Lettré cells does not depend on cation gradients but on pumps (1984)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 79 (1984), S. 275-284 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: oxonol-V ; membrane potential ; ion pumps ; Lettré cell ; organic anions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The plasma membrane potential of Lettré cells has been determined with the optical indicator oxonol-V and found to be −57 mV at 37°C (range −20 to −80 mV depending on the physiological condition of the cells). Increasing extracellular K+ does not depolarize cells: even in the presence of 155mM K+ the potential is −41 mV; membrane potential is also insensitive to the chemical gradient of Na+,Mg2+, Ca2+ or Cl−. Ouabain depolarizes the cells; H+ efflux from cells is stimulated by extracellular Na+. We propose that in Lettré cells the plasma membrane potential is generated by electrogenic cation pumps. The balancing fluxes of Na+ and K+ are mainly through electroneutral cation exchanges (Na+/K+ and Na+/H+) and the magnitude of the potential is limited by organic anion leaks. Such a mechanism may operate in other biological membranes also.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01871066
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low conductance states of a single ion channel are not ‘closed’ (1995)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 147 (1995), S. 233-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Alpha toxin ; Channel size ; Conductance states ; Planar bilayer ; Polymer exclusion ; Staphylococcus aureus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract We have used a polymer-exclusion method to estimate the sizes of the high and low-conductance states of Staphylococcus aureus α-toxin channels across planar lipid bilayers. Despite a 〉10-fold difference in conductance between high and low-conductance states, the size differs by 〈2-fold. We conclude that factors other than the dimensions have a strong influence on the conductance of α-toxin channels. We also show that the high conductance state is destabilized by the presence of high molecular weight polymers outside the channel, compatible with the removal of channel water as the high conductance state “shrinks” to the low conductance state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234521
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Staphylococcus aureus alpha-toxin-induced pores: Channel-like behavior in lipid bilayers and patch clamped cells (1995)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 143 (1995), S. 143-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Alpha toxin ; Ion channel ; Lettre cell ; Patch clamp ; Planar bilayer ; Staphylococcus aureus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The conductance of pores induced by Staphylococcus aureus α-toxin in Lettre cells has been compared to that in bilayers composed of synthetic lipids or Lettre cell membrane constituents. Previously described characteristics of toxin-induced conductance changes in lipid bilayers, namely rectification, voltage-dependent closure, and closure at low pH or in the presence of divalent cations (Menestrina, 1986) are displayed also in bilayers prepared from Lettre cell membranes and in patch clamped Lettre cells. It is concluded that endogenous proteins do not affect the properties of α-toxininduced channels significantly and that the relative lack of ion channels in Lettre cells makes them ideal for studies of pore-forming toxins by the patch clamp technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234660
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Generation of plasma membrane potential by the Na+-pump coupled to proton extrusion (1985)
    Springer
    European biophysics journal 12 (1985), S. 229-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1017
    Keywords: Lymphocytes ; Lettré cells ; membrane potential ; Na+ pump ; cation diffusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Lettré cells maintain a plasma membrane potential near — 60mV, yet are scarcely depolarized by 80 mM Rb+ and are relatively impermeable to 86Rb+. They are depolarized by ouabain without a concomitant change in intracellular cation content. Addition of K+ to cells suspended in a K+ free medium, or of Na+ to cells in a Na+ free medium, hyperpolarizes the cells. They contain electroneutral transport mechanisms for Na+, K+ and H+ which can function as Na+:K+ and Na+:H+ exchanges. It is concluded that plasma membrane potential of Lettré cells, in steady-state for Na+ and K+, is produced by an electrogenic Na+ pump sustained by electroneutral exchanges, and restricted by anion leakage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00253850
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hexose transport in hybrids between malignant and normal cells (1982)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 296 (1982), S. 588-588 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IT HAS been reported by White et a/.1 that a decreased Km for hexose transport correlates with malignancy in matched pairs of hybrids between malignant and normal cells. Hexose transport was measured by the uptake of 0.1-5 mM 2-deoxy[3H]glucose at 20 C; in these conditions, uptake was found to be ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/296588a0
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequence of Events in Plasma Membrane Assembly during the Cell Cycle (1973)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 246 (1973), S. 291-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Major components of the plasma membrane double during interphase. Some minor components also double, but others show fluctuations. Decreased expression by immune cytolysis of H-2 antigenicity during interphase is explicable in terms of decreased membrane fragility. These results are compatible with ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/246291a0
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