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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma lipoprotein(a) concentration and phenotypes in diabetes mellitus (1993)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 36 (1993), S. 47-51 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus ; lipoprotein(a) ; apo(a) isoforms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Patients with Type 1 (insulin-dependent) and Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus are at increased risk of developing atherosclerotic vascular diseases. A variety of lipoprotein abnormalities have been described as being associated with this increased risk. In this study, apo(a) isoform frequencies and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] concentrations were determined in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetic patients in order to investigate a possible contribution of Lp(a) to the increased risk for atherosclerosis in diabetes. No significant differences in plasma Lp(a) concentrations were found in two ethnically different populations (Austrians from the province of Tyrol and Hungarians from Budapest) in either type of diabetes when compared to respective control groups (91 Type 1 and 112 Type 2 diabetic patients vs 202 control subjects in the Hungarian study and 44 Type 1 diabetic and 44 Type 2 diabetic vs 125 control subjects in the Austrian study). There were also no significant apo(a) isoform frequency differences between both patient groups and control subjects in the two study groups. These data, obtained from two large ethnically different populations, provide no evidence of a contribution of Lp(a) to the increased risk for atherosclerosis in diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00399092
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term follow-up of glycaemic control and parameters of lipid transport after pancreas transplantation (1991)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 34 (1991), S. S47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Pancreas transplantation ; Glycaemic indices ; Plasma C-Peptide ; Lipids ; Lipoproteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We report the long-term metabolic observations made on 37 patients after simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation. Plasma C-peptide levels were above the physiological range in all patients and there was no significant difference between patients undergoing delayed duct occlusion (n=12) or those with drainage of exocrine secretion into the urinary bladder (n=25). HbA1c was equally at the upper end of the normal range in both subsets of patients. Mean fasting cholesterol (237 mg/dl) and triglycerides (122 mg/dl) were normal, and HDL-cholesterol was above normal with an average concentration of 77 mg/dl. Two patients underwent an oral fat tolerance test and showed extremely low postprandial lipaemia and very high lipoprotein lipase activities. We conclude that patients with a functioning pancreas graft persistently demonstrate normoglycaemia, elevated C-peptide, and a very favourable lipid profile both in the fasting and the postprandial state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00587618
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interaction between serum calcium concentration and glucose tolerance in normal and azotaemic patients (1973)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 9 (1973), S. 467-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Calcium ; EDTA ; glucose tolerance ; insulin ; uraemia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of calcium infusion on the intravenous glucose tolerance was tested in hypocalcaemic patients suffering from renal insufficiency. It was shown that the delayed glucose disappearance rate in uraemics could be improved (p 〈 0.005) by the infusion of calcium gluconolactobionate despite the fact that the serum concentrations of potassium, urea nitrogen, and the blood pH were not altered. The basal insulin concentration was significantly depressed by the calcium infusion (p 〈 0.02). The serum calcium concentration was significantly correlated to the glucose assimilation coefficient in the uraemic patients (p 〈 0.01). — 3 hypocalcaemic patients without renal failure had a normal glucose tolerance and a normalization of the serum calcium concentration had no discernable effect. — A slight but significant decrease of the serum calcium concentration (p 〈 0.01) by EDTA-Na2 in normocalcaemic patients did not change the intravenous glucose tolerance. — It is concluded that hypocalcaemia may be one of the causes for the abnormal glucose tolerance in chronic renal failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00461690
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of the classical methods for the diagnosis of type III hyperlipoproteinemia (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 55 (1977), S. 1025-1030 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hypercholesterinämie ; Hypertriglyzeridämie ; Dyslipoproteinämie ; Ultrazentrifugation ; Lipoproteinelektrophorese ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Hypertriglyceridemia ; Dyslipoproteinemia ; Ultracentrifugation ; Lipoprotein Electrophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Familial type III hyperlipoproteinemia is characterized by the presence of elevated plasma levels of very low density lipoproteins (VLDL) which contain an increased amount of cholesterol and by the presence of a significant amount of lipoproteins with an intermediate density between that of VLDL and low density lipoproteins (LDL); the intermediate density lipoproteins, designated IDL or Lp III, have a slower electrophoretic migration rate than VLDL, and are found in the ultracentrifugal top fraction as a contaminant. Classically, the diagnosis of type III is based on the demonstration of beta-migrating lipoproteins in the ultracentrifugal top fraction (density 〈1.006), thus “floating beta-lipoprotein”. More recently, it has been proposed that an elevated VLDL-cholesterol to triglyceride ratio is diagnostic of the disorder. In the present report, we have compared the two methods for their diagnostic value and have concluded that the chemical index definition is the more reliable method for the diagnosis of type III hyperlipoproteinemia.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die familiäre Hyperlipoproteinämie Typ III ist gekennzeichnet durch 1) einen erhöhten Plasmaspiegel von Lipoproteinen sehr niederer Dichte (Verylowdensitylipoproteins, VLDL), welche ungewöhnlich cholesterinreich sind, und 2) durch Plasmalipoproteine mit einer Dichte zwischen der von VLLL und Lipoproteinen niederer Dichte (Lowdensitylipoproteins, LDL); diese Lipoproteine mit „Zwischendichte“ (Intermediatedensitylipoproteins, IDL oder Lp III) wandern elektrophoretisch langsamer als VLDL und werden als Verunreinigung in den in der Ultrazentrifuge flotierenden VLDL (Dichte 〈1006) gefunden. Allgemein wird die Diagnose der Hyperlipoproteinämie Typ III durch den Nachweis von Lipoproteinen gestellt, welche mit VLDL flotieren, aber elektrophoretisch mit beta-Globulinen wandern (“floating beta-lipoprotein”). Neuerlich wurde ein erhöhtes Verhältnis von VLDL-Cholesterin zu Plasmatriglyzeriden höher als 0,30 als diagnostisch für die Erkrankung beschrieben. Wir haben die beiden Methoden zur Diagnosestellung verglichen und kamen zu dem Schluß, daß die chemische Indexdefinition in der Diagnosestellung der Hyperlipoproteinämie Typ III verläßlicher ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01489475
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hyperlipoproteinämie Typ III: Diagnose und quantitative Isolierung des charakteristischen Lipoproteins (1974)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 52 (1974), S. 792-794 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Type III hyperlipoproteinaemia ; rate zonal ultracentrifugation ; Hyperlipoproteinämie Typ III ; zonale Ultrazentrifugation ; linearer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe einer zonalen Ultrazentrifugationstechnik wurde bei Patienten mit Typ III-Hyperlipoproteinämie ein zusätzliches Lipoprotein (Lp III) quantitativ isoliert. Dieses Lp III ist hinsichtlich seiner hydrierten Dichte (S f 15–20), seines Gehalts an Protein (20%), Gesamtcholesterin (36%) und Triglyceriden (19%), sowie hinsichtlich seiner elektrophoretischen Wanderungsgeschwindigkeit zwischen VLDL (S f 〉20) und LDL (S f 6–8) einzuordnen. Immunologisch konnte wie in den VLDL Apo-Lp B und Apo-Lp C nachgewiesen werden. Lp III wurde bei 50 Normalpersonen und 36 Patienten mit anderen Typen von Hyperlipoproteinämie im Nüchternblut nicht beobachtet. Diese Befunde stützen die Hypothese, wonach bei Typ III-Hyperlipoproteinämie ein Abbaudefekt der triglyceridreichen Lipoproteine vorliegt.
    Notes: Summary In contrast to normals and patients with different types of hyperlipoproteinaemia in 10 patients with type III an intermediate lipoprotein density class (Lp III) was isolated quantitatively. This Lp III showed intermediate characteristics between VLDL and LDL with respect to chemical composition, electrophoretic mobility, and hydrated density. Apo-Lp B and Apo-Lp C were detectable as in VLDL. These findings support the hypothesis of an impaired catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins in type III patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01468740
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Beteiligung der Leber an der Bildung alkalischer Serumphosphatasen (1969)
    Springer
    Clinical and experimental medicine 149 (1969), S. 145-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1591-9528
    Keywords: Alkaline phosphatase ; Isolated perfused rat liver ; Intrahepatic cholestasis ; Alkalische Phosphatase ; Isoliert durchströmte Rattenleber ; Intrahepatische Cholestase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Die isoliert durchströmte Rattenleber gibt unter normalen Bedingungen keine alkalische Phosphatase ins Perfusionsmedium ab. 2. Ein Aktivitätsanstieg bei länger währenden Versuchen ist die Folge einer intrahepatischen Cholestase. 3. Durch Schwellung von Leberzellen in einzelnen Läppchenarealen kommt es zur Kompression von Gallecapillaren; daraus resultiert die intrahepatische Cholestase. 4. Daher sind Versuche an der isoliert durchströmten Rattenleber nur solange auszuwerten, wie Aktivität der alkalischen Phosphatase und Gallefluß konstant sind.
    Notes: Summary 1. The isolated perfused rat liver releases no alkaline phosphatase into the perfusion medium under normal conditions. 2. Intrahepatic cholestasis is the cause of the increase of activity during longer lasting perfusions. 3. Swelling of liver cells in some areas of the lobules leads to compression of bile canaliculi and consecutive intrahepatic cholestasis. 4. Results from experiments with isolated perfused livers are only valid as long as bile flow and activity of alkaline phosphatase are constant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02044806
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-term effect of intensified insulin treatment on lipid parameters in diabetes mellitus type I (1991)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 69 (1991), S. 483-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus type I ; Lipid parameters ; Intensified insulin treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Premature atherosclerosis is often found in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type I, and alterations in lipid metabolism seem to play an important role in the development of this complication. Intensified insulin therapy improves glycemic control parameters significantly. To evaluate the effect of this optimized insulin treatment (OIT) not only on glycemic control, but also on plasma lipids, 24 patients with DM type I (19 men and 5 women, 18 to 61 years) were switched from a standard insulin therapy to a regimen of OIT which has been maintained for more than 3 years now. After 2 years on OIT a reduction of HbAlc values from 8.1% to 7.5% (p〈0.0l) was accompanied by an increase in HDL cholesterol from 52 to 67 mg/dl (p〈0.05) and a decrease of triglyceride levels from 319 to 67 mg/dl (p〈0.001). At the end of the second year on OIT some of the patients exhibited a reversal of the favorable trend in HbAlc and lipid values. Intensified instructions regarding the implementation of OIT were therefore repeated and resulted in a renewed improvement of overall HbAlc, HDL cholesterol and triglyceride levels to 6.43%, 67 mg/dl, and 78 mg/dl, respectively. Our findings underline the value of OIT not only for glycemic control, but also for the control of plasma lipids considered to be major risk factors for coronary artery disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01649419
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fenofibrate improves postprandial chylomicron clearance in II B hyperlipoproteinemia (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 72 (1994), S. 294-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Fibrates ; Postprandial lipemia ; Chylomicrons ; Lipoprotein lipase ; High-density lipoproteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In 11 patients with 1113 hyperlipoproteinemia we studied fasting lipids, lipoproteins, lipoprotein-modifying enzymes, and postprandial lipid metabolism after a standardized oral fat load supplemented with vitamin A before and 12 weeks after treatment with fenofibrate, a third-generation fibric acid derivative. Fasting plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol decreased significantly (P 〈 0.05, P 〈 0.01, P 〈 0.01), high-density lipoprotein subfraction 3 cholesterol increased significantly (P 〈 0.05), and high-density lipoprotein subfraction 2 cholesterol remained unchanged. Postprandial lipemia, i.e., the integrated postprandial triglyceride concentrations corrected for the fasting triglyceride level, and postprandial chylomicron concentrations, as assessed by biosynthetic labeling of chylomicrons with retinyl palmitate, decreased by 40.6% and 60.1% (P 〈 0.05; P 〈 0.05), respectively. The activity of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) increased by 33.6% (P 〈 0.05); the increase in LPL during fenofibrate treatment was positively correlated with the increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r = 0.84; P 〈 0.005). Hepatic lipase and cholesteryl ester transfer protein mass and activity remained unchanged. We conclude that lipid-lowering therapy with fenofibrate ameliorates fasting and, more profoundly, postprandial lipoprotein transport in hypertriglyceridemia by curbing postprandial triglyceride and chylomicron accumulation, at least in part, through an increase in LPL activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00180044
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Silikose als Reaktionskrankheit (1968)
    Springer
    Lung 138 (1968), S. 154-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1750
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die makroorganismische Reaktionsweise (Konstitution) ist für das Angehen und den Verlauf einer Silikose und den dadurch entstehenden kardiorespiratorischen Funktionsausfall sicher von entscheidender Bedeutung, wie wir am Beispiel der Granitsilikose gesehen haben; wir sind also berechtigt die Silikose als Reaktionskrankheit zu betrachten. Der hyporeaktive Typ mit kleiner Sella turcica erkrankt selbst bei „unterschwelliger“ Staubexposition relativ früh an Silikose, die äußerst langsam forschreitet, klinisch häufig die Zeichen einer spastischen Emphysembronchitis, aber bald einen deutlichen Funktionsausfall im Sinne von obstruktiven Veränderungen bietet. Die nachgewiesene Unterfunktion des HNS ist verantwortlich für die erhöhte Anfälligkeit und die geringe Hinfälligkeit gegenüber Silikose; sie bedingt auch den frühzeitig nach weisbaren Funktionsausfall. Sicherlich gelingt es dem hyporeaktiven Typ mit Rücksicht auf die Trockenheit und die schlechte Transportfunktion seiner Bronchialschleimhaut sowie die spastische Bereitschaft seines Bronchialsystems nicht, den eingeatmeten Staub zu eliminieren, so daß auch dadurch das Angehen einer Silikose begünstigt wird. Der hyperreaktive Funktionstyp mit großer Sella turcica ist gegen SiO2-hältige Stäube resistent und erkrankt daher selten an einer Silikose. Kommt es trotzdem nach langer und massiver Staubexposition zur Ausbildung einer Silikose, so sehen wir schwere und rasch verlaufende Silikosen, die anfangs außer einer Verminderung der Vitalkapazität (restriktive Veränderungen) keinerlei Funktionsstörungen zeigen. Die Überfunktion des HNS und die damit verbundene große Leistungsfähigkeit des kardiorespiratorischen Systems begründen diese Tatsachen, wobei jedoch nicht unerwähnt bleiben soll, daß es dem hyperreaktiven Funktionstyp infolge der ausgezeichneten Transportfunktion und der Weitstellung seiner Bronchien leichter gelingt, die eingeatmeten Staubmengen zu eliminieren und die Differenz zwischen eingeatmeten und eliminierten Staubmengen möglichst klein zu gestalten. Selbstverständlich kann das neurohormonale System jederzeit zusammenbrechen und damit auch die kardiorespiratorische Funktion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02090652
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of biosynthetic human proinsulin on plasma lipids in type 2 diabetes mellitus (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 66 (1988), S. 1171-1174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Cholesterol ; Diabetes mellitus ; HDL-Cholesterol ; Proinsulin ; Triglycerides
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL2-cholesterol, and HDL3-cholesterol were studied in 18 patients with Type 2 diabetes. Prior to entering the clinical trial, the study subjects were in stable control under a fixed mixture of 20% regular and 80% NPH (isophane) biosynthetic human insulin twice daily. The patients were randomized to treatment with either biosynthetic human proinsulin or biosynthetic human NPH insulin (controls) twice daily. Glucose control was kept constant in both groups throughout the study. Of the nine patients treated with proinsulin, eight exhibited a decrease of plasma triglycerides (median decrease by 0.13 mmol/l). In contrast, all nine controls showed a rise (median increase by 0.69 mmol/l) of plasma triglycerides (p〈0.001). In keeping with the fall of plasma triglycerides, HDL2-cholesterol rose in all but one proinsulin-treated patients. Both treatment modalities reduced HDL3-cholesterol with a median decrease of 0.20 mmol/l (p〈0.01) with proinsulin and 0.26 mmol/l with NPH insulin (p〈0.05). We conclude that human proinsulin is able to reduce plasma triglycerides and to increase HDL2-cholesterol in the majority of patients with Type 2 diabetes and thus appears to alter favourably risk factors for coronary heart disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01727664
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