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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetic study of3H-labelled PAF-acether II. Comparison with3H-labelled lyso-PAF-acether after intravenous administration in the rabbit and protein binding (1984)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 15 (1984), S. 643-648 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The blood and plasma kinetics of intravenously administered3H-labelled PAF-acether were determined in seven rabbits. PAF-acether was rapidly distributed and slowly eliminated. Individual variations were very small. The main route of metabolism involves deacetylation of the PAF-acether into lyso-PAF-acether, leading to an equilibrium between the two molecules (10%/90%). This equilibrium, observed within 30 minutes, was still the same after 6 hours suggestingin vivo reacetylation of lyso-PAF-acether into PAF-acether. However, this could not be verified. After intravenous administration of lyso-PAF-acether in two rabbits, PAF-acether could not be found in any blood sample. The pharmacokinetic behaviour of both PAF-acether and lyso-PAF-acether can be described by a three-compartment model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01966786
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A specific standard for quality in fundamental research (2000)
    Springer
    Accreditation and quality assurance 5 (2000), S. 28-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0517
    Keywords: Key words Fundamental research ; Specific standard ; Quality
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  The specific standard described here constitutes the heart of the quality system set up by the Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique – French Atomic Energy Commission – for its main "Fundamental Research" entity, the Directorate for the Sciences of Matter. It is a coherent standard (set of shared rules and provisions laid out in a clear fashion) designed, in the first instance, to provide those taking part in research, including the hierarchy, with the means to satisfy their requirements in the field of quality. And, secondly, to create the conditions for recognition of this action by third parties, which all research entities must nowadays convince of their trustworthiness (supervisory ministries, research partners, industrial companies, etc.). This standard places particular emphasis on the preponderant roles of initiative and freedom in fundamental research, which are a prerequisite for creativity, innovation and, last but not least, the motivation of personnel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007690050005
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of microbial seeding of crude oil in seawater in a model system (1983)
    Springer
    Marine biology 78 (1983), S. 13-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The adding of a mixed culture of marine hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria to petroleum polluted seawater did not increase the hydrocarbon degradation capability of the water. All the strains of the mixed culture disappeared from the dominant microflora while the autochthonous bacteria showed a capacity for adaptation to petroleum degradation about four days after the oil spill. This confirms the advantage of natural bacterial communities. The oil spilled on the sea surface evolved very quickly under the influence of abiotic factors such as sunlight. Aromatic petroleum fractions were oxidized and polymerized. This chemical evolution causes a drastic decrease of the biodegradability of crude oil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00392966
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aortic valve rupture —An unsuspected cause of acute cardiac failure after chest trauma (1996)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 22 (1996), S. 714-715 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01709757
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cold-reactive antinuclear IgM (1980)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 269 (1980), S. 325-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00406426
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patterns of fusimotor innervation by γ-efferents in cat peroneus tertius (1983)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 51 (1983), S. 146-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Muscle spindles ; γ-Efferents ; Fusmotor innervation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pattern of γ-efferent innervation of the muscle spindle was investigated in the peroneus tertius muscle of the cat. A number of spindle group Ia afferents were isolated and monitored during tetanic stimulation of isolated γ-axons. The sample was dominated by efferents producing a static fusimotor effect on the afferent. An individual static axon normally projected to less than five but at times as many as seven muscle spindles. Each spindle normally received innervation from three to five static γ-efferents but occasionally up to eight. The number of spindles innervated by a static γ-axon was directly related to the efferent axonal conduction velocity. For each experiment, a probability distribution of the number of fusimotor effects was constructed from all available connections between the muscle spindles and static γ-efferents considered in matrices of four afferents and four efferents. This distribution was then compared to a random binomial distribution. In each of the ten experiments, statistically significant differences (p〈0.01) were noted between the experimental and random distributions. In order to interpret such deviations from the random distributions, similar analyses were performed on various combinations of afferents and efferents in simulated sets displaying grouping of effects. It was concluded that the observed differences between experimental and random distributions may be produced by a grouping of fusimotor innervation limited to a small set of spindles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00236812
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemical evidence for the existence of skeletofusimotor (β) innervation in the primate (1982)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 46 (1982), S. 186-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Muscle spindles ; Skeletofusimotor efferents ; \ Innervation ; Glycogen depletion ; Primate motor control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A total of ten a motor axons which innervated the peroneus brevis muscle were isolated in two cynomolgus monkeys. In each experiment, the isolated α axons were stimulated collectively to deplete glycogen from their muscle units. The muscle was then frozen quickly, cut serially, and stained for glycogen. Of the 52 muscle spindles that were examined, zones of glycogen depletion were found in the intrafusal fibres of 32 spindles. The glycogen-depleted motor units included both fast-twitch and slow-twitch types. Depleted zones were observed in all three types of intrafusal muscle fibres. It was concluded that skeletofusimotor (β) efferents were among the stimulated motor axons. This finding constitutes the first anatomical evidence for the existence of β innervation in the primate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237175
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of physiological types of motor units in the cat peroneus tertius muscle (1982)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 48 (1982), S. 177-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Motor unit types ; Twitch and tetanic tensions ; Potentiation ; Peroneus tertius muscle ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Motor units of the cat peroneus tertius muscle were systematically analyzed using the criteria established by Burke et al. (1973). On the basis of their speed of contraction and resistance to fatigue, 121 (97%) of 125 motor units examined in ten adult cats could be classified as belonging to one of four types: fast-fatiguable (FF), fast-resistant (FR), fast-intermediate (FI), and slow-resistant (S). Peroneus tertius was found to contain 30% FF motor units, 9% FI units, 39% FR units, and 22% S units. Contraction times of fast motor units (FF, FR, and FI) ranged from 15 to 27 ms and those of S units from 26 to 42 ms. The mean tetanic tensions were 37 g for FF units, 29 g for FI units, 7.5 g for FR units, and 1.1 g for S units. Fast motor units displayed considerable post-tetanic potentiation of twitch tension. Under similar conditions of stimulation, FF units appeared able to potentiate more and faster than FR units.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237213
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterogeneity of motor units activating single Golgi tendon organs in cat leg muscles (1976)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 24 (1976), S. 485-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Tendon organs ; Ib Afferents ; Motor units ; Motor control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The aim of this study was to investigate whether an individual Golgi tendon organ can signal the contraction of motor units with different physiological properties. The axonal conduction velocity and tetanic tension of motor units were examined in four muscles of the cat leg (peroneus brevis, peroneus longus, tibialis anterior and soleus). The motor units which were found to activate a given tendon organ had contractile properties dispersed over the same range as those of the whole muscle population. The proportion of tendon organ-activating motor units found in the studied samples suggests that altogether, the Golgi tendon organs of a muscle monitor the contraction of every motor unit in this muscle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00234965
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correction by pentoxifylline of the abnormal fluorescence polarization of erythrocyte membranes from diabetic patients (1987)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 31 (1987), S. 725-728 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: pentoxifylline ; diabetes (Type I) ; erythrocytes ; membrane fluidity ; fluorescence polarization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Erythrocytes from diabetic patients show abnormal rheology. Pentoxifylline, a methylxanthine, improves the abnormal deformability of diabetic erythrocytes, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. We have studied the effect of pentoxifylline on the lipid order of erythrocyte membranes from controls and patients with Type I diabetes. We studied the structural organization of membrane lipids in individual erythrocyte ghosts by fluorescence polarization using a cell sorter. Fluorescence polarization values (P) for 17 controls (P=0.244) and 20 diabetic patients (P=0.215) were significantly different. Pentoxifylline added in vitro had no effect on normal membranes, but significantly increased at 10−5 mol·l−1 (P=0.233), and normalized at 10−4 mol·l−1 (P=0.243), the P value of membrane ghosts from diabetics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00541304
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