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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 21 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The role of die human T-cell lymphotropic/leukaemia virus type I (HTLV-1) in the photogenesis of auto-immune diseases of unknown cause, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), multiple sclerosis (MS) or Sjögren's syndrome (SS) has been discussed extensively. We have investigated whether SLE is in any way associated with exogenous HTLV-I. Using enzyme immunoassay (EIA), we found no scroreactivity against HTLV-I antigens in any of 24 SLF. patients under investigation. Using a radioimmunoprecipilation assay (RIP A), there was also no expression of retroviral tax-protein demonstrable in 24 individuals with SLE. DNA preparations of peripheral blood cells, as well as isolated CD4- and CD8-positive cells, were examined for HTLV-I sequences (pol-, env-, gag-, LTR- and tax-region) using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), We were unable to demonstrate any specific HTLV-I PCR products in SLE specimens. Our data suggest that exogenous HTLV-I is not involved in the pathogenesis of SLE.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Key words Angiotensin receptors ; mRNA ; Quantitative PCR ; Human ; Atrium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The number of atrial angiotensin II binding sites is reduced in end-stage human heart failure. The goals of our study were the development of a quantitative polymerase chain reaction for angiotensin II receptor type 1 mRNA to determine the angiotensin receptor type1 (AT1) mRNA content in the atria of patients with end-stage heart failure. We established a quantitative PCR based on coamplification of AT1 wild-type and an internal standard in the same PCR, followed by liquid-phase hybridization of PCR products in microtiter plates and quantitation by ELISA. Glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA in the same samples was used to relate the AT1 mRNA content to a stably expressed reference gene. Atrial samples from 11 patients with end-stage heart failure obtained at cardiac transplantation were compared with atrial samples from 11 patients with normal cardiac function undergoing routine cardiac surgery. A PCR/ELISA system with a variance of about 6% after reverse transcription and a linear measuring range was established. In the samples from 11 patients with end-stage heart failure a 58% decrease in AT1 mRNA content was found in comparison with 11 controls (heart failure: 185680±196912 AT1 mRNA copies/μg RNA, controls: 440555±268456, P〈0.02). When AT1 mRNA content was related to glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA, a 65% decrease was detected (AT1/glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase: heart failure: 4.84±5.18; controls: 13.74±7.77; P〈0.005). Standardization of PCR resulting in a low coefficient of variance, high reproducibility, and large sample capacity is possible using optimal internal standardization and the liquid-phase hybridization/ELISA system for detection. The optimized PCR procedure indicated downregulation of atrial AT1 in end-stage human heart failure, suggesting a reduced capacity of the atria to respond to angiotensin II stimulation in end-stage heart failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Angiotensin receptors ; mRNA ; Quantitative PCR ; Human ; Atrium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The number of atrial angiotensin II binding sites is reduced in end-stage human heart failure. The goals of our study were the development of a quantitative polymerase chain reaction for angiotensin II receptor type 1 mRNA to determine the angiotensin receptor typel (AT1) mRNA content in the atria of patients with end-stage heart failure. We established a quantitative PCR based on coamplification of AT1 wild-type and an internal standard in the same PCR, followed by liquidphase hybridization of PCR products in microtiter plates and quantitation by ELISA. Glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA in the same samples was used to relate the AT1 mRNA content to a stably expressed reference gene. Atrial samples from 11 patients with endstage heart failure obtained at cardiac transplantation were compared with atrial samples from 11 patients with normal cardiac function undergoing routine cardiac surgery. A PCR/ELISA system with a variance of about 6% after reverse transcription and a linear measuring range was established. In the samples from 11 patients with end-stage heart failure a 58% decrease in AT1 mRNA content was found in comparison with 11 controls (heart failure: 185680±196912 AT1 mRNA copies/μg RNA, controls: 440555±268456, P〈0.02). When AT1 mRNA content was related to glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA, a 65% decrease was detected (AT1/glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase: heart failure: 4.84±5.18; controls: 13.74±7.77; P〈0.005). Standardization of PCR resulting in a low coefficient of varince, high reproducibility, and large sample capacity is possible using optimal internal standardization and the liquid-phase hybridization/ELISA system for detection. The optimized PCR procedure indicated downregulation of atrial AT1 in end-stage human heart failure, suggesting a reduced capacity of the atria to respond to angiotensin II stimulation in end-stage heart failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Marchiafava-Bignami-Syndrom ; Zentrale Demyelinisierung ; Corpus callosum ; Alkoholabusus ; Transkallosale Inhibition ; Key words Marchiafava-Bignami-Syndrome ; Central demyelination ; Corpus callosum ; Alcohol abuse ; Transcallosal inhibition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Until now, the pathogenesis of Marchiafava-Bignami disease, an extrapontine myelinolysis, is unknown. Accept an abuse of alcohol for many years additional metabolic and vascular disturbances are supposed. The early performance of magnetic resonance imaging in patients with a sudden encephalopathy and history of alcoholism is essential for an assessment of the diagnosis. The bilateral lack of transcallosal inhibition – a parameter for the integrity of the transcallosal connections between motor cortices – is the consequence of the axonal degeneration of transcallosal fibers. Clinical and neuroradiological features of three patients with extrapontine myelinolysis are reported and possible etiologies of the complex disease are discussed. In two cases a severe alcohol abuse was present with the typical picture of the Marchiafava-Bignami disease. In a third patient an intoxication with methanol was present with a similar clinical picture. Although severe neurological disturbances were initially apparent in the patients, during the follow-up there was a significant amelioration of the clinical course under a high-dose vitamin B supplementation.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Pathogenese des Marchiafava-Bignami-Syndroms, einer extrapontinen Myelinolyse, ist bis heute ungeklärt. Neben einem langjährigen Alkoholmißbrauch werden zusätzliche metabolische und vaskuläre Störungen vermutet. Die frühe Durchführung einer Kernspintomographie ist bei einer plötzlich aufgetretenen Enzephalopathie vor allem bei bekannter Alkoholanamnese wegweisend für die Diagnosestellung. Das Fehlen der transkallosalen Inhibition – ein Parameter für die transkallosale Verbindung der beiden motorischen Kortizes – ist bei diesen Patienten ein wichtiges Indiz für die axonale Degeneration der transkallosalen Fasen. Es werden die klinischen und neuroradiologischen Befunde von drei Patienten mit extrapontiner Myelinolyse vorgestellt sowie mögliche Ursachen der Erkrankung diskutiert. Bei zwei unserer Patienten lag ein manifester Äthanolmißbrauch vor mit dem klassischen Bild eines Marchiafava-Bignami-Syndroms, während in einem dritten Fall eine akute Methanolintoxikation zu einem vergleichbaren klinischen Befund führte. Trotz stellenweise schwerer klinischer Störung besserte sich in allen drei Fällen die Symptomatik unter hochdosierter Vitamin-B-Gabe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Gynäkologe 31 (1998), S. 942-947 
    ISSN: 1433-0393
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zum Thema Für die klinische Neuropsychopharmakologie stellt die Zeit der Gravidität eine Phase mit eigener und spezieller Problematik dar. Es ändert sich durch die besondere Hormonsituation und die damit verbundenen veränderten Stoffwechselkreisläufe nicht nur häufig die Reaktion auf und der Metabolismus von Arzneimitteln, sondern durch den Übertritt nahezu aller psychotropen Medikamente durch die Plazenta ergeben sich für das werdende Kind stellenweise erhebliche Implikationen. Die Reaktion von Mutter und Embryo oder Fötus können sich dramatisch unterscheiden, so daß es trotz eines guten gewünschten therapeutischen Effekts bei der Mutter beim ungeborenen Kind zu Fehlentwicklungen, Differenzierungsstörungen oder gar zum Tod kommen kann. Dennoch sollte die Neuropsychopharmakotherapie nicht nur unter dem Gesichtspunkt einer möglichen teratogenen Schädigung in der Organogenese diskutiert werden. Die Exposition mit zentralwirksamen Medikamenten kann beim Föten während der ganzen Schwangerschaft und auch noch postnatal zu Intoxikationserscheinungen führen. Für Frauen mit Epilepsie und Kinderwunsch ist eine präkonzeptionelle Beratung wichtig. Zur Reduzierung des Risikos eines Neuralrohrdefektes kann eine Behandlung mit Folsäure schon vor der geplanten Konzeption beginnen. Der folgende Beitrag soll eine Übersicht über die Probleme der häufigsten neuropsychiatrischen Medikationen während der Schwangerschaft geben und konzentriert sich aufgrund der klinischen Bedeutung vor allem auf den Einsatz der Antiepileptika.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 256 (1995), S. 199-203 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Guillain-Barrè syndrome ; Caesarian section ; Pregnancy ; Gynecological management
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two case reports on Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in pregnancy are presented and the management of such patients is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 256 (1995), S. 199-203 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Key words: Guillain-Barré syndrome ; Caesarian section ; Pregnancy ; Gynecological management
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Two case reports on Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in pregnancy are presented and the management of such patients is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 10 (1993), S. 240-241 
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 337 (1995), S. 46-49 
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The hitherto unknown stereochemistry of N,N,N′,N′-tetrasubstituted 2-arylthioacrylamides 1 has been determined by X-ray crystal analysis and systematic NMR-investigations. Provided that the 2-aryl group lacks ortho substituents, compounds 1 exist predominantly as Z-isomers. In contrast, the major isomer has an E-s-trans configuration if the 2-aryl group is ortho-substituted. Substitution of the 3-amino group of 1 by glycinates, giving 3-aminothioacrylamides 2, generally preserves the original stereochemistry.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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