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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relating the phase morphology of a biodegradable polymer blend to erosion kinetics using simultaneous in situ atomic force microscopy and surface plasmon resonance analysis (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 11 (1995), S. 3921-3927 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la00010a049
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antiplasticization and crystallinity in poly(vinyl chloride) (1989)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 22 (1989), S. 3480-3485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00198a046
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vereinfachte Schnellbestimmung von Plasma-Digoxin. Methodik und klinische Erfahrungen (1975)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 53 (1975), S. 215-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Cardiac glycosides ; digoxin ; radioimmunoassay ; uremia ; Herzglykoside ; Digoxin ; Radioimmunoassay ; Urämie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Durch die Einführung des Gamma-Coat-125J-Digoxin-Radioimmunoassays ist die Digoxin-Bestimmung soweit methodisch vereinfacht worden, daß sie jetzt auch in Allgemeinkrankenhäusern mit Intensivstation durchgeführt werden kann. Das Ergebnis einer Schnellbestimmung kann nach 70 min vorliegen. In den niedrigen Meßbereichen (〈0,8 ng/ml) betrug der Variation-skoeffizient bei Simultan- und Wiederholungsmessungen auch bei Verwendung von preiswerten Kleingeräten zur Radioaktivitätsmessung nicht mehr als 15%. In den hohen Meßbereichen (〉2,5 ng/ml) betrug der Variationskoeffizient sogar nur 6%. Hämolyse, niedrige Albuminkonzentrationen und nicht an Digoxin gebundene Isotopen in den Blutproben verursachten keine methodischen Probleme. Bei Nierengesunden waren unter Berücksichtigung der Resorptions-und Eliminationskinetik der verschiedenen Digoxin-Präparate mit der Gamma-Coat-Methode gemessene Konzentrationen über 2 ng/ml in der Regel mit klinischen Überdosierungserscheinungen verbunden; therapeutisch wirksame Konzentrationen lagen bei Nierengesunden meistens über 1,2 ng/ml. Bei urämischen Patienten fanden sich trotz hoher Plasma-Konzentrationen nur selten klinische Zeichen einer Digitalis-Überdosierung. Als Ursache für diese Erhöhung der Digitalistoleranz muß nach ersten Erfahrungen mit Dialysepatienten die Hyperkaliämie und renale Acidose diskutiert werden. Falsch hohe Digoxin-Konzentrationen wurden bei Patienten bis zu 2Std nach Injektion von hohen Dosen Spironolactone (400–1 000 mg) durch Kreuzreaktion hervorgerufen. Therapeutische Digitoxin-Konzentrationen (10–25 ng/ml) verursachten nur subtherapeutische Digoxin-Konzentrationen von 0,4–0,9 ng/ml.
    Notes: Summary The introduction of the Gamma Coat125I-Digoxin Radioimmunoassay has simplified the digoxin determination to an extent that it may be used even in general hospitals with an intensive care unit. The total time for a stat determination has been reduced to 70 min. The coefficient of variation of the digoxin determination at low levels (〈0.8 ng/ml) was less than 15% for simultaneous and repeated measurements even when using one of the inexpensive nuclear counting systems. At high levels (〉2.5 ng/ml) the coefficient of variation showed to be less than 6%. Hemolysis, low albumine concentration and other than digoxin-bound isotopes in the blood samples did not cause methologic problems. Provided that resorption and elimination kinetics of the different digoxin preparations were taken into account, digoxin levels of more than 2 ng/ml as measured by the Gamma Coat method in patients with normal renal function plasma were usually associated with clinical signs of overdosage; therapeutic concentrations were mostly higher than 1.2 ng/ml. The incidence of digitalis toxicity with high digoxin levels was lower in uremic than in normal patients. According to preliminary observations in dialysis patients this increase in tolerance to digitalis, may be a consequence of hyperkalemia and renal acidosis. Erroneously high digoxin concentrations were found in patients up to 2hrs after injection of high doses of spironolactone (400–1 000 mg) due to cross reaction. Therapeutic concentrations of digitoxin (10–25 ng/ml) caused only subtherapeutic digoxin concentrations of 0.4–0.9 ng/ml.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01468810
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma digoxin levels in anuric patients and normal subjects taking digitoxin (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 55 (1977), S. 245-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Herzglykoside ; Digitoxin ; Digoxin ; Urämie ; Dialyse ; Radioimmunoassay ; Cardiac glycosides ; Digitoxin ; Digoxin ; Uremia ; Dialysis ; Radioimmunoassay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Plasma digoxin suspected to be elevated in anuric patients taking digitoxin was determined by radioimmunoassay in 15 anuric patients and 15 normal persons subjected to 0.1 mg digitoxin therapy per day. All plasma digoxin values from the anuric patients and the normal subjects were far below the lower limit of the therapeutic range of plasma digoxin. There existed no difference between the digoxin values determined in anuric patients and subjects with normal renal function; in both groups there was a scatter of digoxin values about the cross reaction line between digitoxin and digoxin antibody. It is concluded from the results that digoxin retention in anuric patients taking digitoxin plays an insignificant role; thus, the pharmacological effect is mediated by digitoxin itself.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Um zu klären, ob eine Retention von Digoxin bei anurischen Patienten, die Digitoxin einnehmen, stattfindet, wurde bei 15 anurischen Dialysepatienten und 15 nierengesunden Versuchspersonen, die 0,1 mg Digitoxin täglich einnahmen, das Plasmadigoxin mittels Radioimmunoassay bestimmt. Alle „Plasmadigoxinwerte“ der anurischen Patienten und der normalen Kontrollpersonen lagen weit unterhalb der unteren Grenze des therapeutischen Bereichs des Plasmadigoxins. Es fand sich kein Unterschied zwischen den Digoxinwerten, die bei den anurischen Patienten und bei den Versuchspersonen mit normaler Nierenfunktion gefunden wurden. Bei beiden Gruppen lagen die Digoxinwerte im Bereich der Kreuzreaktion zwischen Digitoxin und Digoxin-Antikörper. Aus den Ergebnissen wird die Schlußfolgerung gezogen, daß eine Digoxin-Retention bei anurischen Patienten, die Digitoxin einnehmen, eine untergeordnete Rolle spielt und daher der pharmakologische Effekt durch Digitoxin selbst hervorgerufen wird.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01487719
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simulating the dynamic strength of molecular interactions (2001)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 114 (2001), S. 3208-3214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: It has been demonstrated that the force at which an interaction will break depends on the rate at which force is applied. Here, we present a strategy for the modeling of the forced dissociation of a ligand–receptor interaction, using the streptavidin–biotin complex as an example, over a range of loading rates that are outside those attainable by current all-atom simulation techniques. The method adopted is a combination of traditional reaction coordinate mapping and Brownian dynamics. Our simulations predict a dynamic force spectrum for the streptavidin–biotin interaction of similar form to recent experimental results. In this study we confirm the logarithmic dependence of a rupture force on the loading rate, highlight the barriers that are probed at the loading rates attainable by the atomic force microscope, and discuss how these barriers transform under loading. Furthermore, it is confirmed that additional information obtained from the distribution of rupture forces can be used to complement dynamic force spectroscopy data and should be used in experimental studies to verify the results obtained. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1340675
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Executive and Motivational Control of Performance Task Behavior, and Autonomic Heart-rate Regulation in Children: Physiologic Validation of Two-factor Solution Inhibitory Control (1998)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd.
    The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 39 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Forty-two (42) children (mean age 10.6 years) from mainstream public (N= 22) and therapeutic schools (N= 20) completed performance tasks assessing executive and motivational influences on motor responses. In a separate protocol, children underwent physiologic challenges of paced breathing and supine to standing postural change, while heart rate was continuously monitored.Executive control was associated with vagal modulation of respiratory driven, high-frequency heart-rate variability (t= 2.20, p 〈 .03), whereas motivational control was associated with sympathetic modulation of posturally driven, low-frequency heart-rate variability (t= -2.22, p 〈 .03). These findings supported a two-factor solution of inhibitory control derived in a previous study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-7610.00348
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time and frequency domain methods for heart rate variability analysis: A methodological comparison (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 32 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: The purpose of this paper is to analytically evaluate and compare two of the most common methods for measuring respiration-related heart rate fluctuations: linear detrended heart rate power spectral analysis and the Porges technique of filtered variance. Low-frequency power was removed from instantaneous 4-Hz R-R interval signals using either a first-order linear (linear/spectral technique) or a third-order polynomial (MPF-var technique). The signals were band-pass filtered and analyzed in both the time and frequency domains. Although in most cases the two techniques yielded substantially similar results, the MPF-var technique resulted in signal amplification at a few specific frequencies. The frequency range and effect of amplification of the MPF-var technique were dependent upon the polynomial size, sampling frequency, and frequency content of the signal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1995.tb02101.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anxiety, Antisocial Behavior, and Heart Rate Regulation in Adolescent Males (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of child psychology and psychiatry 38 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-7610
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: We explored relationships between anxiety and antisocial behavior and autonomic heart rate regulation in a homogenous sample (N= 175 (of 15-year-ofd males. Measures for anxiety and antisocial behavior were obtained at yearly intervals over a period of 4–6 years. Components of heart rate variability associated with postural (sympathetic) and respiratory (vagal) change and transfer of respiratory to heart rate variability were estimated an age 15 using Spectral analytic techniques. Anxiety and antisocial behavior were predictably related to enhanced and diminished levels of mean heart rate, respectively. Anxiety was also predictably related to enhanced sympathetic mediation of phasic postural effects on heart rate. Antisocial behavior was unexpectedly related to disruption of vagally mediated, phasic respiratory effects on heart rate. Anxiety and antisocial behavior showed distinct relationships to heart rate, and to the autonomically mediated component, of heart rate variability from postural and respiration sources. Spectral analytic techniques helped elucidate these unique regulator; patterns, suggesting utility for future research in this area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01531.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heart rate variability: Origins, methods, and interpretive caveats (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychophysiology 34 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1469-8986
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Notes: Components of heart rate variability have attracted considerable attention in psychology and medicine and have become important dependent measures in psychophysiology and behavioral medicine. Quantification and interpretation of heart rate variability, however, remain complex issues and are fraught with pitfalls. The present report (a) examines the physiological origins and mechanisms of heart rate variability, (b) considers quantitative approaches to measurement, and (c) highlights important caveats in the interpretation of heart rate variability. Summary guidelines for research in this area are outlined, and suggestions and prospects for future developments are considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.1997.tb02140.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    How successful companies challenge conventional wisdom about the limits to growth (2005)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Strategy & leadership 33 (2005), S. 5-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1087-8572
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Purpose - Growth is the top priority on the CEO agenda, but the question they confront is "What factors constrain growth?" And, "How do successful companies drive growth?" Design/methodology/approach - IBM Institute for Business Value conducted a global study that focused on three questions: Who are the successful growers and what patterns are associated with them? What do successful growers do differently? How can other companies apply what they do? Findings - The major finding were: that limits to growth are often self-imposed and, as such, can be overcome; firms with the will to be successful growers can break free of perceived constraints related to size, industry boundaries and geographic neighborhood; and despite the widely held belief that mergers and acquisitions inherently destroy value for the acquirer, companies that learn to become successful growers use M&A strategies effectively. Research limitations/implications - Looking at 1,238 Global S&P 1200 companies, the IBM team analyzed the patterns of revenue growth and shareholder value creation over the decade, segmenting results by four component geographies and 18 industry groups. It selected three industries (consumer products, telecom services and electronics) for detailed assessment, developing cases studies for about 20 companies in each industry, picked to represent a range of successful and unsuccessful results. Practical implications - Winning the growth game requires companies to excel in three vital areas: course, capability and conviction. Successful growers set the right growth direction - the course - by forming a clear point of view on the future, evolving the product-market portfolio without being limited by history, building a competitive model to win and pursuing reinforcing initiatives to sustain growth. They truly understand their capabilities - based on realistic assessments of their strengths and limitations - and evolve their operational model to support the growth strategy. Finally, while many companies develop excellent plans, truly successful growers build organization-wide conviction that translates intent into action for everyone from top leaders to front line managers. Originality/value - The message is clear: neighborhood is not destiny. Executives have more room to be ambitious than they tend to believe. Winning companies set ambitious growth plans regardless of industry or geographic "limits." They aim for targets above and beyond what they and their peers typically expect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/10878570510631602
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