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  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A bent quartz-crystal spectrometer of the Johann type with a spectral resolution of λ/Δλ= 10000–25000 is used on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) to determine central plasma parameters from the spectra of helium-like and lithium-like metal impurity ions (Ti, Cr, Fe, and Ni). The spectra are observed along a central radial chord and are recorded by a position-sensitive multiwire proportional counter with a spatial resolution of 250 μ. Standard delay-line time-difference readout is employed. The data are histogrammed and stored in 64 K of memory providing 128 time groups of 512-channel spectra. The central ion temperature and the toroidal plasma rotation are inferred from the Doppler broadening and Doppler shift of the Kα lines. The central electron temperature, the distribution of ionization states, and dielectronic recombination rates are obtained from satellite-to-resonance line ratios. The performance of the spectrometer is demonstrated by measurements of the Ti xxi Kα radiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 830-832 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An array of 64 silicon surface-barrier diodes on a circular arc view Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) plasmas through a slot aperture to provide poloidal imaging of x-ray emission in the 200 eV–15 keV range. Information is inferred on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities, disruptions, radiation, impurity transport, electron temperature, and electron thermal conductivity. Spatial resolution is 2.5 cm. Movable absorber foil arrays provide energy selection. Preamplifier–amplifier pairs have gains of 0.05–100 V/μA. Two outputs are provided with (1) 40-, 80-, and 300-Hz and (2) 40-, 80-, and 600-kHz filtering. The signals are digitized at rates up to 500 kHz and stored in 128K (total system) memory. Foils, gains, and filters are selectable from the control room by a computer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A bent quartz-crystal spectrometer of the Johann type with a spectral resolution of λ/Δλ= 10000–25000 is used on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) to determine central plasma parameters from the spectra of helium-like and lithium-like metal impurity ions (Ti, Cr, Fe, and Ni). The spectra are observed along a central radial chord and are recorded by a position-sensitive multiwire proportional counter with a spatial resolution of 250 μ. Standard delay-line time-difference readout is employed. The data are histogrammed and stored in 64 K of memory providing 128 time groups of 512-channel spectra. The central ion temperature and the toroidal plasma rotation are inferred from the Doppler broadening and Doppler shift of the Kα lines. The central electron temperature, the distribution of ionization states, and dielectronic recombination rates are obtained from satellite-to-resonance line ratios. The performance of the spectrometer is demonstrated by measurements of the Ti xxi Kα radiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 1771-1773 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The conceptual design of the data handling system for the Compact Ignition Tokamak (CIT) takes advantage of the recent and upcoming advances in the technologies of database management systems, workstations, networking, and front-end processing. The software configuration of a diagnostic's front-end signal conditioning, data acquisition, and data reduction by means of filling in tables and specifying "objects'' for the data transformations will provide a more powerful tool for efficient application "programming.'' The maintenance of an audit trail of chains of transformations (input data and processes) will permit identification and recalculation of results which are affected by modifications of calibrations and processing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The highly indented plasmas of the PBX-M tokamak experiment [Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research (IAEA, Vienna, 1989), Vol. 1, p. 97] have reached plasma regimes of both high volume-averaged beta (βt), and high-beta poloidal (βp), and show evidence of the suppression of external surface modes by the passive stabilizing system. Values of βt up to 4.0 I/aB (% MA/m T) with Ti(0)≈4 keV have been obtained. A magnetohydrodynamic analysis of plasmas with βp=2.0 indicates that these plasmas are near the threshold of the second stability regime. A value of βt of 6.8% has been reached with Ti(0)〉5 keV and an indentation of 28%. Control of plasma shape is accomplished with a feedback system that uses a moment expansion about a single equilibrium and is augmented by time-dependent waveforms to redefine plasma shape. Diagnostics to measure the safety factor q have been developed and used to make accurate measurements of q(r) and to verify changes made in q(0).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 349-354 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In order to carry out x-ray observations of magnetohydrodynamic wave activity of the plasma during DD and DT (deuterium-beam-heated deuterium and tritium plasmas, respectively) operation of the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR), we will need detectors not susceptible to nuclear radiation damage. We have investigated the use of gridded ionization chambers as fast nondamageable x-ray detectors. A prototype chamber is described which was tested on the PDX tokamak. These tests and laboratory tests with a pulsed x-ray source suggest that the detector has sufficient sensitivity and speed for the required measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 963-965 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: General computerized control and data-handling support for TFTR diagnostics is presented within the context of the Central Instrumentation, Control and Data Acquisition (CICADA) System. Procedures, hardware, the interactive man–machine interface, event-driven task scheduling, system-wide arming and data acquisition, and a hierarchical data base of raw data and results are described. Similarities in data structures involved in control, monitoring, and data acquisition afford a simplification of the system functions, based on "groups'' of devices. Emphases and optimizations appropriate for fusion diagnostic system designs are provided. An off-line data reduction computer system is under development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (1986), S. 2133-2135 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A vertically viewing x-ray imaging system (XIS) has been designed to complement the existing 64-channel horizontal system on the tokamak fusion test reactor (TFTR) and enhance measurements of soft x-ray emissivity, plasma (major) radial position, and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) phenomena. System parameters have been selected to provide adequate signal strength and spatial resolution while permitting a substantial size and cost reduction with respect to the horizontal system. The compact, helium filled x-ray camera employs four eight-channel silicon detector modules and views the plasma through a 3-mil-thick beryllium window, providing 6-cm position resolution at the center. An x-ray absorber foil changer permits energy selection to match the horizontal XIS. Lead and hydrogenous shielding reduce noise from thermonuclear neutrons and associated gamma rays.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (1986), S. 2139-2141 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Fluctuations with a dominant poloidal structure involving the intact displacement of the center of the discharge play a significant role in tokamak discharges. A technique for the deductive analysis of their structures, which involve multiple harmonics due to the multipole moments, is desired. This paper describes (1) a method for the inversion of line integral data from a single view of a rotating plasma based on a harmonic decomposition of the poloidal structure, and (2) some techniques for determining critical parameters by inspection. A simulation program generates sample data based on the assumption of a slowly evolving plasma with a displaced central hot spot and a plateau near the radius of the "q=1'' surface. The sample data are decomposed into time windows to permit reconstruction of the profiles every few rotations. Results of the reconstructions are compared to the source data. Applicability of the techniques to experimental tokamak data is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 827-829 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The TFTR x-ray imaging system (XIS) is an array of 64-Si surface barrier diodes which image the plasma poloidally. Special absorber foils have been installed to permit measurement of electron temperature Te with 〈100-μs time resolution along 10–30 chords. The technique uses the ratio of x-ray fluxes transmitted through two different foils, which depend mainly on Te. Simulations show that strong line radiation can change this ratio. To correct for these effects, special beryllium–scandium filters are employed to select the line-free region between 2 and 4.5 keV. Separate filter pairs allow correction for strong L line radiation as well as Ti or Ni Kα emission. The Te determination is based on simulations. Comparison of results with Te values from the electron–cyclotron emission and x-ray pulse height analysis diagnostics is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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