Library

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 223 (1980), S. 285-292 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Microembolism ; Cat brain ; Electrophysiology ; Biochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung An ausgewachsenen Katzen wurde eine Mikroembolisierung der linken Hemisphäre durch Injektion von 2 Millionen Mikrosphären mit einem Durchmesser von 15±5 micron in die linke Arteria carotis communis hervorgerufen. Die pathophysiologischen und biochemischen Auswirkungen wurden elektroenzephalographisch und durch Bestimmung des Energie-Status des Hirnes beurteilt. Die Mikroembolisierung bewirkte eine augenblickliche Amplituden-Reduktion und Verlangsamung des linksseitigen EEGs mit anschließender Erholung innerhalb von 30 bis 60 min. Bei einigen Tieren trat auch über der gegenseitigen Hemisphäre eine vorübergehende Abflachung des EEGs auf. Im Gegensatz zu den deutlichen elektrophysiologischen Veränderungen änderten sich die Substrate des Energie produzierenden Stoffwechsels nur geringfügig. In der embolisierten Hemisphäre stieg das Pyruvat von 0,06 auf 0,10μmol/g und Laktat von 1,9 auf 4,6 μmol/g innerhalb von 5 min an. In den darauffolgenden 4h änderten sich diese Konzentrationen nicht wesentlich. Phosphokreatin, Adenosintriphosphat und das Energie-Potential der Adenin-Nukleotide veränderte sich während dieser Zeit nicht. Lediglich in der gegenüberliegenden Hemisphäre wurde vorübergehend eine Zunahme des ATP beobachtet. Bei 2 Tieren trat nach einigen Stunden eine sekundäre Abflachung und später vollständige Suppression des EEGs beider Hemisphären auf, die von einem völligen Zusammenbruch des Energiestoffwechsels begleitet war. Die Ursache hierfür war die Ausbildung eines massiven Hirnödems mit Steigerung des intrakraniellen Druckes und Kleinhirn-Herniation. Die Versuche legen den Schluß nahe, daß die einseitige Embolisierung des Hirnes mit 2 Millionen Mikrosphären trotz deutlicher elektrophysiologischer Symptome zu keinen wesentlichen Störungen des Energiestoffwechsels führt, solange kein Hirnödem und damit eine intrakranielle Hirndrucksteigerung auftritt. Dies steht in Übereinstimmung mit früheren Ergebnissen, die darauf hindeuten, daß das Ödem und nicht die Ischämie der wesentliche pathogenetische Faktor in der Ausbildung von Hirnschädigungen nach Mikroembolisierung ist.
    Notes: Summary Moderate unilateral cerebral ischemia was produced by microembolism in 24 adult cats. Two million plastic microspheres with a diameter of 15±5 microns were injected into the left common carotid artery via the lingual artery. The physiological and metabolic responses to embolism were assessed by electrocorticography and by determining the cerebral energy state. Embolism caused an immediate slowing and voltage reduction of the ipsilateral electrocorticogram with a gradual recovery after 30 to 60 min. Some animals also had an immediate and short depression of the contralateral electrocorticogram. In spite of the marked functional suppression, metabolites of the cerebral energy-producing metabolism in most of the animals changed only slightly. In the embolized hemisphere pyruvate increased from 0.06 to 0.10 μmol/g and lactate from 1.9 to 4.6 μmol/g within 5 min after embolization and remained at this level during the 4 h observation period. Phosphocreatine, adenosine triphosphate and the energy charge of the adenylate pool remained unchanged during this period. However, there was a slight increase of ATP in the non-embolized hemisphere during the early postembolic period. In two animals, the initial slowing of the electrocorticogram recurred and spread to the contralateral hemisphere, followed by bilateral flattening after a few hours. This delayed functional deterioration was accompanied by complete loss of energy-rich phosphates. These animals also had a progressive increase of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure and considerable brain swelling with cerebellar herniation after 4 h. It is concluded that unilateral cerebral embolism in the above concentration leads only to a slight increase of anerobic glycolysis without significant perturbation of the cerebral energy state, unless progressive brain swelling with cerebellar herniation supervenes. This supports previous findings, that brain edema and not initial ischemia is the main pathogenetic factor for tissue damage in cerebral microembolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    ISSN: 1590-3478
    Keywords: Hyperglycemia ; cerebral blood flow ; cerebral plasma volume ; stroke
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommario Il flusso ematico cerebrale (CBF) e il volume plasmatico cerebrale (CPV) sono stati misurati in corso di iperglicemia costante negli emisferi e nel tronco-cervelletto di ratti. Sono stati studiati tre gruppi di ratti, ciascuno con un diverso livello glicemico, 25, 33.3, 44.4 mml/L e un gruppo normoglicemico di controlo (8–9 ml/L). CBF è risultato immodificato ai livelli iperglicemici di 25 e 33.3 mml/L. Al livello iperglicemico più alto, i valori medi emisferici e del tronco-cervelletto sono risultati più bassi che nel controllo, benché le differenze non fossero statisticamente significative. CPV è stato trovato immodificato alla iperglicemia di 25 mml/L, mentre era aumentato ai livelli di 33.3 e 44.4 mml/L. I risultati dello studio non sono consistenti coll'ipotesi che l'iperglicemia favorisca il danno ischemico attraverso una riduzione del CBF.
    Notes: Abstract Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral plasma volume (CPV) were measured under steady-state hyperglycemic conditions in the hemispheres and brainstem-cerebellum of conscious rats. There groups of hyperglycemic animals each having a different level of plasma glucose concentration, 25,33.3, 44.4 mmol/l, and a normoglycemic control group were studied. CBF was not affected at the hyperglycemic levels of 25 and 33.3 mmol/l. Mean hemispheric and brainstem-cerebellum CBF values appeared lower than in controls at the highest glycemic level althoug the differences were not statistically significant. CPV was found to be unchanged at the hyperglycemic level of 25 mmol/l, while it was found to be increased in the hemispheres of the animals whose plasma glucose concentration had been elevated to 33.3 and 44.4 mmol/l. The results of the study do not support the claim that hyperglycemia may enhance ischemic brain injury by reducing CBF.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 1619-7089
    Keywords: Glucose transport ; Brain ; PET
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A method was developed to measure simultaneously (1) the rate constants for glucose influex and glucose efflux, and (2) the Michaelis-Menten constant (K M ) and maximal velocity (V max) for glucose transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in any selected brain area. Moreover, on the basis of a mathematical model, the local perfusion rate (LPR) and local unidirectional glucose transport rate (LUGTR) are calculated in terms of parameters of the time-activity curves registered over different brain regions; 11C-methyl-d-glucose (CMG) is used as an indicator. The transaxial distribution of activity in the organism is registered using dynamic positron-emission tomography (dPET). The method was used in 4 normal subjects and 50 patients with ischemic brain disease. In normals, the rate constant for CMG efflux was found to be 0.25±0.04 min-1 in the cortex and 0.12±0.02 min-1 in white matter. In the cortex, the K M was found to be 6.42 μmol/g and the V max was 2.46 μmol/g per minute. The LUGTR ranged from 0.43 to 0.6 μmol/g per minute in the cortex, and from 0.09 to 0.12 μmol/g per minute in white matter. The LPR was calculated to be 0.80–0.98 ml/g per minute for the cortex and 0.2–0.4 ml/g per minute for white matter. In patients with stroke, the ischemic defects appeared to be larger in CMG scans than in computed x-ray tomography (CT) scans. Prolonged reversible ischemic neurological deficit was associated with a significant fall in the LUGTR but no change in the LPR in the corresponding cerebral cortex. Normal LUGTR and significantly decreased LPR were registered in a patient with progressive occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. In a patient with transient ischemic attacks, a slightly reduced LPR and a disproportionally reduced LUGTR were observed before operation. After extra- and intrac-ranial bypass surgery, the LPR became normal, whereas the LUGTR increased but did not achieve normal values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...