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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The JT-60 diagnostic system
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Fusion Engineering and Design 5 (1987), S. 117-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 0920-3796
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0920-3796(87)90604-1
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion temperature measurements on JT-60 using He beam scattering (invited) (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 1652-1657 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In order to measure the ion temperature of the JT-60 tokamak, we have developed a Rutherford scattering system using a helium atom beam. A positive-ion beam generated by an ion source which has a capability of beam energy 200 keV and drain current 3.5 A is converted to a helium atom beam by collision with cold helium gas. The He atom beam, equivalent to 0.6 A, reaches the center of the vacuum chamber of the JT-60 tokamak. The scattering angle is 7.0°. Scattered helium atoms are analyzed by an E(parallel)B-type neutral particle energy analyzer with a gas stripping cell. This scattering system has been applied to investigate additionally heated plasmas by the method of neutral beam injection (NBI), ion cyclotron wave (ICRH), lower hybrid wave (LHRH), and combined heating of NBI+LHRH or ICRH in a parameter range of Bt=4.0 to 4.5 T, Ip=1.0 to 3.2 MA, and n¯e(approximately-less-than)1×1020 m−3. The ion temperatures obtained by the system are consistent with those measured by Doppler broadenings of Ti xxi and Ti xxii resonance lines. To investigate the influence of ion temperature and density profiles and the beam component of NBI heating on the determination of ion temperature, we have evaluated an energy spectrum of scattered atoms by using a simulation code. The result shows that in JT-60 plasmas the beam component hardly exerts an important influence on the determination of ion temperature by this diagnostic system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140124
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charge-exchange neutral particle measurement in MeV energy range on JT-60U : Proceedings of the tenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 339-341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A charge-exchange neutral particle analyzer for the measurement of the MeV energy range ions produced by nuclear fusion or radio frequency heating has been developed and installed in JT-60U. Neutral particles entering the analyzer are ionized with a carbon foil of thickness 400 A(ring). The energy and mass of the stripped ions are resolved by magnetic and electrostatic fields (E(parallel)B type). The analyzer has eight CsI(Tl) scintillator detectors. The energy range is 0.5–4 MeV for 4He0, the dynamic range is 4.08 and the energy resolution is 6%–11%. The detection efficiency for 4He0 with energy above 1 MeV is 30%–40%. A pulse height analysis (PHA) with 16 channels was adopted to distinguish particle signals from noise arising from neutrons, γ rays and optical lights emitted by JT-60U plasmas. The validity of the PHA was confirmed in a calibration experiment using a neutron source and in a high power heating experiment in JT-60U. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146405
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compact and wide-range charge-exchange neutral particle analyzer with an acceleration tube : Eight topical conference on high-temperature plasma diagnostics (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 61 (1990), S. 3107-3109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An E//B type neutral particle analyzer with an acceleration tube between a stripping cell and a deflection magnet has been developed to measure ion energy distributions in a wide energy range from thermal ions to fast ions up to several hundred kiloelectron volts simultaneously without making the analyzer size large. In the acceleration tube, ions are accelerated up to the detectable energy before coming into the deflection magnetic field. The acceleration method enables us to detect low-energy ions even for a strong deflection magnetic field to measure high-energy ions. Calibration experiments confirmed that ions were well accelerated according to expectation without degrading the abilities of the analyzer. The energy dynamic range Emax/Emin was improved up to 100 by the acceleration method. Using the analyzer, ion energy distributions have been measured in various heating experiments of JT-60.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1141696
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared TV measurement of fast ion loss on JT-60U : Proceedings of the tenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 594-596 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Toroidal field (TF) ripple transport, wave-particle interaction, and large magnetohydrodynamic modes can enhance fast ion losses and result in localized heat deposition on the first wall. Two-dimensional (2D) thermal measurement on the first wall provides useful information concerning these fast ion behaviors. In this article, we focus on the application of the 2D measurement with an infrared TV camera to TF ripple loss study. The content is (1) the 2D heat flux profile on the wall due to ripple loss, (2) the effects of the radial electric field, and (3) the ICRF effect on TF ripple loss. These experimental data demonstrate a great potential of infrared thermography in fast ion behavior study. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146297
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Confined alpha particle diagnostics in JT-60U : Eighth topical conference on high-temperature plasma diagnostics (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 61 (1990), S. 3220-3222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In reactor-grade tokamaks, it is important to investigate confinement properties of alpha particles. A double charge-exchange method using a high-energy probing beam is considered to be the most reliable one in diagnostic methods proposed for the measurement. In JT-60U, an alpha particle production experiment by D-3He ICRF heating will be performed to study the behavior of fusion product alphas. The alpha particle measurement is planned using a helium diagnostic beam (200 keV) and a mass-resolved neutral particle energy analyzer. The expected flux and spectral shape were evaluated by taking into account multistep ionization of helium beam atoms and neutralized alphas. The beam energy is lower than desirable for measuring fast confined alphas near the birth energy. However, by using the beam system, it has been found from the evaluation that we can investigate the confinement properties of fusion product alphas from the spectral shape. And also such a system using a present-day He beam is useful to diagnose behavior of confined alphas in reactor-grade tokamak such as ITER.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1141639
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fusion gamma-ray measurements for D–3He experiments at JT-60U : Papers from the thirteenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 877-880 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Fusion gamma rays were measured in D–3He experiments using negative ion-based neutral beam injection (N-NBI) in reverse shear plasmas of the JT-60 tokamak. 3He gas was puffed at plasma initiation and just before N-NB injection. The D–3He reaction produces 3.6 MeV alphas and 14.7 MeV protons, but there is also a small branch which provides 5Li and 16.7 MeV gamma rays. The total D–3He reaction rate can be evaluated from measurement of gamma rays of the 3He (d,γ) 5Li reactions using a 3 in. diam by 3 in. long Bi4Ge3O12 scintillator. The gamma-ray detector was located 17 m below the plasma center and measured the gamma-rays in a vertical line of sight. The detector was mounted inside a heavy collimator with polyethylene and lead shielding. The floor penetration, a 4×8 cm2 hole, was used as a precollimator. Energy calibration of the detector was done with photopeaks for neutron capture gamma rays from the structural materials in D–D discharges. The detection efficiency was calculated with Monte Carlo code MCNP-4B for 16.7 MeV gammas. The pulse height analysis of the gamma rays resulted in the D–3He fusion power of 110±30 kW in this experiment. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1321004
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic recombination between influenza viruses A0/NWS and A 2/Hong Kong (1971)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 34 (1971), S. 119-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Genetic cross was performed in human conjunctival cell cultures between two strains of influenza A virus, Ao/NWS and A2/Hong Kong, both of which plaque with high efficiency on the above cells and which differ from each other in some genetic markers. Clones of progeny virus from mixed infection were isolated in the absence of selective procedures and individually tested for the following marker characteristics; the serotype of the hemagglutinin and the neuraminidase, plaque size, plaque forming capability on FL cells, and requirement of DEAE-dextran for plaque formation. Characterization of 42 clones showed the recombination frequency in two factor cross between the above markers ranged from 18 to 43%. There was no indication of linkage between the markers employed. From the absence of recombination within the serotype of the hemagglutinin or that of the neuraminidase, it was suggested that recombination occurs mainly by exchange of cistrons. Three clones were suspected to be initiated by partially heterozygous virus particles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01241713
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural polypeptides of antigenically distinct strains of influenza B virus (1975)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 47 (1975), S. 367-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Analyses of the polypeptide composition of influenza B viruses by 13 per cent SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis are reported. The viruses contained polypeptides of eight species ranging in molecular weight from 27,000 to 78,000. Four of them were glycopeptides and were selectively removed from the surface of the virion by Bromelain treatment. One of the glycopeptides was identified as viral neuraminidase. Three antigenically distinct strains of influenza virus, B/Lee/40, B/Massachusetts/1/71 and B/Hong Kong/5/72, showed an essentially identical electrophoretic picture, although strain-to-strain difference was observed in the migration rate of HA1 and HA2 polypeptides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01347978
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of M protein of influenza B virus is specifically inhibited at a non-permissive temperature (1982)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 73 (1982), S. 199-204 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Growth of influenza B viruses is restricted at high temperatures. Within B/Yamagata-infected MDCK cells, the synthesis of the M protein was selectively inhibited at 39° C, accompanied by a reduced production of virus particles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01314728
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