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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Immunocytochemistry ; Juxtaglomerular apparatus ; Renin ; Angiotensin ; Angiotensinogen ; Converting enzyme ; Immunzytochemie ; Juxtaglomerulärer Apparat ; Renin ; Angiotensin ; Angiotensinogen ; Converting enzyme
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die intrarenale Verteilung von Renin, Converting enzyme (CE) und Angiotensin II (ANG II) wurde mit immunzytochemischen Methoden an Ratten und Mäusen untersucht. Die hier aufgezeigten spezifischen Verteilungsmuster dieser Komponenten des Renin-Angiotensin-Systems (RAS) legen die Annahme nahe, daß es neben den bekannten systemischen, durch ANG II vermittelten Effekten des RAS auch lokale Interaktionen von RAS-Bestandteilen innerhalb der Niere gibt. — Eine erste Folge dieser Interaktionen dürfte die intrarenale Generation einer zusätzlichen Portion von ANG II im Nierenblutstrom sein, deren Zielgebiet durch die spezifische Lokalisation von CE in bestimmten Endothelbereichen der Nierenstrombahn bestimmt wird. Solche intrarenal-intravasalen Reaktionen können für sich wirksam werden, aber auch den Effekt von „systemisch“, d.h. prärenal generiertem ANG II verstärken. — Unsere Ergebnisse sprechen weiter dafür, daß es neben diesen intrarenal-intravasalen auch echte intrarenal-interstitielle Interaktionen der RAS-Komponenten gibt, deren Wirkung sich über das im Interstitium der Nierenrinde generierte ANG II allein auf die Niere beschränkt. Für das Vorhandensein eines solchen lokal-intrarenalen RAS spricht vor allem der Nachweis von ANG II in den epitheloiden Zellen des JGA und die Dissoziation des systemischen — an der Plasmakonzentration abzulesenden — Renin und ANG II von deren lokal-intrarenalen Konzentrationen bei renal hypertensiven Ratten.
    Notes: Summary The localization of renin, converting enzyme (CE) and angiotensin II (ANG II) in the kidneys of rats and mice was investigated with immunocytochemical methods. According to the presence and specific intrarenal localization of these components of the renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) our results suggest that in addition to the well known systemic effects of the RAS, there are interactions of its components inside the kidney. These interactions may lead to the generation of an extra portion of ANG II in the renal blood stream with its target cells determined by the localization of CE at the luminal side of well defined endothelial areas. These intrarenal-intravasal reactions may or may not reinforce the action of “systemic” ANG II, generated prerenally. In addition, the existence of true intrarenal-interstitial interactions, with the different components and actions of this intrarenal RAS restricted entirely to the kidney is suggested by our results, particularly the demonstration of ANG II within epitheloid cells and the dissociation of systemic renin and ANG II from their local concentrations in renal hypertensive rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 139 (1986), S. 266-274 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Keywords: [abr] ANP; atrial natriuretic peptide ; [abr] Bbr-cGMP; 8-bromo-cyclicGMP ; [abr] SNP; sodium nitroprusside ; [abr] TPA; 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate ; [abr] db-cAMP; dibuturyl-cyclicAMP
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 139 (1986), S. 266-274 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Keywords: [abr] ANP; atrial natriuretic peptide ; [abr] Bbr-cGMP; 8-bromo-cyclicGMP ; [abr] SNP; sodium nitroprusside ; [abr] TPA; 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate ; [abr] db-cAMP; dibuturyl-cyclicAMP
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 314 (1985), S. 264-266 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The rat synthetic peptides used here were the 21-amino acid atriopeptin I (AP I), the 23-amino acid atriopeptin II (APII) and the 24-amino acid atriopeptin III (APIII)8. To obtain antibodies, New Zealand White rabbits were injected with AP II coupled to bovine thyroglobulin. AP III, which ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 225 (1978), S. 227-235 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Human placenta ; Neutral peptidases ; PZ-peptidase ; Menschliche Plazenta ; Neutrale Peptidasen ; PZ-Peptidase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In Fortführung unserer Arbeiten über Proteasen der menschlichen Plazenta wurden bisher nicht identifizierte neutrale Peptidasen aus Plazentarohextrakten durch Chromatographie an CM-Sephadex, präparative isoelektrische Fokussierung und Chromatographie an Ultrogel angereichert. Dadurch konnten zwei Acetyl-Aminoacyl-p-Nitranilidasen, drei Ala-Ala-p-Nitranilidasen, eine Benzyloxycarbonyl-Ala-Ala-p-Nitranilidase, eine Carbobenzoxy-Gly-Pro-Arg-p-Nitranilidase und eine PZ-Peptidase näher charakterisiert werden. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Molekulargewichte, isoelektrische Punkte und pH-Optima dieser Enzyme mitgeteilt.
    Notes: Summary Continuing our contributions on proteases of human placenta we enriched some unidentified neutral peptidases by chromatographying freeze dried placenta extracts on CM-Sephadex, followed by preparative isoelectric focusing and chromatography on Ultrogel. By this procedure two Acetyl-aminoacyl-p-nitranilidases, three Ala-Ala-p-nitranilidases, one Benzyloxycarbonyl-Ala-Ala-p-nitranilidase, one Carbobenzoxy-Gly-Pro-Arg-p-nitranilidase and one PZ-peptidase could be characterized in greater detail. Here molecular weights, isoelectric points and pH-optima of these enzymes are reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 340 (1989), S. 31-35 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Brain microdialysis ; Anterior hypothalamus ; Catecholamine release ; Angiotensin II ; Dopamine metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Microdialysis was used to investigate whether angiotensin II modulates the basal and K+-induced release of endogenous noradrenaline, dopamine and their metabolites 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol (DOPEG) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) from the anterior hypothalamus of the anaesthetized rat. The release of the amines was stimulated twice (ST1 and ST2) with either 50 mmol/l or 100 mmol/l K+. The release of each amine induced by K+ was reproducible and concentration-dependent. Angiotensin II when present in the perfusion fluid after ST1 at a concentration of 0.1 and 10 μmol/l (chosen after in vitro experiments had shown that the recovery of the peptide across the dialysis membrane was only 3.6%), had no significant effect on amine release. However, 10 μmol/l angiotensin II induced an immediate, significant increase in basal DOPAC outflow which reached a maximum of 89% in the 100 mmol/l K+ and 53% in the 50 mmol/l K+ experiments. No such effect was observed with DOPEG outflow. In a separate experimental series, addition of angiotensin II without a preceding K+ stimulation period did not significantly affect the outflow of the amines and metabolites. The results suggest that angiotensin II can selectively influence dopamine metabolism in the anterior hypothalamus in vivo but does not act locally to acutely facilitate the release of endogenous catecholamines from this brain area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Brain microdialysis ; Anterior hypothalamus ; Noradrenaline ; Dopamine ; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylglycol ; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic acid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The novel technique of microdialysis has been used to examine the basal and K+-induced release of catecholamines and metabolites from the anterior hypothalamus of the urethane-anaesthetized rat in vivo. A high pressure liquid chromatographic assay was developed to simultaneously measure endogenous noradrenaline, dopamine and their intraneuronal metabolites 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol (DOPEG) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) respectively, in each 60 μl dialysate sample. The effect of replacing Ca2+ in the perfusion fluid with a low concentration of Cd2+, which blocks Ca2+ effects, was also studied. Increasing the K+ concentration in the perfusion fluid elicited a concentration-dependent increase in noradrenaline and dopamine release. In contrast, there were marked reductions in DOPEG and DOPAC which were not concentration-dependent. In the Ca2+-depleted conditions, the K+-induced increase in amine release was significantly attenuated, but the reductions in the metabolites were not affected. We suggest that the mechanisms contributing to the observed reductions in the metabolites may be inhibition of neuronal reuptake, an increase in neuronal efflux, an enhancement of vesicular uptake and a decrease in vesicular efflux.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 78 (1983), S. 61-70 
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Angiotensin II (ANG II) was localized immunocytochemically in kidney and various other organs of the chinese hamster. In the kidney ANG II-like activity was found in the epitheloid cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus as well as in the media i.e. the smooth muscle cells of arcuate and interlobular arteries and afferent arterioles. ANG II-like activity was also observed in the medial muscle cells of resistance vessels in other organs and tissues such as submandibular gland and brown adipose tissue. The site of synthesis of ANG II needs to be investigated but the data point to the possibility of an intracellular function of ANG II in smooth muscle cells of blood vessels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Inflammation research 15 (1984), S. 111-118 
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) of the stroke prone strain (Okamoto) and in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) urinary kallikrein excretion was investigated at different age and at drug-induced diuresis. In rats of both strains from 7th till 19th week of age urinary kallikrein excretion increased with age. In SHRSP of 7th till 11th week of age kallikrein excretion was higher than in WKY rats, while it was lower in the 48-week-old SHRSP. No correlation was found between urinary kallikrein excretion and systolic blood pressure. In SHRSP and WKY rats a similar daily rhythm of kallikrein excretion in urine was found being high in the early morning and low in the afternoon. Kallikrein excretion correlated significantly with urine volume. The loop diuretic bumetanide (4 and 40 mg/kg) induced diuresis and natriuresis in both strains, however more marked in the WKY rats than in the SHRSP. Urinary kallikrein excretion, however, showed in both strains the same biphasic course with a short lasting increase and a secondary decrease. Thus, in the average urinary kallikrein excretion was not effected by the drug. Prolonged treatment with furosemide over 5 days (125 mg/kg) resulted in an increase in kallikrein excretion in urine, more pronounced in the WKY rats than in the SHRSP. The observed results suggest that renal kallikrein-kinin system is not involved in the development of spontaneous hypertension as a pathogenetic factor, but rather is influenced by other factors like hormone interactions, i.e. mineralocorticoids and catecholamines, as well as renal function and acute changes in urine flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 181 (1982), S. 105-112 
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Rat serum ; Arylamidases ; Proteolytic pattern
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Determination of proteolytic activities gains increasing importance for the diagnosis of various pathologic conditions. Many questions can only be solved with the aid of experiments with animals. In preparation of such studies the pattern of the enzymatic hydrolysis of 20 amino acid-p-nitroanilides and one -β-naphthylamide by normal rat serum was measured. The pH dependences of the single reactions are reported as well as their sensitivity to the action of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, dithioerithrol, and puromycin. Additionally, it is shown that collecting of the blood by cardiac puncture and preparation of the native plasma is the best way to get reproducible results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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