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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 42 (1986), S. 90-90 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary In 7 patients undergoing heart sugery the diffusion of cephacetrile, an antibiotic of the cephalosporin group, was measured in the pericardial exudate (6 patients) and in the pleural exudate (1 patient) for 24 hours. The patients received 30 mg/kg (1.5–2.0 g) cephacetrile, before and at the start of the operation, and then at intervals of 6 hours. The highest mean serum level following the second injection (30 minutes after the start of surgery) was 159 (±28) µg/ml, and after the third injection 108 (±16) µg/ml. Four hours after beginning surgery it was possible to measure the first cephacetrile concentrations in the pericardial exudate. The maximum values were 〉30 µg/ml and 4 hours after administration 〉6 µg/ml was usually still observed. The high concentrations of cephacetrile in the pericardial exudate could not be attributed to seepage of blood into the pericardium. Our results show that this cephalosporin exhibits good diffusion in exudate. The concentrations of antibiotic substance in the pericardial exudate are higher than the minimal inhibitory concentrations valid for most of the pathogens which pose a threat in heart surgery.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei 7 Patienten wurde bei einer Herzoperation die Diffusion von Cephacetril, einem Antibiotikum der Cephalosporin-Gruppe, im Perikarderguß (bei 6 Patienten) und im Pleuraerguß (1 Patient) während 24 Stunden gemessen. Den Patienten wurde vor der Operation, bei Operationsbeginn, dann alle 6 Stunden, 30 mg/kg (1,5–2,0 g) Cephacetril verabreicht. Im Serum ergab der mittlere Spitzenwert nach der 2. Injektion (1/2 Stunde nach Operationsbeginn) 159 (±28) µg/ml und nach der 3. Injektion 108 (±16) µg/ml. 4 Stunden nach Operationsbeginn konnten die 1. Cephacetril-Konzentrationen im Perikardexsudat gemessen werden. Die Spitzenwerte erreichten 〉30 µg/ml, und 4 Stunden nach Verabreichung waren meistens noch 〉6 µg/ml vorhanden. Die hohen Cephacetril-Konzentrationen im Perikarderguß konnten nicht einer Blutkontamination zugeschrieben werden. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, daß dieses Cephalosporin gut in ein Exsudat diffundiert. Die bei dieser Dosierung gefundenen Antibiotika-Konzentrationen im Perikarderguß sind höher als die minimalen Hemmkonzentrationen der meisten bei Herzoperationen gefürchteten pathogenen Keime.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 11 (1985), S. 184-185 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 212 (1976), S. 203-211 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das neue Aminoglycosidantibiotikum Tobramycin hat sich in einer prospektiven, nicht randomisierten, klinischen Studie bei schweren Systeminfektionen mit gram-negativen Keimen durch eine ausgesprochen starke antibakterielle Wirkung ausgezeichnet. Ototoxische Nebenwirkungen traten nur selten und dann in milder Form auf. Keiner von 18 behandelten Patienten zeigte signifikante Änderungen im Reintonaudiogramm vor und nach Behandlung sowie bei einer 9 Monate später vorgenommenen Kontrolle. Drei von 5 Patienten mit Niereninsuffizienz entwickelten leichtere vestibuläre Störungen, die durch elektronystagmografisch aufgezeichnete kalorische Prüfungen objektiviert wurden. Diese vestibulären Hyporeflexien erwiesen sich jedoch alle als reversibel wenige Wochen nach Unterbrechung der Medikation. Trotz der Seltenheit dieser Nebenwirkungen wird eine strikte kochleovestibuläre Überwachung während länger dauernden Tobramycinbehandlungen empfohlen, vor allem in Fällen mit Niereninsuffizienz.
    Notes: Summary In a clinical, prospective, non-randomized study, tobramycin has shown its high antibacterial activity in Gram-negative bacillary infections. The incidence of ototoxic side effects was very low: none of 18 patients studied before, at the end and 9 months after completion of tobramycin therapy showed any change in pure tone audiograms. Five of these 18 patients had renal impairment: 3 of them developed subjective and objective evidence of vestibular dysfunction, as demonstrated by caloric vestibulometry. However, these bilateral vestibular lesions all proved to be reversible a few weeks after cessation of therapy. Despite the low incidence and the reversibility of the ototoxic side effects, it seems advisable to monitor patients on long-duration tobramycin therapy for signs of vestibular dysfunction, particularly in cases of renal insufficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 4 (1985), S. 598-600 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 6 (1987), S. 28-34 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Five immunological tests were evaluated for their ability to detectStreptococcus pneumonine antigen in serum and urine simultaneously as a means of rapid diagnosis in 40 patients with bacteremic or non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia or pneumonia with other etiologies. Serum and urine were screened in parallel with counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE), two commercial latex agglutination kits — the Slidex pneumokit (LA-SPK) and the BactigenStreptococcus pneumoniae kit (LA-Bac) — the coagglutination Phadebact Pneumococcus test (CoA) and a newly developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) containing the immunoglobulin G fraction from rabbit pneumococcal antiserum. The detection rate for accumulated serum in bacteremic patients was 18 % for LA-Bac, 24 % for CIE, 47 % for LA-SPK and CoA and 76 % for ELISA, whereas antigenuria was present in only 29 % for LA-SPK, 24 % for CIE, 19 % for CoA, 14 % for LA-Bac and 5 % for ELISA. Detection by ELISA of pneumococcal antigen in severely ill patients can predict bacteremia and rapidly confirm the diagnosis of pneumococcal pneumonia if sputum and results of blood cultures are not available.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 3 (1984), S. 439-441 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two co-primary cases of schoolchildren with acute meningococcal disease due to infection withNeisseria meningitidis serogroup B are described. The first patient presented with septic shock and purpura fulminans, bacteremia greater than 105 organisms/ml blood, low C3 and factor B levels and an elevated level of C3d. The second patient had meningitis, negative blood cultures, normal levels of serum complement components but more than 104 organisms/ml in CSF. A comparison of the quantitative bacteriology data and complement profiles for these patients suggests that the degree of activation of complement during meningococcemia is directly related to the number of organisms in the blood. This association may determine the different clinical syndromes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 4 (1985), S. 379-381 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 8 (1989), S. 1075-1079 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Langerhans cells ; Murine AIDS ; Antigen presenting cell
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Since alterations of epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) have been observed in humans infected with HIV, we investigated the morphology and function of these cells in murine acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (MAIDS), a murine model closely resembling human AIDS. The number as well as the shape of dendritic MHC class II+ cells from ear skin of C57BL/6 mice were similar in normal and infected animals. In mixed epidermal cell (EC) lymphocyte cultures, EC from infected mice and from normal mice stimulated allogeneic T cell proliferation to the same extent. In contrast to T cells from normal mice, however, T cells from infected mice did not respond to allogeneic spleen cells, confirming the presence of a T-cell defect in MAIDS. Subcutaneous injection of syngeneic mice with trinitrophenyl-modified MAIDS EC resulted in delayed ear swelling responses after challenge that were equivalent to those induced by hapten-modified EC from normal mice, suggesting that the contact sensitivity inducing potential of MAIDS LC was preserved. To investigate antigen presenting and processing function, EC and spleen cells were tested with the ovalbumin-specific IAb-restricted T cell hybridoma BO.17.10 and either ovalbumin 323–339 peptide or intact ovalbumin protein. MAIDS spleen cells had a reduced antigen presenting capacity compared with normal spleen cells, whereas EC from these mice showed the same processing and presenting capacity as normal controls. In summary, our results demonstrate that the frequency, morphology, level of MHC class II antigen expression and ability to process and present antigen is normal for LC from mice with MAIDS whereas the function of splenic T cells and APC from infected mice is significantly impaired.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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