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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ABO/secretor genetic complex is associated with the susceptibility of childhood asthma in Taiwan (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 35 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Histo-blood groups, ABO, Lewis (Le) and secretor (Se) were found to be associated with lower lung function and wheezing in coal miners as well as in asthmatic children in some studies but not others, possibly reflecting the genetic heterogeneity among different ethnicities and local environmental exposure.Objective The present study was conducted to determine the association between ABO, Lewis and secretor genetic complex with susceptibility of childhood asthma in Taiwan.Methods We randomly selected 136 asthmatic children and 161 age-matched controls from a childhood asthma survey conducted in primary schools. ABO and Lewis blood groups were determined by red blood cell agglutination methods. Analysis of Se genotype was performed by PCR with sequence-specific primers.Results There was a higher prevalence rate in secretor subjects (Se/Se) (odds ratio (OR)=1.7, confidence interval (CI)=1.022–2.938) in asthma as compared with controls. The combined effect of these three blood systems revealed that blood group O/secretor phenotype (Se/Se) (OR=2.7, CI=1.126–6.033), and blood group O/Le(a−b−) (OR=3.6, CI=1.080–11.963, P〈0.03) individuals were significantly associated with asthma. The Lewis Le(a−b−) recessive genotype (OR=3.3, CI=1.267–8.482), or the joint blood group O/Le(a−b−) phenotype (OR=5.2, CI=1.259–21.429, P〈0.02), was significantly associated with high serum IgE (〉500 IU), respectively. There was no association of these three blood systems with the sensitivity of dust mite, Dermatophagoide pteronyssinus, in our study population.Conclusions We concluded that blood group O/secretors (Se/Se) and O/Le(a−b−) were associated with childhood asthma, and may act as one of the predominant factors for environmental triggers of allergy for asthmatic children in Taiwan.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02278.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation and dissolution of microcrystalline graphite in carbon-implanted GaN (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 5662-5665 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Two sharp bands at ∼1350 and ∼1600 cm−1 were observed in the Raman spectra of carbon-implanted GaN after postimplantation annealing treatments. The intensities of these two bands increased while their full widths at half maximum decreased with increasing annealing temperature. The observation of these two bands indicates the formation of microcrystalline graphite in C-implanted GaN. Hall measurements demonstrated that some dispersed C in GaN acted as acceptors and played a role in reducing electron concentration and Hall mobility. The facts that in 1100 °C furnace annealing the intensities of these two Raman peaks decreased rapidly to zero and the resistivity increased by 3 orders of magnitude indicate the dissolution of microcrystalline graphite at this temperature. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1290462
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electroluminescence from semitransparent Au film/nanometer SiO2/nanometer Si/nanometer SiO2/n+–Si structure under reverse bias (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 1416-1418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Nanometer SiO2/nanometer Si/nanometer SiO2 double-barrier (DB) structures, with Si layers having eleven different thicknesses from 2 to 4 nm, were deposited on n+–Si substrates using the magnetron sputtering technique. Strong electroluminescence (EL) from semitransparent Au film/DB/n+–Si structure was observed under reverse bias in a range of about 5–7 V. It is found that every EL spectrum of the structure can be decomposed into two Gaussian bands with peaks at around 1.85 and 2.25 eV, and their intensities and current swing synchronously with increasing nanometer Si layer thickness; the periodic length of swing is consistent with half of the de Broglie wavelength of the carriers. A comparison was carried out between EL from the Au/DB/n+–Si structure under reverse bias and that from the Au/DB/p–Si structure under forward bias reported previously. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1290597
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of Chinese herbal medicine, xiao-qing-long tang (XQLT), on allergen-induced bronchial inflammation in mite-sensitized mice (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: There are detailed descriptions of the clinical experiences and prescriptions of asthma in traditional Chinese medicine. Xiao-qing-long tang (XQLT), or sho-seiryo-to by its Japanese name, is one of the Chinese herbal medicines used to treat bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis for centuries. However, the therapeutic mechanisms of this medication are still far from clear. In this study, a house-dust-mite (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus [Der p])-sensitized murine model of asthma was used to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of XQLT on the allergen-induced airway inflammation in asthma. Methods: Three different protocols were designed to evaluate the treatment and/or long-term prophylactic effect of XQLT in Der p-sensitized mice. XQLT extracts (1 gm/kg) were administered to sensitized mice 1 h before allergen challenge (AC) (group A), 24 h after AC (group B), and every other day six times before AC (group C), respectively. Cellular infiltration and T-cell subsets in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of allergen-challenged mice were analyzed. Intrapulmonary lymphocytes were also isolated to evaluate their response to allergen stimulation. Results: When XQLT was administered to the sensitized mice before AC (groups A and C), it suppressed airway inflammation by decreasing the number of total cells and eosinophil infiltration in the BALF, and downregulated the allergen- or mitogen-induced intrapulmonary lymphocyte response of sensitized mice as compared to those of controls. This immunomodulatory effect of XQLT may be exerted through the regulation of T-cell subsets by elevation or activation of the CD8+ and double-negative T-cell population in the lung. However, the administration of XQLT to sensitized mice 24 h after AC (group B) did not have the same inhibitory effect on the airway inflammation as XQLT given before AC. Conclusions: The administration of XQLT before AC has the immunomodulatory effect of reducing bronchial inflammation in the allergen-sensitized mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00728.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DISPERSION OF POLLUTANTS IN THE STRAIT OF CANSO (1976)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 12 (1976), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Notes: By using the method of successive approximations, the one-dimensional diffusion equation was solved for the distribution of pollutant from an instantaneous point source in a semi-infinite body of water under the influence of wind-generated waves. The solution was obtained with the aid of an expression developed in this study to relate the dispersion coefficient to wind speed, characteristics of a wind-generated wave, and drift current velocities. The results indicate that the wave causes the local concentration to oscillate with respect to time around a mean concentration distribution curve. The period of the oscillation is about that of the wave, and its amplitude is always less than 7 percent of the mean. The effect of a chemical reaction is to reduce the level of pollutant concentration, the magnitude of the reduction being dependent upon both the rate constant and the order of reaction. The case of simultaneous dumping of one pollutant at different sites was also considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1976.tb02746.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Permeation of carbon dioxide through homogeneous dense and asymmetric cellulose acetate membranes (1988)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 26 (1988), S. 1035-1048 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Sorption isotherms for carbon dioxide in a homogeneous dense cellulose acetate membrane were measured by the pressure decay method at three temperatures between 20 and 40°C and gas pressures up to 1.7 MPa. Steady-state permeation rates for the same system at three temperatures between 24 and 40°C and gas pressures up to 2.2 MPa were measured by the variable volume method. The equilibrium sorption was described well in terms of the dual-mode sorption model. The pressure dependence of the mean permeability coefficient was interpreted by the total immobilization model, i.e., a limiting case of the dual-mode mobility model, where the diffusion coefficient for the Henry's law mode is not assumed to be constant but depends upon gas pressure via a modified free-volume theory. The observed pressure dependence of the mean permeability coefficient through an asymmetric cellulose acetate membrane was very similar to that through a homogeneous dense membrane. The thin skin layer in the asymmetric membrane can be simulated by a homogeneous dense membrane from the point of view of gas sorption and diffusion.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1988.090260508
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Permeation of mixed gases in glassy polymer membranes (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 40 (1990), S. 1391-1399 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Steady-state permeation rates for pure CO2 and CH4 and the binary mixture through homogeneous dense polysulfone and polycarbonate membranes have been measured at 40°C and upstream pressures up to 26 atm. The pressure dependence of the mean permeability coefficients for CO2 and CH4 for all of the systems was simulated equally well in terms of the dual-mode mobility models driven by gradients of chemical potential and concentration. The dual-mode sorption and transport parameters used for evaluation of the mobility models are only those determined from sorption and permeation runs for a single gas. The approximate solution for the mean permeability coefficient of each component in a binary mixture was derived on the basis of the same mobility model driven by gradients of chemical potential. The deviation of approximate solutions from numerical ones remains less than 0.3%.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1990.070400725
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Emulsion and miniemulsion copolymerization of acrylic monomers in the presence of alkyd resin (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 60 (1996), S. 2069-2076 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Emulsion and miniemulsion copolymerizations were carried out with acrylic monomers (methyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, and acrylic acid) in the presence of an alkyd resin. Poly(methyl methacrylate) was used as a hydrophobe or cosurfactant in the miniemulsion reactions. The results demonstrate that miniemulsion polymerization is the preferred process, probably because of mass transport limitations of the alkyd in the conventional emulsion polymerization reactions. The monomer emulsions prepared for the miniemulsion reactions were much more stable and the polymerizations were free of coagulum. Reaction rates, particle size characteristics, grafting efficiencies, and some film properties were measured. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Permeation of pure carbon dioxide and methane and binary mixtures through cellulose acetate membranes (1990)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 28 (1990), S. 113-125 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Steady-state permeation rates for pure CO2 and CH4 and their binary mixtures through homogeneous dense cellulose triacetate membranes have been measured at three temperatures between 20 and 40°C and pressures up to 2.8 MPa. The pressure dependence of the mean permeability coefficient for CO2 can be described by the total immobilization model in conjunction with a modified free-volume model. No appreciable pressure dependence of the permeability coefficient for CH4 is observed, while the permeability coefficients for CH4 in binary mixture of CO2 and CH4 depend on applied gas pressure. The pressure dependences of the mean permeability coefficients for the components in the binary mixture are discussed in terms of the above mobility model. Membrane plasticization induced by CO2 affects permeation by both gases.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1990.090280110
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