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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Cyclosporin A ; Renal transplantation ; Azathioprine ; Steroids ; Immunosuppression ; Cyclosporin A ; Nierentransplantation ; Azathioprin ; Steroide ; Immunsuppression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einer multizentrischen Studie mit acht beteiligten Zentren wurden 232 Empfänger von Leichennieren-Transplantaten nach dem Zufallsprinzip einer Behandlung mit Cyclosporin A (CyA-Gruppe: 117 Patienten) bzw. mit Azathioprin und Steroiden (Kontrollgruppe: 115 Patienten) zugewiesen. Nach einer Beobachtungsperiode zwischen 2 Wochen und 11 Monaten betrug die geschätzte Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeit der Transplantate 73% in der CyA- und 53% in der Kontrollgruppe. Während der Therapie gab es zwei Todesfälle in der CyA- gegenüber sieben in der Kontrollgruppe. 82% der CyA-Patienten mit funktionsfähigen Transplantaten erhielten CyA allein, 17% wurden auf die herkömmliche Therapie umgestellt, und ein Patient erhielt Prednisolon zusätzlich zu CyA. Steroide haben nie 27% erhalten. Die Nierenfunktion 6 Monate nach der Transplantation war in der CyA-Gruppe ähnlich wie in der Azathioprin- und Steroid-Gruppe. Nach diesen vorläufigen Ergebnissen scheint CyA wirkungsvoller als die konventionelle Immunsuppression zu sein, wobei Langzeit-Steroid-Therapie vermieden werden kann.
    Notes: Summary In a multicentre trial conducted in eight European centres, 232 recipients of cadaveric renal allografts were randomly allocated to receive either cyclosporin A (CyA, 117 patients) or azathioprine and steroids (control, 115 patients) for immunosuppression. After a follow-up period of up to eleven months, graft survival probability estimates are 73% in the CyA group and 53% in the control group. Two deaths have occurred in the CyA group and seven in the control group. 82% of the CyA group with functioning grafts are receiving CyA alone, 17% have been changed to azathioprine and steroids and one patient is receiving prednisolone in addition to CyA; 27% have never received steroids. At six months post-transplant renal function is similar in patients receiving CyA and in those receiving azathioprine and steroids. On the basis of these preliminary results CyA appears to be more effective than conventional immunosuppression and avoids the necessity of longterm steroid therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 110 (1963), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 9 (1944), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 190 (1961), S. 552-552 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The value of such therapeutic work is three-fold. First, by prolonging the life-span of these animals it becomes possible to obtain critical details on the mechanism of the disease as it progresses. Secondly, effective therapeutic agents may give valuable leads regarding the primary metabolic ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Journal of Latin American studies 9 (1977), S. 1-34 
    ISSN: 0022-216X
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Political Science
    Notes: No aspect of Brazilian history has received so stereotyped a treatment as the position of the female and her contribution to the society and economy of the colony. The white donzela and the lady of the ‘big house’ have been depicted as leading a secluded existence, be it in the innermost recesses of their homes or in conventual cells, immune to harsh realities and safe from brash overtures by pretenders. Of the white woman, it was said, during her lifetime she left her home on only three occasions: to be baptized, to be married, and to be buried. The role of the white woman was seen as essentially passive, victim of the demands of an over-bearing and frequently unfaithful older husband to whom she would bear children, or of a martinet of a father. As for the Amerindian woman, whose beauty led the discoverers to initial raptures of platonic appreciation and then sexual overindulgence, she has rarely been depicted in any role other than that of concubine or lover. The black and mulatto woman, slave or free, became a symbol of sensual arousal and sexual fulfillment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Journal of Latin American studies 6 (1974), S. 173-175 
    ISSN: 0022-216X
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Political Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have developed and used a novel technique to investigate the effects of lithium and other psychotropic drugs on the cation-transporting properties of the sodium- and potassium-activated ATPase enzyme (Na+, K+-ATPase) in intact synaptosomes. Rubidium-86 uptake into intact synaptosomes is an active process and is inhibited by ∼75% in the presence of the Na+, K+-ATPase inhibitor acetylstrophanthidin. In vitro addition of lithium to synaptosomes prepared from untreated mice causes a progressive inhibition of acetylstrophanthidin-sensitive 86Rb uptake, but only at concentrations higher than the clinical therapeutic range. However, pretreatment of mice for 14 days in vivo with lithium, carbamazepine, and haloperidol, but not phenytoin, causes a significant stimulation of 86Rb uptake into synaptosomes via Na+, K+-ATPase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 40 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The derived pharmacokinetic data for the intravenous administration of fentanyl obtained from seven previous studies were compared using computer simulation of predicted plasma concentrations following three intravenous dosage regimens. There was wide discrepancy between the reported calculated pharmacokinetic constants from the various studies, such that the volume of distribution ranged from 4.4 to 59.7 litres, estimates of terminal elimination half-life ranged from 141 to 853 minutes while total body clearance values ranged from 160 to 1530 ml/minute. The differences in predicted plasma concentrations were marked. The peak concentration following a bolus of 500 pg ranged from 8.4–113.6 ng/ml and took from 2.9 to 18.9 hours to fall to 0.5 ng/ml. The steady state plasma concentration reached with an infusion of 0.3 μg/kg/minute varied from 12.2–119.9 ng/ml and the plateau level attained with a two-rate infusion (2.7 μg/kg/minute for 20 minutes then 0.3 μg/kg/minute) ranged from 10.6–50.8 ng/ml. The aim of descriptive pharmacokinetics is to allow the clinician to predict the plasma concentration achieved by a given dose and to facilitate dosage choice and adjustment. Recent interest has centred on the use of pharmacokinetics to calculate continuous intravenous infusion dosage regimens. The clinical application of current pharmacokinetic data for fentanyl is questionable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 15 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 2 (1975), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The cardiovascular effects of prazosin, a new antihypertensive drug, were studied in normotensive and genetically hypertensive rats.2. Prazosin, infused intra-arterially, lowered vascular resistance in the blood-perfused rat hind limb. This effect was dependent on the presence of intact sympathetic innervation to the limb; no direct vasodilatation was demonstrated. In this preparation prazosin infusion reduced vasoconstrictor responses to nor-adrenaline.3. In the saline-perfused rat mesenteric artery preparation prazosin reduced responses to noradrenaline and sympathetic nerve stimulation but not those to serotonin and vasopressin. Prazosin was more potent than phentolamine, on a molar basis, in reducing the vasoconstrictor effects of noradrenaline.4. A comparison of the effects of prazosin injected intravenously and into a lateral cerebral ventricle failed to show any central action of the drug on blood pressure. Experiments using the donor blood-perfused, vascularly isolated rat hind limb preparation confirmed that the sympatholytic effect of prazosin occurred within the limb itself.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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