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  • 1985-1989  (12)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1985  (12)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fast multichannel electron temperature diagnostic for TFTR using x-ray imaging (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 827-829 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: The TFTR x-ray imaging system (XIS) is an array of 64-Si surface barrier diodes which image the plasma poloidally. Special absorber foils have been installed to permit measurement of electron temperature Te with 〈100-μs time resolution along 10–30 chords. The technique uses the ratio of x-ray fluxes transmitted through two different foils, which depend mainly on Te. Simulations show that strong line radiation can change this ratio. To correct for these effects, special beryllium–scandium filters are employed to select the line-free region between 2 and 4.5 keV. Separate filter pairs allow correction for strong L line radiation as well as Ti or Ni Kα emission. The Te determination is based on simulations. Comparison of results with Te values from the electron–cyclotron emission and x-ray pulse height analysis diagnostics is presented.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138186
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor x-ray imaging diagnostic (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 830-832 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: An array of 64 silicon surface-barrier diodes on a circular arc view Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) plasmas through a slot aperture to provide poloidal imaging of x-ray emission in the 200 eV–15 keV range. Information is inferred on magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities, disruptions, radiation, impurity transport, electron temperature, and electron thermal conductivity. Spatial resolution is 2.5 cm. Movable absorber foil arrays provide energy selection. Preamplifier–amplifier pairs have gains of 0.05–100 V/μA. Two outputs are provided with (1) 40-, 80-, and 300-Hz and (2) 40-, 80-, and 600-kHz filtering. The signals are digitized at rates up to 500 kHz and stored in 128K (total system) memory. Foils, gains, and filters are selectable from the control room by a computer.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138187
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor prototype x-ray pulse-height analyzer diagnostic (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 840-842 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: The x-ray pulse-height analysis (PHA) diagnostic uses a liquid-nitrogen cooled array of 5 Si(Li) and one HpGe detectors to do time-resolved (5–100 ms) x-ray spectroscopy of the central horizontal chord of the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) plasmas in the 1–50-keV range. Central electron temperature Te and concentration of medium and low-Z impurities are derived from the spectra. Remotely selectable absorber-foil arrays provide selection of the energy range. Fixed and movable aperture arrays allow approximate equalization of count rates in different energy bands and extend dynamic range. Amplifier pulse shapes are approximately triangular. Main amplifier peaking time is 4 μs yielding 230-eV FWHM at 5.9 keV. Pileup inspection times are selectable at 0.13, 0.4, or 0.9 μs. Throughput is up to 42 kHz. The PHA has been used to study temperature and impurities over a wide range of TFTR operational parameters. Dramatic variations in metal impurities with density, plasma current, and major radius have been observed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138517
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor horizontal high-resolution Bragg x-ray spectrometer (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 1165-1168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: A bent quartz-crystal spectrometer of the Johann type with a spectral resolution of λ/Δλ= 10000–25000 is used on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) to determine central plasma parameters from the spectra of helium-like and lithium-like metal impurity ions (Ti, Cr, Fe, and Ni). The spectra are observed along a central radial chord and are recorded by a position-sensitive multiwire proportional counter with a spatial resolution of 250 μ. Standard delay-line time-difference readout is employed. The data are histogrammed and stored in 64 K of memory providing 128 time groups of 512-channel spectra. The central ion temperature and the toroidal plasma rotation are inferred from the Doppler broadening and Doppler shift of the Kα lines. The central electron temperature, the distribution of ionization states, and dielectronic recombination rates are obtained from satellite-to-resonance line ratios. The performance of the spectrometer is demonstrated by measurements of the Ti xxi Kα radiation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138023
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    MIRI: A multichannel far-infrared interferometer/polarimeter for TFTR (abstract) (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 938-938 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: A double path multichannel far-infrared interferometer/ polarimeter employing retroreflectors for density and current profile determination has been developed for TFTR. The system containing about 400 optical components is mounted on a 70 000-lb. vibration-free stand which encircles TFTR. Optically pumped cw CH3OH (λ=110 μm, p(approximately-equal-to)100 mW) twin lasers with a frequency separation of l MHz are employed as a source. Quasioptical Schottky diodes (NEP(approximately-equal-to)l0−9 W(Hz)1/2) are used as detectors. Considerable efforts are devoted to have remote control capabilities for future D–T operation. The detailed design characteristics of this system together with preliminary results of chord averaged density information will be presented. Also the theoretical aspects of Faraday rotation for TFTR plasma will be discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138051
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fast turbulent correlations from phase coherence velocimetry (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 1831-1832 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: Flows with coherent structures allow see-free measurements of local velocity and velocity fluctuations. Continuous turbulent velocity histories in ionizing shock waves are obtained at a 10-MHz sampling rate. From this, correlation profiles and frequency spectra are determined which reveal the presence of prominent high-frequency components.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138103
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor horizontal high-resolution Bragg x-ray spectrometer (abstract) (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 848-848 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Elektrotechnik, Elektronik, Nachrichtentechnik
    Notizen: A bent quartz-crystal spectrometer of the Johann type with a spectral resolution of λ/Δλ= 10000–25000 is used on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) to determine central plasma parameters from the spectra of helium-like and lithium-like metal impurity ions (Ti, Cr, Fe, and Ni). The spectra are observed along a central radial chord and are recorded by a position-sensitive multiwire proportional counter with a spatial resolution of 250 μ. Standard delay-line time-difference readout is employed. The data are histogrammed and stored in 64 K of memory providing 128 time groups of 512-channel spectra. The central ion temperature and the toroidal plasma rotation are inferred from the Doppler broadening and Doppler shift of the Kα lines. The central electron temperature, the distribution of ionization states, and dielectronic recombination rates are obtained from satellite-to-resonance line ratios. The performance of the spectrometer is demonstrated by measurements of the Ti xxi Kα radiation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138068
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Functional Development of the Stomach (1985)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Physiology 47 (1985), S. 199-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4278
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Medizin , Biologie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ph.47.030185.001215
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Passive smoking under controlled conditions (1985)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 56 (1985), S. 99-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Schlagwort(e): Identical exposure ; Nicotine ; Cotinine ; Saliva ; Urine ; RIA ; Gaschromatography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Ten healthy subjects were exposed to passive smoking at a high level corresponding to 25–30 ppm CO in the ambient air for 3 h. All subjects were exposed at the same time in a climatic chamber especially designed for exposure experiments. Despite an identical exposure rate considerable interindividual variability of subsequent nicotine and cotinine levels in saliva, plasma and 24-h urine were observed. This variability was more prominent in nicotine than in cotinine levels. The kinetic pattern as reflected by saliva levels for up to 24 h was consistent with previous data found in active smokers. Nicotine levels found in saliva were markedly influenced by repeated sampling. This was not the case for cotinine levels. With regard to laboratory techniques RIA seems to be more sensitive than gaschromatography (GC). The results of this study suggest that measuring cotinine levels in 24-h urine with RIA is presently the most sensitive and reliable criterion for estimating exposure to passive smoking and for validating questionnaires or interviews about short-term exposure to passive smoking.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00379381
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Alarm substances of the stingless bee,Trigona silvestriana (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 11 (1985), S. 409-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Alarm substances ; nest defense ; 2-heptanol ; 2-nonanol ; mandibular gland ; Hymenoptera ; Apidae ; Meliponinae ; stingless bees ; Trigona silvestriana
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract 2-Nonanol, 2-heptanol, octyl decanoate, and octyl octanoate were identified from the heads ofTrigona silvestriana workers. When presented at the nest, 2-nonanol, 2-heptanol, and the mixture of the four compounds elicited angular flights, landing, and buzzing of guard bees. Octyl octanoate elicited a weaker response. No response was given to octyl decanoate, to the ether solvent, or to the control volatile, vanillin.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989552
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