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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Levitation apparatus for structural studies of high temperature liquids using synchrotron radiation (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 3512-3518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A new levitation apparatus coupled to a synchrotron-derived x-ray source has been developed to study the structure of liquids at temperatures up to 3000 K. The levitation apparatus employs conical nozzle levitation using aerodynamic forces to stably position solid and liquid specimens at high temperatures. A 270 W CO2 laser was used to heat the specimens to desired temperatures. Two optical pyrometers were used to record the specimen temperature, heating curves, and cooling curves. Three video cameras and a video recorder were employed to obtain and record specimen views in all three dimensions. The levitation assembly was supported on a three-axis translation stage to facilitate precise positioning of the specimen in the synchrotron radiation beam. The levitation system was enclosed in a vacuum chamber with Be windows, connections for vacuum and gas flow, ports for pyrometry, video, and pressure measurements. The vacuum system included automatic pressure control and multi-channel gas flow control. A phosphor screen coupled to a high-resolution video microscope provided images of the x-ray beam and specimen shadow which were used to establish the specimen position. The levitation apparatus was integrated with x-ray diffractometers located at X-6B and X-25 beamlines at the National Synchrotron Light Source. X-ray structural measurements have been obtained on a number of materials including Al2O 3, Ni, Si, Ge, and other metallic and ceramic materials in the liquid state. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148315
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New interpretation of the dominant recombination center in platinum doped silicon (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 1584-1586 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The midgap level in platinum doped n-type silicon, which was proposed to be the dominant recombination center, is identified as a platinum-hydrogen complex. Hydrogenation of the samples is achieved by wet-chemical etching at room temperature. Defect profiles, determined by deep level transient spectroscopy, clearly associate the level with the concentration profile of atomic hydrogen. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.118198
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trivalent behavior of palladium in silicon (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 1379-1381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Palladium is known to exhibit an acceptor state at EC−0.22 eV in n-type Si and a donor state at EV+0.31 eV in p-type Si. We have identified a third level at EV+(0.140±0.005) eV and attribute it to the double donor state of substitutional Pd. The Pd level positions are very similar to the corresponding levels for Pt. The double donor states of both metals show an electric field dependence of the emission rates and a thermal activation of the hole capture cross sections. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119899
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Benzoyl peroxide as a contact allergen in adhesive tape (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 41 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.1999.tb06146.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Internal anal sphincter repair (1997)
    Springer
    International journal of colorectal disease 12 (1997), S. 243-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé. Les résultats de la réparation isolée du sphincter interne ont étéévalués chez cinq patients présentant une incontinence anale persistante après un geste chirurgical ayant lésé le sphincter interne. Tous présentaient une incontinence passive pour les solides et les liquides. Les symptômes, les résultats de la manométrie ano-rectale et de l'échographie endo-anale ont étéévalués avant et après correction chirurgicale. Après l'intervention, trois patients se disent améliorés mais présentent toujours des symptômes persistants; aucun patient n'a retrouvé une continence complète. Trois patients présentent une augmentation de la pression de repos et de la pression de contraction maxi-male mais chez un seul patient, ces valeurs sont dans la limite de la norme. En post-opératoire, l'échographie endo-anale montre une persistance du défect du sphincter interne chez tous les cas et dans deux, cet examen met en évidence une lésion méconnue du sphincter externe. Bien que quelques patients se sentent améliorés, les résultats cliniques manométriques et radiologiques après réparation du sphincter anal interne sont décevants.
    Notes: Abstract. The results of repair to the internal and sphincter alone has been evaluated in five patients with persistent anal incontinence following surgery which affected the internal anal sphincter. All had passive incontinence for solid or liquid stool. Symptoms, anorectal manometry, and anal endosonography were evaluated before and after surgery. After surgery three patients felt improved but had still persistent symptoms, and no patients achieved full continence. Three patients showed an increased maximal and resting pressure, but only one of them was within the normal range. Post operatively, all the anal ultrasound scans showed a persistent internal sphincter defect, and two showed an unsuspected external anal sphincter defect. Although some patients felt symptomatically improved, the overall clinical, manometric and radiological findings after internal and sphincter repair were disappointing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003840050098
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solitary Plasmacytoma of the Pituitary Area (1999)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 141 (1999), S. 219-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050291
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of isoflavones from soy-based fermentations of the erythromycin-producing bacterium Saccharopolyspora erythraea (1997)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 47 (1997), S. 398-404 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A search for an abundant and economical source of isoflavones, particularly genistein, led to the discovery that the erythromycin-producing organism Saccharopolyspora erythraea also produces this promising new cancer-prevention agent. Erythromycin fermentation is a large-scale, soybean-based process used world-wide for the commercial production of this medically important antibiotic. Results from this study indicate that genistin (the glucoside form of genistein), which is added to the fermentation in the soybean media, was converted to genistein through the action of a β-glucosidase produced by the organism. Genistein was co-extracted with erythromycin from the fermentation broth, then separated from erythromycin during the second step of the purification process for the production of erythromycin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530050947
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A phase I study of a HER2/neu bispecific antibody with granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor in patients with metastatic breast cancer that overexpresses HER2/neu (1999)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 48 (1999), S. 9-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A phase I study of escalating doses of humanized bispecific antibody (bsAb) MDX-H210 with granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) was conducted in patients with metastatic breast cancer that overexpressed HER2/neu. The main objectives of the study were to define the maximal tolerated dose (MTD) of MDX-H210 when combined with G-CSF, to measure the pharmacokinetics of MDX-H210 when administered with G-CSF, and to determine the toxicity, biological effects and possible therapeutic effect of MDX-H210 with G-CSF. MDX-H210 is a F(ab)′ × F(ab)′ humanized bispecific murine antibody that binds to both HER2/neu and the FcγR1 receptor (CD64), and was administered intravenously weekly for three doses followed by a 2-week break and then three more weekly doses. A total of 23 patients were treated, and doses were escalated from 1 mg/m2 to 40 mg/m2 with no MTD reached. The toxicity of the bsAb + G-CSF combination was modest, with no dose-limiting toxicity noted: 19 patients had fevers, 7 patients had diarrhea, and 3 patients had allergic reactions that did not limit therapy. The β-elimination half-life varied from 4 h to 8 h at doses up to 20 mg/m2. Significant release of cytokines interleukin-6, G-CSF, and tumor necrosis factor α was observed after administration of bsAb. Circulating monocytes disappeared within 1 h of bsAb infusion, which correlated with binding of bsAb, noted by flow-cytometric analysis. Significant levels of human anti-(bispecific antibody) were measured in the plasma of most patients by the third infusion. No objective clinical responses were seen in this group of heavily pre-treated patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002620050543
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Qualitative und quantitative assessment of myocardial perfusion using magnetic resonance imaging (1997)
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 37 (1997), S. 372-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Key words Magnetic resonance imaging • Myocardial perfusion • Data evaluation ; Schlüsselwörter MR Bildgebung • Myokardperfusion • Datenauswertung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zielsetzung: Ziel der Studie war die Erprobung einer Dreischicht Saturation Recovery Turbo FLASH Sequenz bei der Untersuchung der regionalen Myokardperfusion. Für die Datenauswertung stellen wir qualitative und quantitative Nachverarbeitungsmethoden vor, die wir an Probanden und Patienten testeten. Material und Methode: Wir untersuchten 8 gesunde Probanden und 4 Patienten mit Myokardinfarkten. Parameter der verwendeten Saturation Recovery Turbo FLASH Sequenz waren: TR = 2,5 ms, TE = 1,2 ms und α = 8°. Es wurden drei 10 mm dicke Schichten akquiriert. Zur Datenanalyse berechneten wir pixelweise Signalintensitäts-Zeit Kurven und werteten diese nach der Signalintensitätszunahme über den Ausgangswert und Signalintensitätsanstieg aus. Die Ergebnisse stellten wir farbkodiert dar. Zur quantitativen Datenauswertung nach Indikatorverdünnungstheorie entwickelten wir einen Rückfaltungsalgorithmus, der die arterielle Inputfunktion bei der Berechnung der myokardialen Mean Transit Time (MTT) berücksichtigt. Ergebnisse: Mit Hilfe der farbkodierten Parameterbilder konnten normal perfundierte von hypoperfundierte Myokardarealen gut unterschieden werden. Die mit unseres Algorithmus berechneten MTTs waren kürzer als die mit bisherigen Methoden abgeschätzten. Mit aus der Literatur ermittelten MTT Werten stimmten unsere MTTs besser überein. Infarktareale zeigten verlängerte MTTs. Schlußfolgerung: Eine Saturation Recovery Turbo FLASH Sequenz ist für die Untersuchung der regionalen Myokardperfusion in bis zu drei Schichten geeignet. Farbkodierte Parameterbilder können hypoperfundierte Myokardareale qualitativ darstellen. Für eine Berechnung der myokardialen MTT liefert ein Rückfaltungsalgorithmus verbesserte Abschätzungen der myokardialen MTT.
    Notes: Summary Purpose: Purpose of this study was to test a triple slice saturation recovery turbo FLASH sequence for myocardial perfusion imaging. In addition data-evaluation-tools for qualitative and quantitative perfusion parameters are presented and preliminary tested. Material and Methods: We examined 8 healthy volunteers and 4 patients with myocardial infarction. Parameters of the saturation recovery turbo FLASH sequence were as follows: TR = 2.5 msec, TE = 1.2 msec, α = 8 °, 3 slices, thickness 10 mm. For data analysis signal-intensity time curves were calculated pixel by pixel and evaluated for signal-intensity-increase over baseline and signal-intensity-upslope. Images were displayed color-coded. For quantitative data analysis we used the indicator dilution theory and developed a deconvolution algorithm which takes the arterial input function into account to calculate the myocardial mean transit time (MTT). Results: The color-coded parametermaps showed uniform conditions in normal myocardium of volunteers, but reduced signal-intensity-increase over baseline and signal-intensity-upslope for infarcted areas in patients. The MTTs calculated using our algorithm were significantly shorter than those assessed with previous methods and matched better with values derived from literature. Infarcted areas show prolonged MTTs in comparison to normal myocardium. Conclusion: A triple slice saturation recovery turbo FLASH sequence is suitable for myocardial perfusion imaging. Color-coded parametermaps can visualize hypoperfused areas. For calculating myocardial MTTs using indicator dilution therapy a deconvolution algorithm is necessary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001170050226
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of the Hemaggllutinin Gene of Influenza B Virus was Driven by Both Positive and Negative Selection Pressures (1997)
    Springer
    Virus genes 14 (1997), S. 181-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-994X
    Keywords: influenza B virus ; hemagglutinin ; evolution ; antigenic drift
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Nucleotide sequences of the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of twelve influenza B strains and their deduced amino acid sequences were extracted from the GenBank and compared to those of early isolates. Separate analyses of nonsynonymous and synonymous substitutions for the HA1 and HA2 regions individually indicate that the percentage of nonsynonymous substitutions in the HA1 ranges from 44.4–56.0% but in the HA2 from 0.0–6.5%. The results suggest that positive selection as well as negative selection played a role in the evolution of the influenza B HA gene with the former acting on the HA1 and the latter on the HA2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007927725332
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