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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Sociology 1 (1975), S. 363-428 
    ISSN: 0360-0572
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Sociology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 55 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Haemoglobin release from 40 suspensions of packed red blood cells in modified fluid gelatin, 4% albumin solution, 6% hydroxyethyl starch and normal saline was investigated in vitro during circulation with a roller pump from a heart–lung machine for 120 min at a flow rate of 2.5 l.min−1 at room temperature. The lowest haemoglobin release was obtained with erythrocytes in modified fluid gelatin, whereas free haemoglobin concentrations became progressively higher with albumin, hydroxyethyl starch and normal saline [median free haemoglobin (interquartile range) after 120 min circulation: gelatin 493 (360–601) mg.l−1, albumin 692 (590–1111) mg.l−1, hydroxyethyl starch 1121 (692–1518) mg.l−1, normal saline 1178 (881–1757) mg.l−1, p 〈 0.001]. Modified fluid gelatin appears to have potent erythrocyte protective properties similar to those of albumin. This effect could decrease mechanical haemolysis during extracorporeal circulation or cell saver autotransfusion if modified fluid gelatin is used as part of a priming solution or as an additive in wash solutions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1460-9592
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We investigated haemodynamic, acid–base and electrolyte changes during almost total plasma replacement with hydroxyethyl starch (HES) and physiological balanced electrolyte solution (PBE) by using a cell saver in ten young pigs. In the PBE group an additional 3550 (444) ml crystalloid solution [Mean (SD)] was infused over the course of the study in order to maintain pulmonary capillary wedge pressure. Plasma protein levels decreased in both groups and the colloid osmotic pressure increased in HES and decreased in PBE. At the end of the study, body weight [HES 10.4 (1), PBE 13.1 (1.4) kg, P 〈 0.01] and lactic acid concentration [HES 0.9 (0.3), PBE 2.9 (1.3) mmol.l −1, P 〈 0.01] was higher and tissue oxygen delivery [HES 327 (22), PBE 89 (29) ml.min·m2, P 〈 0.01] was lower in the PBE group. There were only moderate acid–base changes in both groups, but at the end, anion gap was significant lower in HES. In conclusion, maintenance of colloid osmotic pressure close to the physiological range of infants seems to be advantageous during major paediatric surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Capillary leak syndrome Critical illness Sepsis Blood volume determination Bioelectric impedance Osmotic pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective: Capillary leakage syndrome (CLS) is a frequent complication in sepsis, characterized by loss of intravasal fluids leading to generalized edema and hemodynamic instability despite massive fluid therapy. In spite of its importance no standardized diagnostic criteria are available for CLS. Design: Prospective clinical study. Setting: 1800-bed university hospital Patients: Six septic shock patients with CLS were compared to six control patients. Measurements and results: CLS was clinically determined by generalized edema, positive fluid balance, and weight gain. Plasma volume was measured by indocyanine green, red blood cell volume by chromium-51 labeled erythrocytes, and colloid osmotic pressure before and 90 min after the administration of 300 ml 20% albumin. Extracellular water (ECW) was measured using the inulin distribution volume and bioelectrical impedance analysis. Red blood cells averaged 20.2±1.0 ml/kg body weight in CLS patients and 23.3±4.1 in controls. ECW was higher in CLS patients than in controls (40.0±6.9 vs. 21.7±3.7 l; p〈0.05). ECW of inulin was correlated with that measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (r=0.74, p〈0.01). The increase in colloid osmotic pressure over the 90 min was less in CLS patients than in controls (1.1±0.3 vs. 2.8±1.3 mmHg; p〈0.05). Conclusion: These results suggest that measurements of an increased ECW using bioelectrical impedance analysis combined with a different response of colloid osmotic pressure to administration of albumin can discriminate noninvasively between patients with and those without CLS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Apical senescence ; Gibberellins ; Photomorphogenesis ; Pisum ; Senescence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In an early-flowering line of pea (G2) apical senescence occurs only in long days (LD), while growth in short days (SD) is indeterminate. In SD, G2 plants are known to produce a graft-transmissible substance which delays apical senescence in related lines that are photoperiod-insensitive with regard to apical senescence. Gibberellic acid (GA3) applied to the apical bud of G2 plants in LD delayed apical senescence indefinitely, while N6-benzyladenine and α-naphthaleneacetic acid were ineffective. Of the gibberellins native to pea, GA9 had no effect whereas GA20 had a moderate senescence-delaying effect. [3H]GA9 metabolism in intact leaves of G2 plants was inhibited by LD and was restored by placing the plants back in SD. Leaves of photoperiod-insensitive lines (I-types) metabolized GA9 readily regardless of photoperiod, but the metabolites differed qualitatively from those in G2 leaves. A polar GA9 metabolite, GAE, was found only in G2 plants in SD. The level of GA-like substances in methanol extracts from G2 plants dropped about 10-fold after the plants were moved from SD to LD; it was restored by transferring the plants back to SD. A polar zone of these GA-like materials co-chromatographed with GAE. It is suggested that a polar gibberellin is synthesized by G2 plants in SD; this gibberellin promotes shoot growth and meristematic activity in the shoot apex, preventing senescence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Manuelle Medizin 38 (2000), S. 342-345 
    ISSN: 1433-0466
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Kraniomandibularsystem ; Bewegungssystem ; Testverfahren aus manueller Medizin ; Chirotheraphie ; Osteopathie ; Effekte kieferorthopädischer/zahnärztlicher Therapie ; Keywords Craniomandibular system ; Musculoskeletal system ; Testing methods manual medicin ; Chirotherapy ; Osteopathy ; Effects of dental therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The craniomandibular system has an outstanding position within the musculoskeletal system. This is widely accepted by manual medicine, chirotherapy and osteopathy. Craniomandibular dysfunction has dominant effects on the musculoskeletal system (primary lesion). Five testing methods of manual medicine are described for examining this influence rapidly and reproducibly. In the same way, dentists can check to see whether their therapy has any negative influence on the musculoskeletal system with regard dysfunction or a positive influence on regular function.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das kraniomandibuläre System hat innerhalb des muskuloskeletalen Systems eine Sonderstellung. Von der manuellen Medizin, der Chirotherapie und Osteopathie wird das allgemein akzeptiert. Funktionsstörungen aus diesem System wirken sich dominant auf das Bewegungssystem aus (primäre Läsion). Beschrieben werden 5 bewährte Testverfahren aus der manuellen Medizin, die diese Störeinflüsse schnell und exakt reproduzierbar nachweisen. Entsprechend lassen sich kieferorthopädische und zahnärztliche Aufbissbehelfe und Bissnahmen prüfen. Verursachen sie bei den beschriebenen Testverfahren keine pathologischen Ergebnisse, so können sie als funktionsgerecht gelten.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Apical senescence ; Pisum ; Photomorphogenesis ; Grafting ; Growth regulators ; Senescence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Apical senescence in an early flowering line of pea, G2, is greatly delayed by short days. This behavior is controlled by two dominant genes. Apical senescence of ungrafted, insensitive (I) lines is unaffected by photoperiod. When I-type scions with one of the two required genes were grafted onto G2, apical senescence of the I-type was delayed in short days, but not in long days. Flowering of the I-type was unaffected. The apex of the G2 stock was unaffected as well. Apical senescence of an I-type line lacking both photoperiod genes was not delayed when grafted on G2 in short days. It is concluded that G2 plants grown in short days produce a graft-transmissible factor which delays apical senescence of photoperiodically insensitive lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Keywords: hyperfine structure ; $$\user1{g}$$ factor ; barium ; europium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Paul and Penning ion traps have been used to determine hyperfine structure coupling constants as well as nuclear $$\user1{g} $$ factors of Ba+ ions with great precision. Attempts are under way to measure both quantities for a long chain of Eu isotopes in order to determine differential hyperfine anomalies for a better understanding of the Bohr–Weisskopf effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract SHIPTRAP is an ion trap facility which is being set up to deliver very clean and cool beams of singly-charged recoil ions produced at the SHIP velocity filter at GSI Darmstadt. SHIPTRAP consists of a gas cell for stopping and thermalizing high-energy recoil ions from SHIP, a rf ion guide for extraction of the ions from the gas cell, a linear rf trap for accumulation and bunching of the ions, and a Penning trap for isobaric purification. The physics programme of the SHIPTRAP facility comprises mass spectrometry, nuclear spectroscopy, laser spectroscopy and chemistry of transeinsteinium elements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Nature of the Transition Metal Carbon-σ Bond. III. Phenylethinyl Metal Phthalocyanines of the First Transition SeriesAs well as the reaction of the anionic metal phthalocyanines Li2[MPc] ·6 THF (M = Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn) and Li[MnPc]·6 THF with alkyl iodides and experiments of a normal organylation by carbanionic addition with the metal phthalocyanines CrPcCl and MPc (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) are runing by a relative quick electron transfer with no indications for formation of σ-organyl derivatives of the corresponding metal phthalocyanines.But with lithium or sodium phenylacetylide, respectively, the following phenylethinyl complexes could be prepared, whose mode of formation and constitution are discussed including some iron complexes already described in other connection: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \begin{array}{*{20}c} {{\rm Li}\left[{\left({{\rm C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} } \right)_2 {\rm M}^{{\rm III}} {\rm Pc}} \right] \cdot {\rm xTHF}\left({{\rm M} = {\rm Cr,Co}} \right),} \hfill \\ {{\rm Li}\left[{{\rm C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} {\rm M}^{{\rm II}} {\rm Pc}} \right] \cdot 4,5{\rm THF,C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} {\rm Co}^{{\rm III}} {\rm Pc} \cdot {\rm 0,5THF,}} \hfill \\ {{\rm Li}_{\rm 2} \left[{{\rm C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} {\rm Co}^{{\rm II}} {\rm Pc}} \right]_2 \cdot 8{\rm THF,Na}\left[{{\rm C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} {\rm ZnPc}} \right] \cdot 5{\rm THF}} \hfill \\\end{array} $$\end{document}.
    Notes: Sowohl die Umsetzung der anionischen Metallphthalocyanine Li2[MPc] · 6 THF (M = Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn) und Li[MnPc] · 6 THF mit Alkyljodiden als auch Versuche einer normalen Organylierung durch Carbanionen-Addition mit den Metallphthalocyaninen CrPcCl und MPc (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) verliefen unter einer relativ schnellen Elektronenübertragung ohne Anzeichen einer Bildung von σ-Organylderivaten der entsprechenden Metallphthalocyanine.Dagegen konnten mit Lithium- bzw. Natriumphenylacetylid die folgenden Phenyläthinyl-Komplexe dargestellt werden, deren Bildungsweise und Konstitution unter Einbeziehung einiger bereits in anderem Zusammenhang beschriebener Eisen-Komplexe zusammenfassend diskutiert wird: \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ \begin{array}{*{20}c} {{\rm Li}\left[{\left({{\rm C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} } \right)_2 {\rm M}^{{\rm III}} {\rm Pc}} \right] \cdot {\rm xTHF}\left({{\rm M} = {\rm Cr,Co}} \right),} \hfill \\ {{\rm Li}\left[{{\rm C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} {\rm M}^{{\rm II}} {\rm Pc}} \right] \cdot 4,5{\rm THF,C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} {\rm Co}^{{\rm III}} {\rm Pc} \cdot {\rm 0,5THF,}} \hfill \\ {{\rm Li}_{\rm 2} \left[{{\rm C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} {\rm Co}^{{\rm II}} {\rm Pc}} \right]_2 \cdot 8{\rm THF,Na}\left[{{\rm C}_{\rm 6} {\rm H}_{\rm 5} {\rm C}_{\rm 2} {\rm ZnPc}} \right] \cdot 5{\rm THF}{\rm .}} \hfill \\\end{array} $$\end{document}
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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