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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shape Memory Behavior of an Fe-Mn-Si SMA Spring (2000)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 327-328 (Jan. 2000), p. 239-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/04/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.327-328.239.pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Retina accumulates more glucose than does the embryologically similar cerebral cortex in diabetic rats (2000)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 43 (2000), S. 1417-1423 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Diabetic retinopathy, hyperglycaemia, Amadori product, glucose transporter, brain, retina.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Aims/hypothesis. The retina is embryologically similar to cerebral cortex and the tissues of both are exposed to similar blood glucose concentrations. Nevertheless, in diabetes the retina develops metabolic abnormalities and microvascular lesions from which cerebrum seems relatively protected. We directly compared glucose concentrations and expression of GLUT-1 (the major carrier transporting glucose from blood into the neural retina and cerebrum) in the two tissues from normal and diabetic rats.¶Methods. Tissue and intracellular glucose were measured using two methods: direct assay of glucose and assay of Amadori products on intracellular proteins. The expression of GLUT-1 was measured using western blots in tissue and in the isolated endothelial luminal membrane of the two vascular beds.¶Results. Both methods assessing intracellular glucose indicate that intracellular concentrations of glucose in diabetes increased significantly in the retina but not in cerebral cortex. Concentrations of free glucose and Amadori product in retinas of diabetic animals were increased above normal by 334 % and 122 %, respectively, whereas there was no statistically significant increase in either parameter in the cerebral cortex of diabetic animals. In contrast to the observed increase in glucose in the retina in diabetes, expression of GLUT-1 on the luminal plasmalemma of the retinal vascular endothelium and in homogenates of whole retina decreased to a statistically significant extent (55 % and 36 %, respectively compared to normal). In the luminal cell membrane of the cerebral vasculature, diabetes did not decrease expression of GLUT-1 but tended to increase it slightly.¶Conclusions/interpretation. Even among tissues that do not require insulin for glucose uptake, tissue glucose concentration varies in diabetes. The greater increase in glucose concentration in retina than in cerebrum in diabetes probably contributes to the tissue differences in biochemical and histopathologic sequelae of the disease. The expression of GLUT-1 in the microvasculature is unlikely to account for the differences in tissue glucose between retina and cerebrum. [Diabetologia (2000) 43: 1417–1423]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001250051548
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbiological Validation of Microwave-Circulated Water Combination Heating Technology by Inoculated Pack Studies (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 68 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A 915-MHz Microwave-Circulated Water Combination (MCWC) heating technology was validated for a macaroni and cheese product using inoculated pack studies. Before the tests, heat resistances of a Clostridium sporogenes (PA 3679) spore crop were determined in neutral phosphate buffer and macaroni and cheese product. Trays of macaroni and cheese products were subjected to 3 processing levels: target process (F0= 2.4), under target process (F0= 1.2), and over target process (F0= 4.8). The inoculated packs were evaluated by count-reduction method and end-point method. The microbial results showed that microbial destruction resulting from MCWC heating technology matched the calculated degree of sterilization (F0 value). This study suggests that the MCWC heating technology has potential in sterilizing packaged foods.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb09661.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quality Retention in Strawberry and Carrot Purees Dried with Refractance WindowTM System (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 67 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : The quality retention characteristics of strawberry and carrot purees dried using the Refractance WindowTM (RW) drying method were evaluated against freeze drying, drum drying, and spray drying methods. Ascorbic acid retention of the strawberry purees (94.0%) after RW drying was comparable to 93.6% in freeze-drying. The carotene losses for RW drying were 8.7% (total carotene), 7.4% (α-carotene), and 9.9% (β-carotene), which were comparable to losses of 4.0% (total carotene), 2.4% (α-carotene), and 5.4% (β-carotene) for freeze-dried carrot purees. The color of the RW-dried carrot purees was comparable to fresh puree. For RW-dried strawberry purees, the color retention was comparable to freeze-dried products. RW drying altered the overall perception of aroma in strawberries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2002.tb09452.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relaxation Time Spectrum of Hydrogels by CONTIN Analysis (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 65 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: CONTIN is a general-purpose program for inverting noisy linear algebraic and integral equations by means of inverse Laplace transform. This study explored the application of CONTIN analysis to determine the relaxation time distribution spectra for food gels, including gellan, carrageenan, whey protein, and gelatin gels, based on stress-relaxation data. CONTIN results represent the continuous relaxation time spectra when the number of the terms in the discrete Maxwell stress-relaxation model approached infinity. The CONTIN results for gellan gels were correlated to the texture properties of gels from compression tests with respect to the effects of calcium concentrations. CONTIN analysis may be a very effective tool in elucidating the microstructural properties of a hydrogel from mechanical testing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2000.tb16010.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ENERGY UTILIZATION AND MICROBIAL REDUCTION IN A NEW FILM DRYING SYSTEM (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food processing and preservation 27 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4549
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experiments were conducted with pureed pumpkin to evaluate energy efficiency and microbial reduction effect of a new thin-film Refractance WindowTM (RW) drying method. The RW drying system was designed based on a novel concept that uses hot water circulating beneath and in contact with a transparent plastic conveyor belt on which a thin film of puree is dried. In the energy study, water temperature, water circulation velocity, puree temperature, and puree moisture content were determined. In both pilot and commercial scale RW dryers with circulating water at 95C, drying of pumpkin puree from 80% to 5% moisture content (wb) was achieved in less than 5 min. The Refractance WindowTM dryer demonstrated 52% to 70% energy efficiency. The pilot scale unit was used to evaluate the effect of RW drying on microbial reduction. At a circulating water temperature of 95C, RW drying of inoculated pumpkin purees resulted in at least 4.6, 6.1, 6.0, and 5.5 log reductions of total aerobic plate counts (APC), coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Listeria innocua, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4549.2003.tb00506.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sterilization of Foodstuffs Using Radio Frequency Heating (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 68 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : A study was conducted with a pilot-scale sterilization system based on 27-MHz radio frequency (RF) energy to investigate the effectiveness in shortening process time and in improving quality for foods sealed in 6-pound military-ration polymeric trays. Chemical marker M-1 was used to evaluate heating uniformity in 20% whey protein gels as a model food, and macaroni and cheese was processed to assess the influence of RF process on product quality. With the RF system, a lethality (F0= 10 min) was achieved in both model food and macaroni and cheese within 30 min with relative uniform heating, compared to a 90 min conventional retort process that delivered a similar lethality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2003.tb05708.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of a novel Bioglass® dentifrice on dentine sensitivity: a scanning electron microscopy investigation (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 29 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Dentine sensitivity (DS) is a common condition which affects 8–35% of the population. Both In-Office and Over-the-Counter products have been used in treatment, usually occluding open dentine tubules on the exposed root surface. Currently there appears to be no ideal material which permanently occludes dentine tubules. Bioactive and biocompatible glasses are known to induce osteogenesis in physiological systems and may offer suitable materials for surface reactivity which could theoretically occlude tubules. A new dentifrice formulation containing a modified Bioglass® material replacing part of the abrasive silica component was compared with original 45S6 bioactive glass. Dentine discs were treated with original Bioglass®, three coded dentifrices containing 0, 2·5 and 7·5% Bioglass® and two further selected dentifrice products. These specimens were prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and viewed in a Cambridge stereoscan 90B. The results demonstrated that original bioactive glass particles covered the dentine surface and/or occluded dentine tubules, although this original formulation was easily dislodged. Dentifrice with different ratios of added Bioglass® was assessed to provide greater surface coverage and tubule occlusion than without Bioglass®. It was concluded that the inclusion of bioactive glass particles in a suitably formulated vehicle may be an effective agent for the treatment of dentine sensitivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.2002.00824.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of oxalate-containing products on the exposed dentine surface: an SEM investigation (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 28 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In-office products containing oxalates have been claimed to be clinically effective in reducing dentine sensitivity, although there has been limited supporting clinical data. The rationale for their use appears to be based on their potential to act as occluding and/or nerve desensitizing agents. Four commercially available oxalate-containing products were applied to etched dentine discs and the extent of tubule occlusion was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Tenure Quick (aluminium oxalate), Sensodyne Sealant (ferric oxalate) and MS Coat (oxalic acid) covered the dentine surface and occluded the tubules. However, Butler Protect (potassium oxalate) did not cover the surface to any great extent but provided some occlusion. The presence of oxalates after application to glass slides and dentine discs was examined using thin film X-ray diffraction. From samples on glass, only potassium oxalate could be clearly identified (JCPDS 14-0845). No oxalate was detected on dentine discs in either thin film geometry or standard theta two theta mode. We have demonstrated that professionally applied in-office products containing oxalate are capable of covering the dentine surface and/or occluding the tubules to varying degrees. However, X-ray diffraction analysis was unable to confirm the oxalate profile for all products as described in the available commercial literature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2001.00775.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of genetic background on the target fatty acids of acyl-ACP thioesterase transgenes in Brassica napus (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) thioesterase (TE) is involved in the biosynthetic fatty acid pathway of plants. Conventional canola lines transformed individually with the bay-TE (Uc FatB1), elm-TE (Ua FatB1), nutmeg-TE (Mf FatB1) or Cuphea-TE transgene (Ch FatB1), produce seed oil with modified fatty acid compositions. This study assessed the effects of genetic background, cytoplasm, maternal parent, and interaction of different TE transgenes, on the target fatty acids using F1 seeds and double haploid (DH) lines. The F1 seeds were produced by crossing four TE transgenic parental lines and three non-transgenic cultivars with distinct fatty acid compositions. The DH lines were developed from microspores of F1 plants. DH lines from different crosses showed that genetic background does not have an effect on the relative levels of the target fatty acids of the same TE, indicating the stability of the substrate specificity of the TE within canola. However, significant effects of genetic background on the content of the major target fatty acids, lauric acid (C12:0) or palmitic acid (C16:0) depending on the TE, were observed. Expression of the TE in low erucic acid (C22:1) genotypes resulted in higher target fatty acid levels than expression in high C22:1 genotypes. Reciprocal crosses showed maternal effects, but not cytoplasmic effects. In addition, co-expression of two different TE transgenes in the same seeds was observed. These results indicate the importance of selection for appropriate genetic backgrounds in order to maximize the expression of the target fatty acids of TE transgenes, and also indicate potential uses of TE co-expression in modifying canola seed oil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.00961.x
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