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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance of the NANOGUN™ electron cyclotron resonance ion source applied for nuclear astrophysics : The 8th international conference on ion sources (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 1075-1078 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A compact low-energy, high current accelerator has been constructed for the study of fusion reactions relevant to the field of nuclear astrophysics. It consists of a modified NANOGUN™, a low-energy beam transport, a windowless gas target, a beam calorimeter, and a detector system. The accelerator and the NANOGUN ion source with a single extraction electrode provides 930 μA 3He1+ of 20 keV at a gas target chamber. A two-electrode extraction has been tested for a few source voltages. The obtained target current is 75, 140, 110, 110, 105, 78, and 80 μA for 20, 25, 30, 35, 38, 40, and 45 kV potential, respectively. The transport efficiency from the source to the target is 5.7%. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1150389
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selective adsorption and patterning of Si nanoparticles fabricated by laser ablation on functionalized self-assembled monolayer (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 692-694 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We demonstrate an in situ selective adsorption of Si nanoparticles fabricated by laser ablation on a functionalized self-assembled monolayer (SAM). Si nanoparticles adsorbed on –CH3 terminated a SAM while Si particles did not adsorb on –NH2, –F, –OH, and –COOH, terminated SAMs. The end group of a SAM solely determines the selectivity against Si nanoparticle adsorption. We utilized the screening ability of functionalized SAMs to pattern Si nanoparticles onto desired locations on a Si substrate. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1388025
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Versatile beam calorimeter with a heat flux sensor (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 2957-2960 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A versatile calorimeter has been developed to study astrophysical S factors for fusion reactions with gaseous targets. The number of incident projectiles are deduced from the deposited power. The principal technique employed here is based on the heat flux sensor output transferred linearly from the heat flow. Absolute values at various energies are obtained by calibration with current measurements by using a Faraday cup. This calorimeter is presently applied in measurement of the solar 3He+3He fusion reaction with an accuracy better than 2%. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1373671
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental changes of the vasculature in the periodontal ligament of rat molars: a scanning electron microscopic study of microcorrosion casts (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of periodontal research 35 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Vascularization of the periodontal ligament was examined in developing upper first molars of rats from 5 to 30 d after birth with light and scanning electron microscopy. Formation of the vascular network in the periodontal ligament (PDL) started with the beginning of root formation. The PDL vessels derived from the basal region of the tooth germ ran parallel to the long axis of the root and connected with the vascular network of the enamel organ at the cervical end. The boundary of these 2 networks was initially indistinct but became clearer with the progress of root formation. The PDL vessels further elongated longitudinally and connected with each other by lateral branches to form a coarse mesh. Other vessels derived from the alveolar bone via Volkman's canals also contributed to the vascular construction of the PDL. The vessels from the alveolar bone provided branches to the existing mesh of the PDL. Consequently, the vascular network of the PDL consisted of vessels from 2 sources: 1 derived from the basal region of the tooth germ, and the other from the alveolar bone. The density of the vascular network reduced with the progress of root formation, especially at the middle part of the root, but the mesh at the apical region maintained a basket-like structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0765.2000.035004201.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A mouse model of the atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome by repeated application of a crude extract of house-dust mite Dermatophagoides farinae (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 58 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: We cultured Dermatophagoides farinae (Df), one of the most common mites in house dust and the most important allergen among natural allergens. With this material, we attempted to produce an animal model of the atopic eczema/dermatitis syndrome (AEDS).Methods: We cultured Df mites in high density and prepared a crude extract of Df (DfE) together with the culture medium. We applied the extract to the back skin of NC/Nga and BALB/c mice three times per week for 8 weeks.Results: In the NC/Nga group, dryness or scaling appeared on the skin, and scratching behavior increased at the second week in the DfE-treated group. Skin erosion and hemorrhage occurred at the fourth week. The epidermis thickened and deepened into the upper dermis, in which mast cells were highly accumulated, corresponding with the skin lesion of AEDS patients. Specific IgE and IgG to DfE and total IgE were elevated in the sera. Mice treated with an extract of mite culture medium did not develop skin lesions. In the BALB/c group, mice developed specific IgE and IgG to DfE, however, no typical skin lesions appeared. Mast cells in the upper dermis did not increase.Conclusions: Repeated painting of Dermatophagoides extract produced IgE-associated AEDS-like lesions on the skin of NC mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2003.23790.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-cycle rotating bending fatigue property in very long-life regime of high-strength steels (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 25 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In order to investigate the fatigue properties of high-strength steels in the very long-life regime up to over 109 cycles, cantilever-type rotating bending fatigue tests were carried out for two kinds of high-strength steels, SUJ2 and SNCM439, which were machined by grinding and finished by electropolishing after grinding. And also, the residual stress on the specimen surface of the ground specimen was examined by X-ray diffractometer in order to investigate effects of the residual stress on the fatigue properties. From the investigations, the S–N curves clearly have a tendency to decrease again in the longer-life range over 107 cycles for both types of specimen and for both steels. From observations of fracture surfaces, it was found that fatigue crack origins could be grouped into two types: (i) ‘surface crack origin type’ in the shorter-life regime and (ii) ‘internal crack origin type’ in the longer-life regime.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-2695.2002.00575.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional magnetic resonance imaging of human jaw movements (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 30 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary  This study used functional magnetic resonance images (fMRI) to examine brain activity during clenching, gum chewing, and tapping tasks. It has been considered difficult to obtain sufficient fMRI data during jaw movement because the head motion associated with the jaw movements creates artifacts on the images. To avoid these artifacts, larger pixels were used, thus allowing some head motion of the subjects, and data from subjects where the heads were evaluated to have moved more than 0·5 mm were discarded. Further, all pixels obtained by fMRI were evaluated and pixels positively synchronized with the task, which were considered to show brain activity, were selected. Sufficient fMRI data was obtained from 30 experiments, 10 sets for each task. During the clenching and tapping tasks, the activated pixels were in the sensory, motor and pre-motor cortexes, and in the sensory and motor cortexes but not in the pre-motor cortex during the gum chewing task. There appears to be no significant differences between right- and left-hemispheres. It is conceivable that there are differences between voluntary jaw movements (clenching and tapping tasks) and mastication (gum chewing task) concerning the control of jaw movements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.2003.01054.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of brain activity during clenching by fMRI (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 29 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: It has been considered difficult to obtain satisfactory functional magnetic resonance images (fMRI) during jaw movements because the head motion during jaw movements makes artefacts on the images. To avoid these artefacts, we chose clenching task and larger pixels to allow some head motion of the subjects. Further the study discarded all data from subjects whom the head was evaluated to move more than 0·3 mm. The study examined 10 healthy right-handed volunteers with echo-planar magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and functional MR signal intensity changes could be obtained in all subjects. However, in the analysis of each pixel of individuals, three different types of pixels were established. It was determined that the pixels that synchronized positively with the task on/off and where signal intensity increase was below 10% expressed the real brain activity. Pixels showing the real brain activity were found in the sensory, motor and pre-motor cortexes in both hemispheres in all subjects, and also in the insula region of two subjects. No pixels were found in the striatum and supplementary motor areas. From the above careful consideration and individual analysis of each pixel, it was concluded that brain activity during the clenching task could be obtained by fMRI.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2842.2002.00880.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of phosphocreatine concentration in the human masseter and medial pterygoid muscles by 31P-CSI (2001)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 28 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The aim of this study is to compare phosphocreatine (PCr) concentrations of human masseter and medial pterygoid muscles by a recently developed localized magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) method, chemical shift imaging (CSI). The characteristic spectra of phosphorous metabolites including PCr and β-ATP from the superficial part of the masseter (SM) and the deep part of the masseter (DM) and the medial pterygoid muscles (MPt) from 11 volunteers, 20–27-year-old were obtained. The study clearly demonstrated higher PCr/β-ATP in the SM and MPt than in the DM both in mean values (P 〈 0·01) and in individual subjects. The results indicate that SM and MPt are power producers. There were no significant differences in the mean values of the PCr/β-ATP ratios in SM and MPt, however, the PCr/β-ATP ratios varied individually and the subjects could be divided into three distinct groups: values of MPt higher than SM (group A, 4 subjects); values of MPt almost equal to SM (group B, 3 subjects); and values of MPt lower than SM (group C, 4 subjects). There appears to be a close relationship between the PCr content as determined in the groups here and occlusal guidance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2001.00777.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rapid healing of intractable diabetic foot ulcers with exposed bones following a novel therapy of exposing bone marrow cells and then grafting epidermal sheets (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 151 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  Diabetic foot ulcers with exposed bones commonly result in amputation.Objectives  To determine whether exposure of bone marrow cells and subsequent grafting of epidermal sheets accelerates healing and reduces the need for amputation.Methods  Thirty-eight patients with chronic wounds caused by diabetes mellitus were enrolled in this study. Epidermal sheets obtained from suction blisters of each patient were grafted on to diabetic foot ulcers without exposed bones (n = 10) and were compared with the standard treatment of local wound care, debridement with a scalpel when indicated, bed rest and parenteral antibiotics (n = 8). In another group of patients, diabetic wounds with exposed bones were treated either with the standard procedure (n = 9) or with a newly developed experimental procedure (n = 11). In that new procedure, the affected bone was initially exposed by debridement with a scalpel, followed by partial excision with a bone scraper until fresh bleeding was observed from the exposed bone. The lesions were then immediately covered with an occlusive dressing, and finally the wound was covered with an epidermal graft of skin harvested from suction blisters. Patients in each group were matched with their counterparts by age, sex, wound size, wound infection and wound duration, to compare the time needed for total skin repair and rates of amputation.Results  Epidermal grafting significantly accelerated the healing of diabetic foot ulcers (P = 0·042) without exposed bones, with site-specific differentiation. The newly developed combination therapy resulted in the healing of all diabetic ulcers with exposed bones without the occurrence of osteomyelitis or the necessity for amputation (P 〈 0·0001).Conclusions  Our study indicates that early aggressive debridement of diabetic foot ulcers with exposed bones down to a bleeding vascularized base and then grafting epidermal sheets significantly improves healing and reduces the rate of amputation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06170.x
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