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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of Computer-assisted Morphometry to the Analysis of Prenatal Development of Human Lung (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 26 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Morphometry is well-established in tumour pathology. To evaluate its potential usefulness for description of developmental processes, histological slides from paraffin-embedded specimens of 67 human fetal lungs were Feulgen-stained, and morphometric characteristics of nuclei of epithelial pulmonary cells were analysed with an automated image analysis system. The measured cytometric features comprised of integrated optical density (IOD), S-phase-related IOD fraction, IOD entropy and nuclear area. Histometric features of the specimens were based upon the minimum spanning tree (MST) and included distances between neighboring epithelial cells, between epithelial cells and neighboring lymphocytes, and assessment of MST entropy. Notably, certain parameters revealed a non-uniform level during prenatal development. S-phase-related IOD fraction increased from 5% to 8% between 14 and 16 weeks of gestation, then declined to 6% until birth. The IOD entropy steadily increased during development, whereas the extent of nuclear area remained constant. In accordance with an increase of the S-phase-related fraction the MST entropy displayed a singular peak between 14 and 16 weeks of gestation, which is probably associated with development of glandular structures in the lung. Correlation of expression of binding sites for markers, presumably involved in functional aspects of development, with such alterations, is shown for binding capacities of biotinylated fucoidan and the S-phase-related fraction. This may be helpful to infer immunoor ligando histochemically defined tissue sites with potential physiological significance in morphometrically distinguished periods of development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0264.1997.tb00113.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical localization of cytochrome P450 2E1 in human pulmonary carcinoma and normal bronchial tissue (1995)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 426 (1995), S. 243-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: CYP2E1 ; Immunohistochemistry ; Pulmonary carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is a major xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme but data concerning its extrahepatic expression are few. CYP2E1 can metabolically activate many procarcinogens and therefore its presence in the lung might play a role in bioactivation of procarcinogens, so we studied the expression and localization of CYP2E1 in primary pulmonary carcinomas and surrounding normal bronchial tissue from 28 patients. Seromucous glands showed expression of CYP2E1 in 19 and bronchial epithelium in 18 of the 28 samples of normal bronchial tissue. Thirteen of the corresponding cases of primary pulmonary carcinoma showed staining for CYP2E1. In 11 of these 13 cases, CYP2E1 was also present in normal bronchial tissue. There was no statistically significant difference in the expression of CYP2E1 between adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas. No association was observed between the expression of CYP2E1 in tumour tissue and normal bronchial tissue. However, there was a significant correlation between the expression of CYP2E1 in seromucous glands and bronchial epithelium (r=0.61, P〈0.01) of normal tissue. We conclude that CYP2E1 can be present in both normal and neoplastic bronchial tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00191361
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical localization of cytochrome P450 3A in human pulmonary carcinomas and normal bronchial tissue (1995)
    Springer
    Histochemistry and cell biology 103 (1995), S. 25-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-119X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes metabolize drugs and other xenobiotics in liver and also in some extrahepatic tissues. We have studied the expression and localization of CYP3A in primary lung tumours and normal lung tissue from the same patients. Thirtytwo patients undergoing partial or total lung resection for therapy of primary pulmonary carcinoma were included in this study. Immunohistochemical staining for CYP3A was performed with a modification of the ABC technique. Eight of the 32 cases of primary pulmonary carcinoma showed expression of CYP3A. In 12 of the 32 cases of normal tissue, the seromucous glands were positive for CYP3A. The bronchial epithelium was positive for CYP3A in 11 cases. We observed no correlation between CYP3A expression in tumour tissue and that in seromucous glands or bronchial epithelium. We conclude that CYP3A is present in both normal and cancerous lung tissue. Our findings suggest, however, no co-expression of CYP3A in lung cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01464472
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theobroma cacao L.: a genetic linkage map and quantitative trait loci analysis (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 205-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Heterozygosity ; Molecular markers ; Genetic map ; Quantitative trait loci ; Theobroma cacao
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A genetic linkage map of Theobroma cacao (cocoa) has been constructed from 131 backcross trees derived from a cross between a single tree of the variety Catongo and an F1 tree from the cross of Catongo by Pound 12. The map comprises 138 markers: 104 RAPD loci, 32 RFLP loci and two morphologic loci. Ten linkage groups were found which cover 1068 centimorgans (cM). Only six (4%) molecular-marker loci show a significant deviation from the expected 1∶1 segregation ratio.The average distance between two adjacent markers is 8.3 cM. The final genome-size estimates based on two-point linkage data ranged from 1078 to 1112 cM for the cocoa genome. This backcross progeny segregates for two apparently single gene loci controlling (1) anthocyanidin synthesis (Anth) in seeds, leaves and flowers and (2) self-compatibility (Autoc). The Anth locus was found to be 25 cM from Autoc and two molecular markers co-segregate with Anth. The genetic linkage map was used to localize QTLs for early flowering, trunk diameter, jorquette height and ovule number in the BC1 generation using both single-point ANOVA and interval mapping. A minimum number of 2–4 QTLs (P〈0.01) involved in the genetic expression of the traits studied was detected. Coincident map locations of a QTL for jorquette height and trunk diameter suggests the possibility of pleiotropic effects in cocoa for these traits. The combined estimated effects of the different mapped QTLs explained between 11.2% and 25.8% of the phenotypic variance observed in the BC1 population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225747
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theobroma cacao L.: a genetic linkage map and quantitative trait loci analysis (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 93 (1996), S. 205-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Heterozygosity ; Molecular markers ; Genetic map ; Quantitative trait loci ; Theobroma cacao
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A genetic linkage map of Theobroma cacao (cocoa) has been constructed from 131 backcross trees derived from a cross between a single tree of the variety Catongo and an F1 tree from the cross of Catongo by Pound 12. The map comprises 138 markers: 104 RAPD loci, 32 RFLP loci and two morphologic loci. Ten linkage groups were found which cover 1068 centimorgans (cM). Only six (4%) molecular-marker loci show a significant deviation from the expected 1:1 segregation ratio.The average distance between two adjacent markers is 8.3 cM. The final genome-size estimates based on two-point linkage data ranged from 1078 to 1112 cM for the cocoa genome. This backcross progeny segregates for two apparently single gene loci controlling (1) anthocyanidin synthesis (Anth) in seeds, leaves and flowers and (2) self-compatibility (Autoc). The Anth locus was found to be 25 cM from Autoc and two molecular markers co-segregate with Anth. The genetic linkage map was used to localize QTLs for early flowering, trunk diameter, jorquette height and ovule number in the BC1 generation using both single-point ANOVA and interval mapping. A minimum number of 2–4 QTLs (P〈0.01) involved in the genetic expression of the traits studied was detected. Coincident map locations of a QTL for jorquette height and trunk diameter suggests the possibility of pleiotropic effects in cocoa for these traits. The combined estimated effects of the different mapped QTLs explained between 11.2% and 25.8% of the phenotypic variance observed in the BC1 population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050267
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of synovial cytokine patterns in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (1997)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 16 (1997), S. 191-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Rheumatoid arthritis ; Cytokine ; Competitive RT-PCR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To compare the cytokine profile with the degree and composition of cellular infiltration in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA) synovium, synovial membranes from patients with RA (n=14) and OA (n=5) were examined, employing immunohistochemistry and competitive reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR), for interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, and IL-10, and tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) gene expression. It was found that the strength of cytokine gene expression within the synovial membranes of patients with RA was not significantly correlated with the degree of synovial infiltration of T-cells, B-cells, or macrophages. No IL-2, IL-4, or IL-5 RNA was detected in the synovium of either RA or OA. Quantitative cytokine determination showed a similar pattern in RA and OA, although the two diseases differed in total synovial infiltration and the composition of infiltrating cellular elements. Thus the number of cell types known to produce certain cytokines does not appear to determine the strength of synovial cytokine expression measured by quantitative RT-PCR. Furthermore, the pattern of T-cell specific cytokines found in RA synovium does not accord with the concept of the TH0, TH1, and TH2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01330295
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inadequate response to H2-receptor antagonists (1995)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 40 (1995), S. 2678-2683 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: peptic ulcer ; H2-receptor antagonists ; cAMP ; autoantibodies ; gastric cell lines ; parietal cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In peptic ulcer patients with adequate (AR;N=16) and inadequate response (IR;N=20) to H2-receptor antagonists, the presence of parietal cell cAMP-stimulating autoantibodies was studied. Serum Ig fractions from these patients and 10 control subjects were examined to test whether they could stimulate cAMP production in a gastric cell line model. The human cell line HGT-1 was found to be a sensitivein vitro model for the cAMP stimulation assay as histamine (10 μM) increased by 11-fold the production of cAMP. Neither IgG (4 mg/ml) nor IgG-free Ig fractions (1 mg/ml) isolated from the blood of AR or IR affected cAMP production in the HGT-1 cells. The results obtained with the cAMP stimulation assay were confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence measurements based on frozen sections of rat stomach and kidney. No specific staining of rat parietal cells could be observed with patient sera. In addition, human gastric biopsies of the oxyntic mucosa from the same patients were studied for immunoreactive cell populations to assess organ-specific autoimmune processes. Biopsy specimens from AR and IR showed increased lymphocytic infiltrates, usually associated with gastritis. However, no significant differences in location of various cell populations between AR and IR could be observed. Our findings do not support a recent hypothesis that poor response to treatment with H2-receptor antagonists is due to the presence of autoantibodies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02220460
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Chronic Alcohol Abuse on Duodenal Mononuclear Cells in Man (1999)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 44 (1999), S. 691-696 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Keywords: ALCOHOL ; ALCOHOL ABUSE ; DUODENUM ; LYMPHOCYTES ; SECRETORY IgA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate whetherchronic alcohol abuse alters the number and distributionof mononuclear cells of the duodenal mucosa. The numberof common leukocyte antigen (CLA)-positive interepithelial lymphocytes (IEL), Blymphocytes (BL), IgAproducing plasma cells (IgA-PC),and macrophages (MP) was quantitatively evaluated inbiopsies of the duodenal mucosa of patients with alcoholabuse compared to subjects without alcohol abuse.Biopsies from the descending part of the duodenum wereobtained by endoscopy from two groups of patients withchronic alcohol abuse (group A1, abstinence 〈5 days, N = 21) and group A2 abstaining 5-10 days(N = 6). Twenty-five subjects without alcohol abuseserved as controls (C). Immunohistochemical staining wasdone by avidinbiotin- complex method. In addition, the content of IgA in the plasma cells wasdetermined by using a TV-densitometric method. Thenumber of B-lymphocytes in the lamina propria wasincreased by 37% in group A1 (P 〈 0.005). A distinctdecrease was observed in group A1 compared to C in thenumber of IEL that were CLA positive (–50%, P 〈0.025) and in the number of macrophages (–54%, P〈 0.025). In group A2 the differences in the number of B lymphocytes and macrophages were no longerseen. In A1, there was no significant change in thenumber of IgA-producing plasma cells or in the number ofinterepithelial lymphocytes counted after H&E staining compared to the controls. There was nodifference in content of IgA in the IgA-producing plasmacells. From these results it is concluded that chronicalcohol abuse significantly influences the gut-associated immune system, possibly byincreasing the permeability of the gut mucosa tomacromolecules that act as antigens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026697305769
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pheromones in marine algae: A technical approach (1995)
    Springer
    Helgoland marine research 49 (1995), S. 797-804 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract It is now well known that many marine organisms use low-molecular volatile substances as signals, in order to coordinate activities between different individuals. The study of such pheromones requires the isolation and enrichment of the secretions from undisturbed living cells or organisms over extended periods of time. The Grob-Hersch extraction device, which we describe here, avoids adverse factors for the biological materials such as strong water currents, rising gas bubbles or chemical solvents. Furthermore, the formation of sea-water spray is greatly reduced. The application of this technique for the isolation of pheromones of marine algae and animals is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02368402
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative photometrical assessment of iron deposits in synovial membranes in different joint diseases (1996)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 15 (1996), S. 211-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Iron deposits ; Rheumatoid arthritis ; Osteoarthritis ; Synovitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated 86 synovial membranes from patients suffering either from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or osteoarthritis (OA). Iron deposits in the synovial membrane were stained by the Prussian blue reaction, and the amount of stained iron was quantitatively assessed by microscope photometry. We found a statistically significant increase in iron deposits in the synovial membrane of RA patients when compared to OA patients. The amount of iron deposits correlated with the histological subtype of synovitis, those presenting with more exudative and proliferative features showing greater amounts of iron deposits. We also observed an inverse correlation between the haemoglobin concentration and erythrocytes in the serum and the amount of iron in the synovial membrane. From our data we concluded that iron deposits in the synovial membrane can contribute by several mechanisms, including activation of oxygen radicals, to the chronic inflammatory reaction in RA synovitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00290523
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