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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Octreotide treatment in patients with necrotizing pancreatitis and pulmonary failure (1996)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 22 (1996), S. 909-915 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Acute pancreatitis ; Necrotizing pancreatitis ; Octreotide ; Treatment ; Systemic complications ; SIRS ; ARDS ; Circulatory shock
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective To determine the efficiency of intravenous infusion of octreotide in the treatment of patients with severe pancreatitis and pulmonary failure. Design Prospective, case-control study. Setting Intensive care unit of a university hospital. Patients Treatment group: 39 patients with necrotizing pancreatitis were selected for the study. In all, pulmonary failure developed under conservative treatment and surgical intervention had been necessary because of local (abscess, necrosis) or systemic (systemic inflammatory response syndrome) complications. The outcome was prospectively followed up until death or discharge from the hospital. Control group: 54 case-control matched patients with acute necrotizing pancreatitis and pulmonary failure, who had not been treated with octreotide. Intervention Each patient in the treatment group received 100 μg intravenous octreotide three times daily for 10 days, in addition to the standard intensive care therapy. Results The groups (octreotide group, control group) were highly comparable with regard to age (mean age: 54, 51 years), sex, severity of illness (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score: 27, 27), etiology of pancreatitis, and pretreatment at the time of admission to the intensive care unit. There was no difference in the development of renal, hepatic, gastrointestinal, hemostatic, neurologic, or local complications. But the frequency of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (18 vs 40%;p〈0.05) and circulatory shock (51 vs 87%;p〈0.05) was significantly lower in the treatment group. Furthermore, mortality was 26% (10 of 39 patients) in the octreotide group and 61% (33 of 54 patients) in the control group (p〈0.01). Conclusion The results of our case-control study showed a beneficial effect of octreotide in patients with severe necrotizing pancreatitis and pulmonary failure. Based on these data, a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study should be performed to evaluate these results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02044115
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Octreotide treatment in patients with necrotizing pancreatitis and pulmonary failure (1996)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 22 (1996), S. 909-915 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Acute pancreatitis ; Necrotizing pancreatitis ; Octreotide ; Treatment ; Systemic complications ; SIRS ; ARDS ; Circulatory shock
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract   Objective: To determine the efficiency of intravenous infusion of octreotide in the treatment of patients with severe pancreatitis and pulmonary failure. Design: Prospective, case–control study. Setting: Intensive care unit of a university hospital. Patients: Treatment group: 39 patients with necrotizing pancreatitis were selected for the study. In all, pulmonary failure developed under conservative treatment and surgical intervention had been necessary because of local (abscess, necrosis) or systemic (systemic inflammatory response syndrome) complications. The outcome was prospectively followed up until death or discharge from the hospital. Control group: 54 case–control matched patients with acute necrotizing pancreatitis and pulmonary failure, who had not been treated with octreotide. Intervention: Each patient in the treatment group received 100 μg intravenous octreotide three times daily for 10 days, in addition to the standard intensive care therapy. Results: The groups (octreotide group, control group) were highly comparable with regard to age (mean age: 54, 51 years), sex, severity of illness (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score: 27, 27), etiology of pancreatitis, and pretreatment at the time of admission to the intensive care unit. There was no difference in the development of renal, hepatic, gastrointestinal, hemostatic, neurologic, or local complications. But the frequency of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (18 vs 40%; p〈0.05) and circulatory shock (51 vs 87%; p〈0.05) was significantly lower in the treatment group. Furthermore, mortality was 26% (10 of 39 patients) in the octreotide group and 61% (33 of 54 patients) in the control group (p〈0.01). Conclusion: The results of our case–control study showed a beneficial effect of octreotide in patients with severe necrotizing pancreatitis and pulmonary failure. Based on these data, a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled study should be performed to evaluate these results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340050186
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric and optical properties of C60 material studied by ellipsometry and quantitative IR and UV/VIS spectroscopy (1995)
    Springer
    Applied physics 61 (1995), S. 163-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 78.40; 78.30; 73.60; 78.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract.  Optical properties in the spectral range from 0.06 to 5.5 eV of fullerite films on different substrates, C60 powder, and dissolved fullerene material are investigated by spectroscopic ellipsometry and optical transmission and reflection measurements. Depolarization effects are taken into account during determination of the dielectric function of fullerite films by ellipsometry. The optical gap for C60 films is found to be 1.63 eV. Three optical absorption bands are observed at 2.69, 3.53, and 4.49 eV. The dielectric function in the infrared shows the four characteristic infrared vibrational modes. The interference pattern seen in UV/VIS reflection measurements are used for high-precision thickness determination of the films. The Clausius-Mossotti formula is successfully applied to reproduce the experimental optical data measured in C60/dichlormethane solutions. Deviations between theory and experiments provide interesting information about the intermolecular interaction of the C60 molecules. A tentative interpretation of the measured absorption bands is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390050185
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric and optical properties of C60 material studied by ellipsometry and quantitative IR and UV/VIS spectroscopy (1995)
    Springer
    Applied physics 61 (1995), S. 163-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 78.40 ; 78.30 ; 73.60 ; 78.65
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Optical properties in the spectral range from 0.06 to 5.5 eV of fullerite films on different substrates, C60 powder, and dissolved fullerene material are investigated by spectroscopic ellipsometry and optical transmission and reflection measurements. Depolarization effects are taken into account during determination of the dielectric function of fullerite films by ellipsometry. The optical gap for C60 films is found to be 1.63 eV. Three optical absorption bands are observed at 2.69, 3.53, and 4.49 eV. The dielectric function in the infrared shows the four characteristic infrared vibrational modes. The interference pattern seen in UV/VIS reflection measurements are used for high-precision thickness determination of the films. The Clausius-Mossotti formula is successfully applied to reproduce the experimental optical data measured in C60/dichlormethane solutions. Deviations between theory and experiments provide interesting information about the intermolecular interaction of the C60 molecules. A tentative interpretation of the measured absorption bands is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01538384
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aortocaval fistula complicating abdominal aortic aneurysm: diagnosis with gadolinium-enhanced three-dimensional MR angiography (1999)
    Springer
    European radiology 9 (1999), S. 1438-1440 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: MR angiography ; Contrast enhancement ; Three-dimensional MR ; Vascular studies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. With approximately 150 reported cases, fistulas between the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava are rare. Preoperative clinical diagnosis of aortocaval fistula is difficult because the classical triad of abdominal pain, pulsatile abdominal mass, and abdominal machinery-like bruit may be absent in up to 50 % of patients. We report a case of aortocaval fistula complicating abdominal aortic aneurysm which was diagnosed preoperatively using breath-hold gadolinium-enhanced three-dimensional MR angiography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050866
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of cholecystokinin, somatostatin, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, glutamic acid decarboxylase and tyrosine hydroxylase genes in the central nervous motor systems of the genetically dystonic hamster (1999)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 129 (1999), S. 114-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Dystonia ; Neurotransmitter enzymes ; Golden hamster
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  In the dt sz mutant hamster with idiopathic generalized dystonia, functional abnormalities of several neurotransmitters have been suggested to play a role in the development of symptoms. In the present study, we have used histochemistry with 35S-ATP labeled oligonucleotides to determine whether these abnormalities are associated with modulation in the expression of neurotransmitter genes in motor regions. We examined the expression of genes encoding cholecystokinin (CCK), somatostatin (SRIF), thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43) in the cortex and basal ganglia of dystonic hamsters and of non-dystonic control hamsters of a related inbred line and of a non-related outbred line. The distribution of these mRNAs in normal hamster brain was similar to that in normal rat brain. In all cortical regions studied (frontal, parietal and piriformis), the expression of CCK was similar in dystonic and inbred controls but was significantly greater than in outbred controls. In the anterior thalamus, CCK expression was lower in dystonic hamsters than in both control groups. SRIF expression was significantly decreased in the cortex and striatum of dystonic animals than in inbred and outbred control hamsters. GAD expression was lower in the striatum and substantia nigra, pars reticulata of dystonic than in outbred hamsters, but similar values were found in all groups in the other regions studied. TH was lower in the substantia nigra of dystonic than in inbred controls. No changes were found in GAP43 expression. This study demonstrates that changes in modulation of the expression of some peptides and neurotransmitter enzymes can be found in the dystonic hamster, which is in contrast to other animal models such as the dystonic rat, where no such changes have been found. The present data are consistent with previous findings in dt sz hamsters that suggest a dysfunction within the basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002210050941
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transitions to a new chiral phase in a Langmuir monolayer (1997)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 106 (1997), S. 8216-8220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Isotherms and x-ray diffraction studies of eicosanoic acid Langmuir monolayers show a phase in which the molecular tilt is intermediate between nearest-neighbor (NN) and next-nearest-neighbor (NNN) directions. The transition from this "I" phase to an NN-tilted structure is first order, with a ∼60° change in the tilt direction, while the transition to an NNN-tilted structure is apparently continuous. These results can be explained using a Landau-type theory for uniaxially distorted lattices, which is a modification of an existing theory for hexagonal lattices [J. V. Selinger and D. R. Nelson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 416 (1988)]. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.473825
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Exciton transport into a single GaAs quantum wire studied by picosecond near-field optical spectroscopy (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 2176-2178 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report a time-resolved near-field luminescence study of excitonic real-space transfer into single GaAs quantum wires. Excitons generated by local optical excitation in a 250 nm spot undergo diffusive transport over a length of several microns and are subsequently trapped into the quantum wire by optical phonon emission. Local energy barriers in the vicinity of the quantum wire, originating from the epitaxial growth mechanism of the nanostructure, directly influence the real-space transfer dynamics and trapping efficiency. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122414
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dislocation generation and crack growth under monotonic loading (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 6249-6264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The processes of crack growth and dislocation emission induced by the crack tip are investigated. A crystal with cubic lattice of atoms under plane strain conditions is considered. The main principles of the nanofracture mechanics approach employed in this study are outlined. Both ductile and brittle mechanisms of crack growth in the crystal are examined in nano- or interatomic scale. Only the fundamental constants of the classical theory of dislocations are used which include the interatomic spacing, elastic constants, the Schmid friction constant, and the true surface energy of crystal lattice. The efficient solution of the elastic problem for an arbitrary number of dislocations near the crack tip is obtained in terms of complex potential functions. The equilibrium of dislocation pairs near the crack tip during monotonic loading is investigated. It is shown that dislocation generation at the crack tip occurs at certain quantum levels of external load. The magnitude of external load corresponding to crack growth initiation and emission of the first pair of dislocations is calculated. The mathematical problem for an arbitrary N number of dislocation pairs near the crack tip is reduced to a parametric system of N nonlinear equations, where the stress intensity factor of external load KI plays the role of parameter and N the role of discrete time. The minimum value of KI at which the solution of this system of equations exists corresponds to the stress intensity factor at which the Nth pair of dislocations is generated. The numerical method is presented to determine the minimum value of KI. The approximate method of self-consistent field is employed to reduce the order of the system of nonlinear equations. The approximate method is used to calculate the fracture curve KI(lc) relating the value of KI which maintains the crack growth to the crack length increment lc. The exact solution is also studied, and numerical results are given for a crack in an aluminum specimen and involve the quantum levels of external load corresponding to the moments of dislocation generation and the values of the superfine stress intensity factor up to 150 dislocations. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.360572
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vacuum near-field scanning optical microscope for variable cryogenic temperatures (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 3458-3463 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We describe the design of a novel near-field scanning optical microscope for cryogenic temperatures and operation in vacuum. A helium flow cryostat is used for active temperature control of the sample in the range between 8 and 330 K, while all components of the near-field microscope are kept at room temperature. This design greatly simplifies near-field microscopy at variable sample temperatures and permits large piezoelectric scan ranges of up to 100×100×10 μm 3, the implementation of hardware-linearized piezoelectric scan stages, as well as flexible coarse positioning. First experiments with single GaAs quantum wires demonstrate the excellent performance of this new instrument. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1148308
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