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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 6 (1996), S. 518-522 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Echo-planar imaging ; Brain ; Neoplasms ; Perfusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A total of 17 patients with histologically proven diagnoses of low-grade astrocytoma (n = 4), high-grade astrocytoma (n = 8), lymphoma (n = 3), and meningioma (n = 2) were examined by using EPISTAR MR imaging. Meningiomas had the highest EPISTAR tumor/white matter contrast and low-grade astrocytomas and lymphomas the lowest. High-grade astrocytomas demonstrated elevated EPISTAR signal with marked regional heterogeneity. There was agreement between tumor vascularity by SPECT and EPISTAR in the five cases where both were done. Our results show that tumor vascularity can be assessed qualitatively by using EPISTAR without the need for contrast medium injection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 8 (1998), S. 507-516 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Angiography ; comparative studies ; US ; comparative studies ; CT ; comparative studies ; MR ; comparative studies ; MR ; contrast enhancement ; MR ; three-dimensional ; MR ; vascular studies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. With the advent of ultrasound (US), Doppler and color-flow Doppler imaging, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) the ability for non-invasive studies of the abdominal vasculature has been enhanced considerably. In this paper an overview on various abdominal vascular pathologies is presented. Because of the dramatic improvements in image quality, special emphasis is given on the potential role of breathhold contrast-enhanced three-dimensional (3D) MRA which appears to be a versatile non-invasive alternative to conventional angiography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: MR angiography ; Contrast enhancement ; Three-dimensional MR ; Vascular studies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. With approximately 150 reported cases, fistulas between the abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava are rare. Preoperative clinical diagnosis of aortocaval fistula is difficult because the classical triad of abdominal pain, pulsatile abdominal mass, and abdominal machinery-like bruit may be absent in up to 50 % of patients. We report a case of aortocaval fistula complicating abdominal aortic aneurysm which was diagnosed preoperatively using breath-hold gadolinium-enhanced three-dimensional MR angiography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 6 (1996), S. 838-843 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Magnetic resonance imaging ; Fast techniques ; Echo-planar imaging ; Focal liver lesions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The performance of breath-hold MR imaging using two T2-weighted hybrid sequences (TSE, TGSE), two T2-weighted single-shot sequences (HASTE, EPI-SE), and one T1-weighted gradientecho sequence (FLASH) was compared with a standard conventional T2-weighted SE sequence in 20 patients with focal liver lesions. Liver signal-to-noise ratio was highest spleen-liver contrast-to-noise ratio (54.3 ± 8.3) and thee HASTE (41.1 ± 12.5) sequence, whereas the highest spleen-liver contrast-noise-ratio was obtained by the TSE sequence (38.9 ± 20.7). Lesion-liver CNR was highest with the TSE sequence (63.9 ± 21.4). With both TSE and HASTE significantly (p 〈 0.01) more lesions were detected as compared with SE and EPE-SE sequences. Our results indicate that breath-hold TSE and HASTE sequences will eventually replace conventional T2-weighted SE techniques due to their insensitivity to motion artifacts, superior lesion detectability and inherently short acquisitions times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 3 (1993), S. 359-365 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Abdomen CT-Aneurysm ; Abdomen CT ; Aneurysm, abdominal ; Aneurysm, aortic ; CT ; Spiral technology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Spiral CT angiography (CTA) was performed on 19 patients for the pre-operative assessment of abdominal aortic aneurysms and in 3 post-operative renal artery bypass patients. Spiral CTA performed during intravenous contrast infusion provided a volume of data that was reconstructed at thin increments. Images were edited and reformatted either as surface rendered three-dimensional or maximum intensity projection (MIP) displays. Final images were viewed in a cine-loop presentation of quality comparable to conventional angiograms. The entire aorta can be examined from the coeliac axis to mid-pelvis with only 107 ml of 60% contrast.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Echoplanare Magnetresonanztomographie ; Schlaganfall ; Diffusion ; Bildartefakte ; Key words Echo-planar magnetic resonance imaging ; Stroke ; Diffusion ; Artifact
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Introduction: An accurate diagnosis is frequently difficult in early stroke. Diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) allows visualization of ischemic parenchyma and quantitative assessment of tissue changes before unequivocal abnormalities appear on T2-weighted MRI. Methods: We analyzed 105 MRI examinations of patients with acute stroke (〈24 h) with regard to patterns of abnormalities in T2-weighted and DW MRI. Furthermore we assessed the influence of artifacts related to DW echo-planar single-shot MRI on image interpretation. Results: Depending on the time of patient assessment there were three partly overlapping T2/DW patterns: (1) in the very early phase (≤1.5 h after symptom onset) there was no T2 abnormality and no definite abnormality of diffusion; (2) no T2 abnormality and restricted diffusion (1.5–4 h); (3) T2 hyperintensity and restricted diffusion (≥3 h). Typical artifacts (susceptibility distortions, N/2 artifact, chemical shift artifact and eddy currents artifact) had to be considered when interpreting images. Conclusions: Provided typical artifacts are taken into consideration, echo-planar DW MRI allows a more precise diagnostic assessment in acute stroke.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In den ersten Stunden nach zerebraler Ischämie ist eine exakte Diagnosestellung häufig schwierig. Die diffusionsgewichtete (DW) Magnetresonanztomographie (MRT) ermöglicht die bildliche Darstellung betroffener Parenchymanteile und quantitative Erfassung der Gewebeveränderungen, noch bevor eindeutige Auffälligkeiten im T2-gewichteten Bild nachweisbar sind. Wir analysierten 105 MRT-Untersuchungen akuter Schlaganfälle (〈24 h) in Hinblick auf typische Befundkonstellationen in der T2- und DW MRT. Weiterhin wurde der Einfluß der bei DW echoplanarer (EP) Einzelpuls („single shot”) Meßtechniken häufig auftretenden Bildartefakte auf die Bildbefundung ausgewertet. In Abhängigkeit vom Untersuchungszeitpunkt zeigten sich drei z.T. zeitlich überlappende T2/DW Konstellationen: a) In der sehr frühen Infarktphase (≤1,5 Stunden) fehlende T2-Auffälligkeiten, bei gleichzeitig ebenfalls noch nicht nachweisbarer Diffusionsstörung; b) fehlende T2-Veränderung bei gleichzeitigen Zeichen einer reduzierten Diffusion (1,5–4 h); c) eindeutige T2-Hyperintensität bei gleichzeitig eingeschränkter Diffusion (≥3 h). Es fanden sich typische Artefakte in Form von Suszeptibilitätsverzerrungen, N/2 Artefakten, Fettsignal-(„chemical shift”)Artefakten und Wirbelstromverzerrungen, die bei der Befundinterpretation berücksichtigt werden müssen. Die Kenntnis der typischen Bildartefakte vorausgesetzt, ermöglicht EP DW-Bildgebung eine exaktere Diagnose akuter Schlaganfälle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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