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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Substitution effect of Y3+ with Ca2+ in YBa2Cu3O7−δ (abstract) : 35th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 5391-5391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The oxide superconductor YBa2Cu3O7−δ is known to have a rather free entrance of oxygen into the CuO chain between the BaO layers, and the oxygen deficiency δ is closely related with the critical temperature Tc. (1) When Y3+ site is substituted with Ca2+, the position of the oxygen vacancy is not on the Cu–O plane, but on the CuO chain as well as in the case of YBa2Cu3O7−δ. (2) When this substitution is done, electric neutrality is kept by the release of a half O2− for one Y3+ substitution with one Ca2+. (3) Therefore, the concentration of the positive hole is constant for this substitution, and Tc of the system is kept at the rather high temperature of about 86 K. (4) The relation between Tc and the hole concentration is in good agreement with the non-Ca2+ containing YBCO, and it can be said as a conclusion that the substitution of Y3+ with Ca2+ does not give any effect on the mechanism of the superconductivity of this system. (5) The crystallinity of the system is improved by the substitution to be better sintered and to have more narrow width of the critical temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.348014
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron cyclotron resonance heating by strong monochromatic wave in nonuniform magnetic field (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 1 (1994), S. 834-841 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Numerical studies are made on dynamics of electrons under electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) by a strong monochromatic wave in a nonuniform magnetic field. The response of the electrons is described in terms of gains in energy and magnetic moment. These expressions are employed to define a response function which connects the velocity distributions of electrons before and after heating in a wide range of conditions. The response function is applied to calculate the velocity distribution of cold electrons which stream up the magnetic slope and are heated at the resonance. This configuration simulates a possible scheme for controlling an inward flux of cold electrons in diverter regions of tori and in mirror ends by mirror reflection enhanced by ECRH. The velocity distribution shows wing-like structures which are not expected from diffusion equations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.870742
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neutron calibration techniques for comparison of tokamak results (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 61 (1990), S. 3501-3504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A workshop on 1–3 August 1989 reviewed the techniques, uncertainties, and experiences of neutron calibration on PLT, TFTR, JET, Tore Supra, JT-60, JIPPT-IIU, Alcator C-Mod, ATF, FT, ASDEX, Textor, and DIII-D. In the summary session, the workshop participants discussed possible consensus neutron calibration techniques appropriate to D-D plasmas in tokamaks. The application of such techniques would facilitate a more accurate comparison of neutron yields from different devices, and also allow new calibration techniques to relate their precision to a reference value. General agreement was reached on the suitability of two techniques: (1) a 252Cf source calibration of epithermal neutron detectors, and (2) threshold neutron activation of Ni foils placed vertically above or below the plasma. This paper will present details on detector positioning, neutron transport calculations, and interlab normalization needed to accomplish the standardized calibration using a Cf neutron source.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1141558
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Theoretical analysis of thermal dike supported by electron cyclotron resonance heating (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 1 (1994), S. 3986-3995 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thermal dike is a new concept for controlling energy transport carried by electrons along open magnetic field lines by enhancing mirror-reflection with assistance of electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH). Quantitative analyses are made to evaluate merits of thermal dike and to clarify requirements for efficient use of it. Heating response function is applied for trajectory analyses of electrons streaming through the ECRH zone. Substantial power gain is obtained under a configuration with a high mirror ratio between the reflection point and the resonance point and with a large scale length of the magnetic gradient in the resonance zone. Thermal dike is shown to be beneficial both in tandem mirrors and in diverters in tori. Discussions are made also on a basic experiment program of thermal dike in the GAMMA 10 tandem mirror.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.870914
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microwave-mode analyzer with dispersive reflector antenna (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 3167-3173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A new method is developed for mode analysis of microwaves propagating in an oversize waveguide. A curved reflector is used to disperse the different modes in different directions. The locations of the mode powers are systematically distributed on an intercepting absorber plane. An infrared camera is used for quick visual analysis of the mode map produced as a temperature distribution on the absorber sheet. Detailed analysis is also made by numerically processing the image data. Polarizations of the constituent modes can be determined with a rotated microwave receiver. Usefulness of this method is experimentally demonstrated by comparison with other techniques.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1142570
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histopathologic prognostic factors in stage IIb cervical carcinoma treated with radical hysterectomy and pelvic-node dissection — an analysis with mathematical statistics (1993)
    238 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA : Blackwell Scientific Publications
    International journal of gynecological cancer 3 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Of 107 patients with stage IIb cervical cancer who underwent laparotomy, 82 (77%) could be treated with radical hysterectomy (RAH) and pelvic-node dissection (PND). The remaining 25 patients were unsuitable for radical surgery because of para-aortic lymph node metastases, direct cancer invasion into the bladder muscle, and/or fixed enlarged pelvic lymph nodes (PLN): Such patients were treated with radiation therapy after laparotomy. Fifty-nine of RAH patients were given postoperative pelvic radiation because they had PLN metastases, parametrial invasion, and/or full thickness cervical stromal invasion. The overall 5-year survival of the patients undergoing RAH was significantly better than that of those who could not be treated with RAH (P 〈 0.001). In the RAH patients, parametrial invasion, which clinically defines stage IIb, was found only in 45%. Univariate analysis of histopathologic prognostic factors revealed that PLN metastasis, parametrial invasion, adenocarcinoma, and lymph-vascular space invasion significantly affected survival of the RAH patients (P 〈 0.05). Multivariate analysis using Cox’s proportional hazards regression model, however, selected only PLN metastasis as a strong prognostic factor (P 〈 0.001). Concerning PLN metastasis patients with two or more positive nodal groups vs. 49%, P 〈 0.0001). The logistic regression analysis revealed that tumor diameter, parametrial invasion and lymph-vascular space invasion were independently correlated with PLN metastases in two or more nodal groups. The present data suggest that (i) the patients with massive pelvic extension of cancer cannot be cured by radiation therapy alone, (ii) the strong determinant of the prognosis of the patients undergoing RAH and PND is PLN metastasis. Therefore, for these patients with poor prognosic factors, other treatment modalities should be considered. From the present study it seems that planning RAH and PND for patients with stage IIb disease might make it possible to select poor prognostic subgroups, who have extra cervical extension or PLN metastases in two or more groups, and be useful in individualizing treatment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1438.1993.03040219.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Endometrial carcinoma in women aged 40 years or younger: a Japanese experience (1993)
    238 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA : Blackwell Scientific Publications
    International journal of gynecological cancer 3 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We report on the clinical and pathologic findings in 17 cases of endometrial carcinoma in Japanese women aged 40 years or younger. Age of the patients ranged from 16 to 40 years, with a median of 35 years. Nine of 17 tumors (52.9%) were stage I or II (FIGO 1988) but 8 (47.1%) were stage III. Four of the 8 patients with stage III disease had pelvic lymph node metastases and one also had para-aortic lymph node metastasis. One patient had metastasis to the ovary and peritoneal cytology was positive in 4 patients. Histologically, 13 of these 17 patients had endometrioid adenocarcinoma, 3 had adenoacanthoma and 1 had an undifferentiated carcinoma. Ten were well differentiated tumors (G1), 3 were moderately differentiated tumors (G2), and 4 were poorly differentiated tumors (G3). Nine of 17 (52.9%) showed deep myometrial invasion (more than a half of the myometrium) and 5 of 17 (29.4%) demonstrated lymphatic/vascular space invasion. Pelvic and para-aortic lymph node metastases were seen in 4 of 15 (26.7%) and 1 of 15 (6.7%), respectively. Two of these 17 patients died of disease in a relatively short follow-up period. In our experience there is no difference in the survival rates between patients aged 40 years or younger and those over 40 years.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1438.1993.03030147.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Treatment of patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma with massive pleural effusions (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of gynecological cancer 1 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1525-1438
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Imachi M, Tsukamoto N, Shimamoto T, Kamura T, Saito T, Nakano H. Treatment of patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma with massive pleural effusions. Int J Gynecol Cancer 1991; 1: 263–267.Twelve patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma who had massive pleural effusions were treated between 1985 and 1989. Clinical stages of these patients were stage IIa, 1 and stage IV, 11. Histologic diagnoses were six serous adenocarcinomas, three endometrioid carcinomas, one mucinous adenocarcinoma, one clear cell carcinoma, and one squamous cell carcinoma. Massive pleural effusions were noted in the chest roentgenograms in all patients. Eight patients had effusions in pleural cavity, and four in both. The volumes of fluid removed from the pleural cavities ranged from 440 to 3650 ml, with a mean of 1905 ml. Eleven patients (92%) had malignant cells in their pleural effusions. Before surgery, all patients received thoracocentesis, and nine of them underwent continuous drainage by thoracic tubes. Eleven patients were given cis-platinum-containing chemotherapy after operation. Seven patients died of disease within two years. However, four patients underwent second-look operation and showed no evidence of residual disease. Malignant pleural effusions in ovarian carcinoma showed a good response to cis-platinum containing systematic chemotherapy. From the above results, it is concluded that under the drainage of pleural effusions debulking surgery followed by systematic chemotherapy is useful for patients with advanced ovarian carcinomas and massive pleural effusions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1438.1991.tb00053.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between strain effect and martensitic transformation in multifilamentary Nb3Sn wires (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 7404-7407 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: For bronze-processed multifilamentary pure Nb3Sn and 2.3 at. % Ti added (Nb,Ti)3Sn wires, which were prepared under the condition of the same wire parameters such as the filament size, filament number, and bronze ratio, the strain effects on the critical current density were measured. The large difference of the residual strain between Nb3Sn and (Nb,Ti)3Sn wires was obtained. It was found that the martensitic transformation for Nb3Sn compound largely contributes to the residual strain through the variation of the elastic modulus in bronze-processed multifilamentary Nb3Sn wires. It was verified that the ternary element addition of Ti surely suppresses the martensitic transformation in the bronze processed multifilamentary Nb3Sn wire.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.357033
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Room-temperature copper metallization for ultralarge-scale integrated circuits by a low kinetic-energy particle process (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 52 (1988), S. 2236-2238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Copper films were epitaxially grown on (100)Si substrates at room temperatures utilizing low kinetic-energy particle bombardment of growing copper film surfaces. The crystallographic structure of the film, such as (100) or (111) orientation, was selected by controlling the energy of incident particles. Low-temperature, damage-free substrate surface cleaning has also been realized by the low kinetic-energy particle process, which has made it possible to form ideal metal-semiconductor contacts without employing any alloying heat cycles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99542
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