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  • 1
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Histamine assays can be unreliable in individual subjects or samples even though the particular method is in general working very well. Therefore the specificity and accuracy of histamine determination in the gastric aspirate of individual duodenal ulcer patients was thoroughly examined and shown to be satisfactory. Pitfalls of the fluorometric assay were investigated. A native (non-histamine) fluorescence in gastric aspirate which occurs before the addition of OPT was not removed by the original Shore procedure. In the combined assay (Dowex 50+ butanol extraction) this fluorescence no longer interferes with the assay. For the identification of histamine in a single gastric aspirate of an individual duodenal ulcer patient, the reversed blank (3M HCl added to the reaction mixture before OPT instead after OPT), excitation and fluorescence spectra, the heating test with spectra recorded and the HMT test were found to be reliable. The formaldehyde test and the heating test without recording the spectra were useless since they gave false negative results. Since the HMT test was regarded as a reference method it was thoroughly investigated both by theoretical considerations (enzyme kinetics) and by a series of measurements in a single patient as well as in a group of nine subjects. Samples from the period of peak acid output in response to pentagastrin showed an average histamine concentration of about 8 ng/ml and a histamine output of 1.5 μg/30 min.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Standard operations ; anaesthesia ; blood transfusion ; plasma histamine ; Standardoperationen ; Anästhesie ; Bluttransfusion ; Plasmahistaminspiegel
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine prospektive kontrollierte klinische Studie wurde über Veränderungen des Plasmahistamin- und Katecholaminspiegels bei 5 Standardoperationen durchgeführt. Diese Mitteilung, als erster Teil der Studie, zeigt nur die Möglichkeiten auf, eine solche Studie durchzuführen und Veränderungen des Plasmahistaminspiegels nachzuweisen. Erhöhte Plasmahistaminkonzentrationen, die einer Histaminfreisetzungsreaktion von 〉1 ng/ml entsprechen, kamen bei 8 von 25 Operationen vor. In einer explorativen statistischen Analyse wurden diese Reaktionen mit bestimmten Phasen der Anästhesie oder des chirurgischen Eingriffs in Verbindung gebracht. Bluttransfusionen tragen das Risiko in sich, „freies Histamin“ in den Patienten zu infundieren — zumal bei Filterpassage, wenn es unter erhöhtem Druck angewandt wird. Da während Operationen recht häufig „freies Histamin“ in die Zirkulation gelangt und möglicherweise schädigende Wirkungen entfaltet, ist möglicherweise eine Prämedikation mit H1- und H2-Rezeptorantagonisten ratsam.
    Notes: Summary A prospective controlled clinical trial was conducted on changes in plasma histamine and catecholamine levels during 5 standard operations. This communication, as the first part of the trial, deals only with the feasibility of such a trial and the changes in plasma histamine levels. Elevated histamine concentrations corresponding to histamine-release responses of 〉1 ng/ml occurred in 8 of 25 operations. In an explorative analysis these reponses were associated with distinct phases of anaesthesia or the surgical procedure. Blood transfusion carried the risk of infusion of “free histamine” into the patient — especially when administered under pressure. Since during operations “free histamine” enters the circulation with a rather high incidence and may cause harmful effects, premedication with H1-+H2-receptor antagonists seems worth consideration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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