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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of the two most common Wx alleles on different genetic backgrounds in rice (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 119 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Wxa and Wxb are the most common alleles of the Wx gene in Asian cultivated rice. The difference between them is responsible for differences in the levels of the Wx gene product in the endosperm, as well as in amylose content, which is an important determinant of the quality of edible rice. Since Indica rice mostly carries the Wxa allele, we introduced the Wxb allele into Indica-type rice (IR36) from a Japonica-type rice (T65) by repeated backcrossing. In the near-isogenic line (IR36 Wxb), the level of the Wx gene product was reduced and, as expected, the level of amylose. However, IR36Wxb had a lower amylose content than the recurrent parent of T65 with the Wxb allele. The results suggest that the Indica (IR36) background might lower the amylose content more than the Japonica (T65) background when the Wx allele is the same. The possible importance of modifiers that regulate expression of the Wx gene is also discussed in relation to improvements in the grain quality of rice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2000.00533.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased levels of a TH2-type CC chemokine thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) in serum and induced sputum of asthmatics (2002)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 57 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Cytokines liberated by TH2 cells play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. Recent studies have demonstrated that CC chemokine receptor (CCR)4 is preferentially expressed by TH2 cells. These facts suggest possible involvement of two CCR4-specific ligands i.e., thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) and macrophage-derived chemokine (MDC), in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma via recruitment of TH2 cells to inflammatory sites. We investigated the levels of TARC and MDC in the serum and induced sputum of asthmatics. Methods: The levels of TARC in the serum (46 asthmatics and 26 healthy subjects) and induced sputum (30 asthmatics and 6 healthy subjects) were measured using a highly sensitive ELISA system. The levels of eotaxin and MDC were also measured by ELISA. Results: TARC, but not MDC, was significantly increased in asthmatic sera (P〈0.001). Although MDC was undetectable in the sputum of most cases by our assay system, sputum TARC was significantly increased (P=0.027). Conclusions: The elevated TARC levels in asthmatics might be involved in the pathophysiology of asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2002.1s3256.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eotaxin in induced sputum of asthmatics: relationship with eosinophils and eosinophil cationic protein in sputum (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Eosinophilic inflammation is a crucial aspect of allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma. An eosinophil-active chemokine, eotaxin, may play a role in the pathogenesis of the tissue eosinophilia accompanying asthma. Methods: Induced sputa were obtained from 53 patients with atopic asthma and six healthy subjects, and the concentration of eotaxin in the sputum was measured by ELISA. We investigated whether the sputum content of eotaxin is related to 1) asthma status or corticosteroid therapy, and 2) other sputum indices, including percentage of eosinophils and concentration of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP). Results: The patients with stable or unstable asthma showed significantly higher concentrations of sputum eotaxin than the normal controls. The level of sputum eotaxin demonstrated a positive correlation with the percentage of eosinophils in stable asthmatics not receiving corticosteroid therapy, but not in stable patients treated with corticosteroids, or in unstable patients. Sputum eotaxin demonstrated a positive correlation with ECP in asthmatic patients who were either in a stable state or not receiving steroid therapy. Conclusions: The elevated level of eotaxin detected in association with increased eosinophils and ECP in the sputum of asthmatics suggests that eotaxin is involved in the pathogenesis of eosinophilic airway inflammation. The relationship of eotaxin to airway eosinophilia may be modified by the stability status of asthma and corticosteroid therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00474.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ribosomal DNAs: an exception to the conservation of gene order in rice genomes (2000)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 263 (2000), S. 586-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key words rDNA locus ; Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) ; Genus Oryza ; Comparative genomics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract rDNA (18S-5.8S-25S rDNA) and 5S rDNA loci were visualized on the chromosomes of six species of the genus Oryza by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and the labeled rice chromosomes were identified based on their condensation patterns. As a result, the chromosomes harboring rDNA and/or 5S rDNA loci were determined in the complement for all the known rice genomes. Variation in the location of the rDNA loci indicated the transpositional nature of the rDNAs in the genus Oryza, as also suggested in Triticeae and Allium. Comparative analysis of the locations of rDNA loci among rice, maize and wheat revealed that variability in the physical location of the rDNA loci was characteristic of the genus Oryza and also of the genera of Gramineae. This variability in the location of the rDNA loci between evolutionarily related species is in sharp contrast to the conservation of the general order of genes in their genomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004380051205
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High Performance AlGaN/GaN HEMTs with Recessed Gate (2002)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 389-393 (Apr. 2002), p. 1511-1514 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/06/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.389-393.1511.pdf
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural differences in the vicinity of the waxy locus among the Oryza species with the AA-genome: identification of variable regions (2000)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 100 (2000), S. 376-383 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words AA-genome ; BAC clone ; Oryza species ; The waxy locus ; Variable regions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  We constructed a fine physical map for a 260-kb rice BAC contig surrounding the waxy locus. In order to identify variable regions within this 260-kb as to the restriction fragments length polymorphisms and copy numbers, sixty overlapping fragments derived from the 260-kb contig were used as probes to compare their corresponding structures among the Oryza species with AA-genome. According to the hybridization patterns, each fragment was classified into four types; true single copy (class 1), single copy with a smear background (class 2), multiple copy without a smear background (class 3), and only a smear background (class 4). Out of 16 single copy (class 1 and class 2) regions obtained in this map, the one site corresponding to wx gave rise to remarkable polymorphisms among AA-genome species in Oryza. In most of the fragments observed as repetitive segments (class 4), we could not find obvious differences in the hybridization pattern. However, interestingly, one site sorted into class-3 showed copy numbers varying among the lines. The lines belonging to O. sativa O. rufipogon, O. meridionalis,and O. longistaminata possessed high-copy numbers of this fragment, whereas only a few bands were detected in the lines from O. glaberrima, O. barthii, and O. glumaepatula. The two variable regions found within the AA-genome species represented genomic dynamisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220050049
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen an der Epiphysis cerebri beim Hund (1966)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 69 (1966), S. 129-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Die Epiphysis cerebri von 30 Hunden wurde elektronenmikroskopisch im Hinblick auf ihre sekretorische Funktion untersucht. 2. Die Pinealzellen sind sekretorisch tätige Zellen. Das Sekret wird in Form von „synaptischen“ Bläschen im Bereich des Golgi-Apparates produziert. Außer den Bläschen wurden osmiophile Granula (Pigmentgranula und Fetttröpfchen) verschiedener Menge beobachtet. 3. Die Pinealzellen sind multipolare Zellen mit Fortsätzen von verschiedener Länge und Dicke. Sie enden mit keulenförmigen Anschwellungen in den perivaskulären Spalten. 4. Die im Fortsatz enthaltenen Bläschen (Durchmesser 350–1400 Å) besitzen in der Regel ein elektronendichtes Granulum. Sie werden wahrscheinlich durch die Basalmembran in das Kapillarlumen abgegeben. Damit stellt sich der Sekretionsmodus der Zirbeldrüse als ähnlich heraus mit dem bei der Neurosekretion oder bei Abgabe von neurohumoralen Transmitters in der Nervenendigung.
    Notes: Summary The epiphysis of 30 dogs was studied electronmicroscopically. The pineal cells are secretory elements; their product arises from small vesicles in the Golgi apparatus. In addition to such vesicles, osmiophilic granules (pigments and lipids) were observed in varying amounts. The pineal cells are multipolar with processes of diverse length and thickness. These end with bulbous swellings in perivascular clefts. The vesicles found in the processes (diameters 350–1,400 Å) as a rule contain an electron dense granule. They are probably released into the capillary lumen via the basement membrane. Thus the secretory process in the pineal seems to resemble that in neurosecretory centers or that of the site of production of neurohumoral transmitters at nerve endings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00406271
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weitere elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen am kaudalen neurosekretorischen System von Fischen (1966)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 75 (1966), S. 328-338 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das kaudale neurosekretorische System von Cyprinus carpio und Channa argus Cantor wurde elektronenmikroskopisch untersucht. Während in den Golgi-Bläschen von Channa nur eine Art von Elementargranula entsteht, kommen bei Cyprinus zwei Granulatypen verschiedener Größe und Elektronendichte (α- und ß-Granula) vor, jedoch nie in ein und derselben neurosekretorischen Zelle zusammen. Bei Cyprinus werden Elementargranula verschiedener Elektronendichte aus der Zelle in die perivaskulären Räume abgegeben. Außer Elementargranula wurden große Tropfen mit verschiedener Struktur in den Perikaryen und in den Basen der Zell-Fortsätze beobachtet. Ein Teil der Tropfen ist durch Verschmelzung der Elementargranula entstanden, die meisten jedoch entsprechen Lysosomen, Myelinfiguren, „multivesicular bodies“ usw. Die neurosekretorischen Zellen sind durch zahlreiche axo-somatische und axo-axonale sowie axo-dendritische Synapsen mit nichtsekretorischen Nervenzellen verbunden. — Da die Wandungen der endozellulären Kapillaren ohne Zwischenschaltung einer gliösen Schranke die Zellmembran der Perikaryen berühren, wird ein unmittelbarer Stoffaustausch zwischen neurosekretorischen Zellen und Blut vermutet.
    Notes: Summary The caudal neurosecretory system of Cyprinus carpio and Channa argus Cantor was studied electron microscopically. In the secretory nerve cells of both species the elementary granules are formed in the Golgi complex. In the neurosecretory system of Cyprinus carpio two kinds of neurosecretory cells can be differentiated according to the size and the electron density of their granules (α- and ß-granule). Grnules of both types cannot be found in the same neurosecretory cell. In Cyprinus the elementary granules of various density are released into the pericapillary space. Apart from the elementary granules droplets with various structures in the perikarya and bases of the processes were recognized. A part of these droplets consists of accumulated elementary granules, the majority however belongs to inclusions like lysosomes, “myelinfigures”, “multivesicular bodies” and so on. The neurosecretory elements are connected with non-secreting nerve cells by numerous axo-somatic, axo-axonic and axo-dendritic synapses. In Channa argus the perikarya of neurosecretory cells are in close contact with the basement membrane of the capillary, i.e. there is no glial barrier between the neurosecretory cell and the blood vessel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00407164
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluorescence and electron microscopic evidence for the dual innervation of the iris sphincter muscle of the rabbit (1968)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 91 (1968), S. 90-95 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The sphincter zone of the rabbit iris sometimes contains terminals with small granular vesicles. These terminals correspond to yellowish-green fluorescent structures in the sphincter zone. The paired arrangement of a terminal containing these vesicles and one full of agranular vesicles might indicate dual innervation of sphincter muscles by sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers. The sympathetic component probably exerts an inhibitory action on the sphincter muscles.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00336986
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluorescence microscopic observations of catecholamines in cultures of the sympathetic chains (1967)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 80 (1967), S. 345-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary A histochemical technique for the demonstration of catecholamines developed by Falck et al. has been successfully applied to the sympathetic chains of rats and mice maintained in vitro. Catecholamines were localized in the nerve fibers, showing identical green fluorescence as in tissue sections of healthy rats. The cultures 8 days in vitro exhibited positive reaction in a few terminals, whereas sister cultures 1 month in vitro showed strong fluorescence reaction in thicker proximal axons and networks of nerve fibers as well. Reactivity of neuron somas became positive after 1 month of cultivation. Application of reserpine in amount of 0.00025 mg/ml for 2 hours resulted in complete disappearance of fluorescence. Furthermore, cultures of spinal ganglia from fetal rat produced no fluorescence reaction with this technique. Therefore, the reaction is specific for sympathetic nervous tissue and reliable for the differentiation of sympathetic neurons from other types of nerve cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00339327
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