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  • 1965-1969  (7)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The reaction of satellite cells after the experimental infection with a neurotropic virus shows an enlargement of the nuclei of the satellite cells, an approach of the satellite cells to their ganglion cells, and a multiplication of the oligodendroglia. This reaction takes the same course in both chicks and chickens. Despite the possibility of re-isolating the virus from the brain, and the existence of a preencephalitic activation of the vessel wall, the reaction fails to show up when weak virulent strains of viruses are used. A highly virulent virus provoked a clear satellitosis in surviving animals only. However, no reaction could be observed in dead animals. The cytodynamic behavior of the satellite cells is quite similar after the experimental withdrawal of the nutrition, and after artificial coccidiosis. A stress induced by shaking until exhaustion (of the test animals) is just followed by lessening the distance, whereas no functionalswelling of nuclei and the multiplication of glial cells take place. The maturing of the satellite cell, dependent upon the age, was distinguished from these reactive alterations. It occurs mainly between the fourth and seventh week of life, and is characterized by the decrease in volume, by lessening the distance between satellite and ganglion cells, and by an augmentation of the glial index.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Reaktion der Satellitenzellen besteht bei experimenteller Infektion mit einem neurotropen Virus in einer Vergrößerung der Satellitenzellkerne, einer Annäherung der Satellitenzellen an ihre Ganglienzellen und in einer Vermehrung der Oligodendroglia. Diese Reaktion verläuft be Külen und Hennen gleichartig. Sie bleibt bei Verwendung schwach virulenter Virusstämme aus, obwohl das Virus aus dem Gehirn rückisolier werden konnte und eine präencephalitische Gefäßwandaktivierung vorlag. Ein hochvirulentes Virus provozierte eine deutliche Satellitose nur bei den überlebenden Tieren. Bei den gestorbenen ließ sich dagegen keine Reaktion objektivieren. Das cytodynamische Verhalten der Satellitenzellen ist ähnlich nach experimentellem Nahrungsentzug und künstlicher Coccidiose. Bei einem bis zur Erschöpfung einwirkenden Schüttelstress erfolgt nur die Distanzverringerung, während die funktionelle Kernschwellung und die Vermehrung der Ganglienzellen unterbleiben. Von diesen reaktiven Veränderungen wurde die altersabhängige Ausreifung der Satellitenzelle abgegrentzt. Sie vollzieht sich hauptsächlich zwischen der 4. und 7. Lebenswoche und besteht in Volumenverkleinerung, Verringerung der Distanz zwischen Satelliten- und Ganglienzellen sowie in einer Vergrößerung des Gliaindex.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 23 (1968), S. 53-70 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The morphology and development of transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE) virus of pigs have been studied with the electron microscope. By the negative contrast technique characteristic particles were found in preparations concentrated and partially purified either from infected fetal pig kidney cell cultures by phase partition in dextran-methylcellulose and dextran-polyethylene glycol followed by equilibrium zonal centrifugation or from infected fetal pig thyroid (FPT) cell cultures by differential centrifugation. Most of the particles had a spherical shape and were between 75 and 120 mμ in diameter. In some particles disrupted spontaneously, fixed with formaldehyde or split with ether, an outer membrane and internal beaded filaments were demonstrated. In thin sections of cultured FPT cells infected with the virus, a small number of intracytoplasmic virus particles could be detected 4 hours after infection. The particles increased in number, both intra- and extracellularly, with the lapse of time, concomitant with the increase in amount of infective virus in cultures. The virus particle consisted of a dense nucleoid 40–60 mμ in diameter separated by a zone of lesser density from a limiting membrane 56–81 mμ in diameter. On the basis of morphological observations, it was suggested that the virus particle matures at the inner surface of the membrane which lines the cisternae of endoplasmic reticulum, perinuclear cisterna, and cytoplasmic vacuoles of unknown origin. Multiplication of TGE virus was not inhibited by 5-iododeoxyuridine suggesting that its nucleic acid is RNA. Similarity between TGE virus and some of the myxoviruses, as well as some oncogenic viruses was discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of virology 20 (1967), S. 327-350 
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Of four strains of TGE virus tested, the Purdue strain could be propagated serially and produced a cytopathic effect (CPE) in primary monolayer cultures of adult and fetal pig kidney cells, pig thyroid cells, and pig salivary gland cells. In kidney and salivary gland cell cultures, a distinct CPE was observed only after several passages. In thyroid cell cultures, a marked CPE was evident in the first passage. High cell passage virus caused the rapid and complete destruction of and produced plaques regularly in pig thyroid cell cultures, while plaque production in pig kidney cell cultures was irregular. The CPE was accompanied by acid production. New infectious virus appeared in fetal pig kidney cells less than 5 hours after infection. TGE virus was found to be ether, acid, and heat labile. Serial passage in fetal pig kidney cells led to a considerable attenuation of TGE virus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 1 (1968), S. 32-33 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Gas chromatographic conditions are described which allow separation of free aromatic mono- and dicarboxylic acids. The new method provides better economy in routine analysis and avoids systematic errors due to uncontrolled chemical modifications of the substrate during introduction of protective groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 236 (1968), S. 119-136 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die mikroprapärative Gas-Chromatographie erlaubt unter Verwendung von konventionellen analytischen Gas-Chromatographen die rasche Zerlegung von organischen Vielstoffgemischen in ihre Bestandteile. Es werden Mikrofraktionen erhalten, die der nachfolgenden spektrographischen Untersuchung unmittelbar zugänglich sind. Das eigentliche Problem besteht darin, eine relativ kleine Menge organischer Substanz als Dampf oder Nebel aus einem großen Überschuß an Trägergas herauszufiltrieren und auf kleinstem Raum zu konzentrieren. Dazu wurde eine neue Methode entwickelt, die vollständiges Kondensieren gas-chromatographischer Eluate bei geringstem apparativen Aufwand sicher und vollständig gestattet. Wirksames Prinzip ist die Adsorption des jeweiligen Eluates an einer Zone feinkristalliner organischer Materie, wie sie z.B. beim Abschrecken eines üblichen spektroskopischen Lösungsmittels auf die Temperatur von flüssigem Argon (oder flüssigem Stickstoff) in einem U-Rohr aus Glas entsteht. Bei geeigneter Dimensionierung der Vorlage genügen Lösungsmittelmengen bis herab zu 2 μl, um eine aktive Filterzone herzustellen. Der Strömungswiderstand solcher Filterzonen für übliche gas-chromatographische Trägergase ist überraschenderweise gering. Selbst Kohlenwasserstoffe mit Siedepunkten unterhalb Raumtemperatur (wie z.B. Propan) können beim Durchgang durch kristallisierten Tetrachlorkohlenstoff mit Ausbeuten von über 99% aus dem Trägergas herauskondensiert werden. Für die weitere spektroskopische Untersuchung wird das gekühlte Lösungsmittel aufgeschmolzen und zusammen mit dem Eluat in die Mikroküvette eines Infrarot- oder Kernresonanzspektrometers übergeführt. Anhand eines Beipsiels wird gezeigt, daß die neue mikropräparative Isoliertechnik wesentliche Beiträge zur Konstitutionsaufklärung von Vielkomponentengemischen leisten kann. Sie tritt an die Seite von makropräparativer Gas-Chromatographie und von direkten Kopplungsmethoden.
    Notes: Summary Rapid separation of organic multicomponent mixtures can be acchieved by application of micropreparative gas-chromatography using conventional analytic equipment. Microfractions for immediate spectroscopic investigation are obtained. The essential problem is condensation of a small amount of organic substrate out of a large surplus of carrier gas and concentrating it within a small volume. A new method has been developed for this purpose, which allows complete condensation of eluates with a minimum of effort. The respective eluate is adsorbed on a zone of microcrystalline organic material, which can be prepared by rapidly cooling a common spectroscopic solvent to the temperature of liquid nitrogen or liquid argon within a U-tube made from glass. By using proper dimensions for the trap, as little solvent as 2 μl suffices to prepare an active filter zone. The pressure drop across such filter zones is surprisingly low. Hydrocarbons with boiling points below room temperature (e.g. propane) can be trapped with yields above 99%. For further spectroscopic investigation the solvent is molten and transferred together with the eluted material to the microcell of a NMR, or IR spectrometer. A separation example is discussed showing the capabilities of the new technique in structure elucidation work. The method is supposed to be of value in addition to macropreparative gas-chromatography and direct coupling techniques
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 81 (1969), S. 292-293 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 8 (1969), S. 281-282 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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