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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 32 (1984), S. 45-52 
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Microchimica acta 83 (1984), S. 47-52 
    ISSN: 1436-5073
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Umsetzung von Nitrat in Nitrosylchlorid und die nachfolgende Reaktion mit 8-Hydroxychinolin undp-Aminobenzolsulfonsäure ermöglicht den raschen Nachweis bis zu5 ng Nitrat im Wege einer Tüpfelprobe. Über55 Anionen und Kationen stören diesen Nachweis nicht, wenn vorher eine Dünnschicht-Chromatographie auf Kieselgel durchgeführt wird. Das Verfahren kann für die Bestimmung von Nitrat in Lebensmitteln und Wasser verwendet werden.
    Notes: Summary The conversion of nitrate into nitrosyl chloride, and subsequent reaction with 8-hydroxyquinoline andp-aminobenzene sulphonic acid allows the rapid detection of down to 5 ng of nitrate in a spot-test procedure. Over 55 anions and cations have been shown not to interfere if detection is preceded by thin-layer chromatography on silica. The method can be used for the determination of nitrate in food and water samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 204 (1964), S. 337-344 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird ein kurzer Überblick über die Möglichkeiten zur volumetrischen Hydrochinonbestimmung gegeben. Ein Vergleich verschiedener Verfahren zeigt, daß zur Titerstellung reiner Hydrochinonlösungen die Cerimetrie am besten geeignet ist. Zur Hydrochinonbestimmung in Mischungen muß jedoch eine Titration mit Dichromat, Vanadat, Hexacyanoferrat(III) und Zink oder Bromat-Bromid verwendet werden, von denen jede ihre besondere Anwendungsmöglichkeiten besitzt. In diesen Fällen ist es empfehlenswert, die erhaltenen Werte mit denen einer cerimetrischen Bestimmung an einer reinen Hydrochinonlösung zu vergleichen.
    Notes: Summary A short review is given of the literature concerning volumetric determination of quinol. Comparison of various titration procedures and their possible application shows that the cerimetric determination must be preferred for the standardization of pure quinol solutions; when determining the amount of quinol in mixtures, however, one must usually be content with a titration procedure using dichromate, vanadate, ferricyanide and zinc or bromate-bromide, which each have their special applications. In these cases it is recommended to compare the results of the method chosen with the results of a cerimetric determination using a pure quinol solution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Urea herbicides ; Catalytic hydrolysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A method is described for the rapid catalytic hydrolysis of phenylurea herbicides on silica gel at elevated temperatures. After derivatisation of the anilines produced with heptafluorobutyric acid anhydride final analysis is done on a gas chromatograph equipped with an electroncapture detector. Detection limits are in the 1–5 picogram range. The method has successfully been applied to residue analysis of water samples at the 1 ppb level. The determination of free anilines present in water samples and the potential of various techniques to be used to discriminate between free anilines and parent herbicides are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 17 (1983), S. 125-131 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Miniaturized HPLC ; Post-column reaction detection ; Catecholamines ; Packed-bed reactors ; Non-segmented open-tubular reactors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary The use of non-segmented flow, post-column reaction detection is evaluated for use with miniaturized HPLC. Non-segmented open-tubular reactors with internal diameters 0.1 mm to 0.25 mm and packed-bed reactors with internal diameters of 1 mm, filled with 5 and 10 μm particles are evaluated theoretically and experimentally with respect to band broadening and pressure drop characteristics. An integrated system consisting of miniaturized HPLC (1 mm i. d.) columns and compatible hardware is described. An example of the separation of catecholamines is given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-739X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography ; Chlorophenols in water ; Preconcentration ; Post-column photochemical dechlorination ; Electrochemical, UV and fluorescence detection ; Column switching
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A specific HPLC method has been developed for the trace analysis of lower chlorinated aromatic compounds. The method consists of an on-line preconcentration and a post-column reaction step. On-line preconcentration of mono- and dichlorophenols from aqueous samples has been performed using PRP1, a divinylbenzene-styrene copolymeric sorbent as packing material for both pre-and analytical column. Enrichment factors of over 300 were obtained compared to regular (100 μl) loop injections, even for the highly polar monochlorophenols. After reversed-phase separation, post-column photochemical dechlorination is carried out directly in the eluent stream, using a photochemical reactor. Upon dechlorination, fluorescent products are formed, which can be detected selectively. The resulting fluorescence signal shows a linear response to the quantity of solute present over 2 to 3 orders of magnitude (correlation coefficients: 0.990–0.98). For the mono- and dichlorophenols, the detection limit of the photoconversion method is in the lower nanogram range. The method is especially suitable for the analysis of complex matrices such as effluent water samples or biological fluids containing traces of the polar chloroaromatic compounds together with large amounts of other constituents, which interfere when using more general methods of detection like UV absorption. The potential of this technique for automation has been demonstrated by using a microprocessor-controlled column switching unit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography ; Photochemical reaction detection ; Chemical post-column reduction ; Fluorimetric detection ; Air segmented flow systems ; Non-aqueous reversed-phase chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A new photochemical reaction method for the on-line fluorimetric detection of natural vitamin K homologs was developed. In addition to its high sensitivity, the method features an interesting selectivity for the determination of these compounds in a complex matrix such as human serum. The formation of different photolysis products as a function of reaction conditions, and the optimalisation of a segmented flow reaction system will be discussed. The results indicate that the method is 4 times more sensitive than UV detection, and at least as selective as fluorescence detection after post-column chemical reduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chromatographia 16 (1982), S. 237-241 
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography ; Electron capture detection ; Improved interface
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary An improved interface for the coupling of a liquid chromatograph (LC) and an electron-capture detector (ECD) allows the use of the LC-ECD combination for the determination of various types of chlorinated aromatic compounds. The addition of up to 6% of dioxan to the hexane used as mobile phase can be tolerated without serious deterioration of detector performance. Derivatization of polar compounds such as anilines, phenylurea herbicides, chlorophenols and hydroxylated polychlorobiphenyls with fluorine-and non-fluorine-containing acid anhydrides is a useful tool to extend the application range of LC-ECD. As an example, the analysis of a spiked soil sample is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1612-1112
    Keywords: Miniaturized HPLC ; Post-Column Extraction Detection ; Segmented-Flow Open-Tubular Reactors ; Membrane Phase Separator ; Anti-Cancer Drugs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract An on-line, post-column, extraction system suitable for use with miniaturized HPLC (0.7–1 mm i.d. columns) is described. The system consists of a 30° angle segmenting tee, a PTFE extraction coil of variable length and a membrane phase separator. The internal volume of the phase separator is less than 1 μl. The total variance contribution of the system is between 1 and 6 sec2. The determination of the anti-cancer drugs VP 16 and VM 26 in urine by means of reversed-phase HPLC and fluorescence detection, using both on-column preconcentration and the present miniaturized post-column extraction system is presented as an application.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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