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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Digital imaging colposcopy, image analysis and quantification of the colposcopic image (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 101 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To investigate the use of a digital imaging system for colposcopy, its use for image analysis and quantification of the colposcopic features that may predict histological outcome as defined by large loop excision of transformation zone.Design Prospective programme study of all patients undergoing colposcopy for cytological abnormalities.Setting Dudley Road Hospital, Birmingham.Subject Fifty consecutive patients having cytological and colposcopic abnormality treated with large loop excision of transformation zone formed the study group.Main outcome measures Pretreatment and colposcopic features correlated with histological diagnosis of excised transformation zone.Results Index cytology and current smoking status are the most important variables for prediction of histological diagnosis. Other important variables are focality of lesion, surface pattern, intercapillary distance and degree of acetowhiteness.Conclusion Digital imaging colposcopy allows image capture, processing and objective analysis. This methodology holds advantages for basic and clinical research, teaching, diagnostics and clinical audit. The system can act as a quality control tool for colposcopy units. This system should prove invaluable for further quantitative studies, for natural history studies and for those patients with deferred treatment of their cytological and colposcopic abnormalities. The statistical models described may be incorporated into the system and can aid the colposcopist in management of the woman with abnormal cervical cytology and colposcopic abnormality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1994.tb13116.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peptidases, Peptides, and the Mammalian Blood–Brain Barrier (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 60 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb03223.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The magnetic and structural properties of pulsed laser deposited epitaxial MnZn–ferrite films (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 1676-1680 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic and structural properties of pulsed laser deposited MnZn–ferrite films have been examined. The results show that the uniaxial anisotropy, ferromagnetic resonance linewidth and coercive force are strongly influenced by the microstructure of the films, and the saturation magnetization and first-order magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant depend on intrinsic properties such as composition and cation site occupation. A comparison of bulk and film magnetic properties shows that the magnetic properties of the films are comparable to the bulk, which makes pulsed laser deposition ferrite films a prime candidate for thin film high-frequency microwave device applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356353
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The magnetic and superconducting properties of Pb2Sr2(R/Ca)Cu3O8, R=Pr, Ce, and Cm (abstract) : 38th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6740-6740 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The series of compounds Pb2Sr2(R/Ca)Cu3O8, (R=Ce-Tm) are known to superconduct at temperatures as high as Tc=84 K. We have studied the relationship between superconductivity and magnetism in the Ce and Pr analogs. In addition, we report the synthetic route and the magnetic properties of the actinide analog Pb2Sr2(Cm/Ca)Cu3O8. The parent compound Pb2Sr2CmCu3O8 is not a superconductor, but shows evidence of long range magnetic ordering at about 18 K. This is a much higher temperature than is observed for any of the other R-ion parent compounds. These results will be discussed in terms of the different hybridization and bonding properties of the 4f and 5f electrons, and how these differences influence superconductivity. These results will be compared with the Pr and Cm analogs of the other superconducting series RBa2Cu3O7 and R2−xThxCuO4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356856
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the crystal-field spectra of the actinide tetrafluorides. II. AmF4, CmF4, Cm4+:CeF4, and Bk4+:CeF4 (1994)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 101 (1994), S. 8277-8289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We report a systematic analysis of the crystal-field spectra of four fluoride compounds containing tetravalent actinide ions. The first part of this work [J. Chem. Phys. 95, 7194 (1991)] provided interpretation of the absorption spectra of UF4, NpF4, and PuF4. To extend our analysis to heavier elements of the series, low-temperature absorption spectra of AmF4 and CmF4, and site selective laser-induced emission and excitation spectra of Cm4+:CeF4 and Bk4+:CeF4 were obtained. A model energy level calculation was found to be in good agreement with the experimental results. It is shown that the crystal-field interaction in combination with spin–orbital coupling results in significant J mixing in the excited states, but ground state wave functions are still relatively pure in J character for the tetravalent actinide ions Am4+, Cm4+, and Bk4+. Trends in the parameters of the effective operator Hamiltonian are compared with those of a Hartree–Fock free-ion model. Interpretation of the ground-state splitting of the nominal S-state ion Bk4+ in CeF4 and color center formation in AmF4 are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.468093
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The magnetic and structural properties of pulsed laser deposited epitaxial Mn1−xZnxFe2O4 ferrite films (abstract) : 37th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 6312-6312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Since modern high frequency device technology is shifting towards planar miniaturization, ferrite films will play an important role in facilitating the design and fabrication nonreciprocal monolithic integrated devices such as isolators and circulators. The authors have examined magnetic and structural properties for a series of pulsed laser deposited (PDL) single crystal MnZn-ferrite films. The films were epitaxially grown on (001) MgO at substrate temperatures of 300 °C, 400 °C, 600 °C, and 800 °C in an oxygen partial pressure of 30 mTorr. The film microstructure, crystal structure, and composition were characterized by SEM, x-ray diffraction and atomic absorption spectroscopy, respectively. The magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant K1, uniaxial anisotropy constant Ku, saturation magnetization Ms, and coercive force Hc were examined by torque and vibrating sample magnetometry. Ferrimagnetic resonance measurements were made on the films to obtain the linewidth ΔH. A comparison of the magnetic, structural, and chemical properties shows that K1 and Ms scale with the Fe2+ ion concentration and that Ku, Ms, and ΔH are very sensitive to the microstructure. The values of K1, Ms, and ΔH obtained for films deposited at 800 °C were compared with those of bulk MnZn-ferrite and found to exceed the bulk values (Table I), thus making PLD ferrite films very attractive for nonreciprocal device applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352681
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic anisotropy energy of antiferromagnetic coupled Fe/Cr/Fe layers (abstract) : 35th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 5321-5321 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin films of Fe with interleaved Cr have generated considerable interest because of the antiferromagnetic coupling between the Fe layers. This coupling has been examined using ferromagnetic resonance and other measurements. The results have been explained on the basis of the phenomenological expression for the magnetic free energy. We have determined the magnetic free energy for a single-crystal Fe/Cr/Fe(001) sandwich grown by molecular beam epitaxy using torque magnetometry. At fields below the anisotropy field, both the torque and free energy show a complex switching of the antiferromagnetically coupled Fe moments (Fig. 1). Preliminary calculations show that the exchange and the angle between the antiferromagnetically coupled Fe moments can be determined directly from these curves. We shall discuss our measurements and calculations and compare our results with the earlier ferromagnetic resonance results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.348065
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hole trapping phenomena in the gate insulator of As-fabricated insulated gate field effect transistors (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 4620-4633 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Hole trapping phenomena in SiO2 were examined using an optically assisted hot carrier injection technique on p-channel insulated gate field effect transistors. It was found that only a single, field-dependent, capture-cross-section hole trap is present. The capture cross section of these hole traps at a field of 4 mV/cm across the gate insulator, corresponding to a gate voltage just above the threshold voltage, was found to be 8.5×10−14 cm2. Injected holes were found to trap with an initial efficiency of approximately 60% at this gate field. Depopulation of trapped holes at room temperature was also examined, and found to be significant. The neutral hole trap density in unirradiated device gate insulators after post-metal annealing was found to be approximately 7.0×1012 cm−2. Based on a study of the threshold voltage shift as a function of gate insulator thickness, coupled with the model recently proposed by Walters and Reisman for determining charge centroid, it appears that for oxides with thicknesses greater than 10 nm, the hole traps lie in a band of finite thickness with a charge centroid 5 nm from the substrate-SiO2 interface. In addition, there exists a layer approximately 3.7 nm thick at each interface that appears void of trapped charge. Therefore, oxides less than 7.4 nm thick should not trap charge, which was found to be the case experimentally. This implies that as devices are scaled down, hole trapping will disappear, which is of particular significance in oxides subjected to ionizing irradiation, either during processing or during use.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.346172
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the crystal-field spectra of the actinide tetrafluorides. I. UF4, NpF4, and PuF4 (1991)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 95 (1991), S. 7194-7203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An interpretation of the low-temperature absorption spectra of AnF4 (An=U, Np, Pu) is presented. Using an effective operator Hamiltonian with orthogonalized free-ion operators and initializing crystal-field parameter values based on a superposition model calculation for An4+ sites with C2 symmetry, good agreement between the model calculations and experimentally observed absorption band structure could be obtained. Correlations with published magnetic and heat capacity measurements are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.461396
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular dynamics studies of polar/nonpolar fluid mixtures. I. Mixtures of Lennard-Jones and Stockmayer fluids (1990)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 2704-2714 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The results of canonical ensemble molecular dynamics calculations of mixtures of Lennard–Jones and Stockmayer fluids are reported. To study solely the influence of the polarity, the Lennard-Jones parameters were identical for both components. The excess mixing properties show a strong asymmetry with respect to composition for large dipolar strength. The free energy of mixing is obtained through a thermodynamic integration procedure. The results strongly suggest that, for reduced dipolar strengths μ2〉3.15, demixing occurs into a phase rich in polar component and an almost pure Lennard-Jones fluid. It is shown that perturbation theory yields fairly accurate results for the dipolar energy and free energy of the mixture. For the free energy of mixing, qualitatively correct results are obtained. The structure and orientational correlation functions of the mixture are discussed. The radial distribution function for pairs of polar molecules show a marked increase in local ordering with dipolar strength for low concentrations of the polar component, indicating that strong clustering of polar molecules occurs at these concentrations. The orientational order is also seen to increase very strongly with dipole moment at these concentrations. The pair correlation function for pairs of Lennard-Jones atoms shows little dependence on dipolar strength of Stockmayer molecules at these concentrations. The distribution function for pairs of unlike molecules reflects the increasingly dissimilar character of these molecules as the dipolar strength increases. For large concentrations of Stockmayer molecules, the opposite effect is observed, albeit less pronounced, in that the pair-correlation function for Lennard-Jones atoms shows an increase in local ordering as μ increases, whereas the radial distribution function for Stockmayer pairs remains relatively unaffected with increasing μ. These results are interpreted in terms of a frustation model. Results are given for the variation of the dielectric constant of the mixture with composition and dipolar strength.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.458909
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